Selection of Matrices for Immobilization of Actinide Fraction of HLW

2002 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Ochkin ◽  
S. V. Stefanovsky ◽  
S. I. Rovny
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Alpha Activity ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Fast Reactors ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Perovskite Ceramics ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTHLW after the separation of U, Pu and Np contains two major radionuclide groups: fission products and TRU elements. The later ones are the most dangerous and should be separated in the special actinide fraction. This process has been realized at PA “Mayak”.The composition of the actinide fraction depends on a separation method:A. Radionuclides of Am and Cm with minor amounts of U, Np and Pu.B. Radionuclides of Am and Cm with minor amounts of U, Np and Pu and also REEs.C. Radionuclides of Am and Cm with minor amounts of U, Np and Pu and also REEs and perhaps some amount of Zr.The fraction with composition A can be burned off in fast reactors whereas the fractions with compositions B and C should be immobilized in stable matrices. Alpha-Activity of actinide fraction is subsequently determined by 244Cm, 241Am, 244Am, 239Pu and 242Pu during a long-term storage. The storage time depends on conditions and can reach several hundreds of thousands years. The main requirements to matrices are chemical and radiation resistances. The fraction with composition B can be incorporated in perovskite ceramics whereas in case of composition C the additional zirconolite and/or pyrochlore phases are necessary.

scholarly journals 3′ MACE RNA-sequencing allows for transcriptome profiling in human tissue samples after long-term storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1345-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefaniya Boneva ◽  
Anja Schlecht ◽  
Daniel Böhringer ◽  
Hans Mittelviefhaus ◽  
Thomas Reinhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Ffpe Samples ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Storage

Abstract This study aims to compare the potential of standard RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) and 3′ massive analysis of c-DNA ends (MACE) RNA-sequencing for the analysis of fresh tissue and describes transcriptome profiling of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) archival human samples by MACE. To compare MACE to standard RNA-Seq on fresh tissue, four healthy conjunctiva from four subjects were collected during vitreoretinal surgery, halved and immediately transferred to RNA lysis buffer without prior fixation and then processed for either standard RNA-Seq or MACE RNA-Seq analysis. To assess the impact of FFPE preparation on MACE, a third part was fixed in formalin and processed for paraffin embedding, and its transcriptional profile was compared with the unfixed specimens analyzed by MACE. To investigate the impact of FFPE storage time on MACE results, 24 FFPE-treated conjunctival samples from 24 patients were analyzed as well. Nineteen thousand six hundred fifty-nine transcribed genes were detected by both MACE and standard RNA-Seq on fresh tissue, while 3251 and 2213 transcripts were identified explicitly by MACE or RNA-Seq, respectively. Standard RNA-Seq tended to yield longer detected transcripts more often than MACE technology despite normalization, indicating that the MACE technology is less susceptible to a length bias. FFPE processing revealed negligible effects on MACE sequencing results. Several quality-control measurements showed that long-term storage in paraffin did not decrease the diversity of MACE libraries. We noted a nonlinear relation between storage time and the number of raw reads with an accelerated decrease within the first 1000 days in paraffin, while the numbers remained relatively stable in older samples. Interestingly, the number of transcribed genes detected was independent on FFPE storage time. RNA of sufficient quality and quantity can be extracted from FFPE samples to obtain comprehensive transcriptome profiling using MACE technology. We thus present MACE as a novel opportunity for utilizing FFPE samples stored in histological archives.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Storage Time and Original Sampling Month on Biobank Plasma Protein Concentrations

EBioMedicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Enroth ◽  
Göran Hallmans ◽  
Kjell Grankvist ◽  
Ulf Gyllensten
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

Preliminary Studies of the Disposition of Cesium in a Glass-Bonded Sodalite Waste form

2002 ◽  
Vol 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsha J. Lambregts ◽  
Steven M. Frank
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Waste Form ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ceramic Waste ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Geological Repository ◽  
Term Storage

ABSTRACTArgonne National Laboratory has developed an electrometallurgical treatment for DOE spent metallic nuclear fuel. Fission products are immobilized in a durable glass bonded sodalite ceramic waste form (CWF) suitable for long term storage in a geological repository. Cesium is estimated to be in the waste form at approximately 0.1 wt.%. The exact disposition of cesium was uncertain and it was believed to be uniformly distributed throughout the waste form. A correlation of X-ray diffractometry (XRD), electron microscopy (EM), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) performed on surrogate ceramic waste forms with high cesium loadings found a high cesium content in the glass phase and in several non-sodalite aluminosilicate phases. Cesium was not detected in the sodalite phase.

scholarly journals Stability of Folate and Vitamin B12in Human Serum after Long-Term Storage: A Follow-Up after 13 Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugène H. J. M. Jansen ◽  
Piet K. Beekhof
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Term Storage

In epidemiological and nutrition research, it is very important to evaluate the stability of biomarkers as function of both storage time and temperature. In this study, the stability of folate and vitamin B12in human serum samples has been tested after long-term storage at −80°C up to 13 years. Serum samples of 16 individuals were used in this study. The concentration of folate and vitamin B12has been determined att=0and at 1, 8, and 13 years after storage at −80°C. The folate concentrations in serum samples remained stable at −80°C. The concentration of vitamin B12was decreasing during the time of the study to about 50%. The correlation of the folate and also of the vitamin B12concentrations in the stored samples compared with the starting values was still good. Therefore, although the concentration of vitamin B12decreased upon storage, reliable comparative analyses can still be performed.

Viability and Engraftment of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (HPC) After Long Term Cryopreservation: Effect of Diagnosis and % Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) Concentration.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 3161-3161
Author(s):  
Muthu Kumaran Veeraputhiran ◽  
John Theus ◽  
Gina Pesek ◽  
Bart Barlogie ◽  
Michele H. Cottler-Fox
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Population Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dmso Concentration ◽  
Term Storage

Abstract Abstract 3161 Poster Board III-98 Introduction There are few reports of HPC viability after more than 9 y of storage. It has been suggested that HPC from myeloma patients (pts) may survive storage less well than those from other diseases. The appropriate concentration of DMSO for long term storage is unclear. Our program has collected and stored HPC since November 1989, changing from 5% DMSO to 10% DMSO in August 2000. We present a retrospective analysis of viability by diagnosis and DMSO concentration in pts who underwent autologous transplant using HPC after long-term storage (up to 17.8 y). Materials and Methods HPC were harvested and preserved using a controlled rate freezer and 5% or 10% DMSO, then stored in liquid nitrogen. Viability was tested by flow cytometry using unwashed samples and looking at propidium iodide or 7-AAD uptake within the CD34+ population. Data from 242 samples were analyzed (224 myeloma pts and 18 other diagnoses): 100 consecutively thawed samples with storage time <1 y (all 10% DMSO), 100 consecutive samples stored from 5-9 y ( 7 samples, 10% and 93 samples, 5% DMSO), and all samples stored and used for transplant after >9y (42 samples, 5% DMSO). No statistically significant difference was seen in viability between <1y and 5-9y, so these groups were combined and compared to >9y. White blood cell (WBC) and platelet engraftment were compared for the 2 groups using an unpaired t test. Results Mean viability for the 0-9y and >9 y groups were 91.62% and 92.79% respectively, with no statistically significant difference in viability between groups (p=0.28). Using a 2-tailed t test, no difference was seen in viability based on diagnosis (p=0.19) or between 5% and 10% DMSO (p= 0.12). No difference was seen in WBC engraftment (p=0.28) or platelet engraftment between groups (p=0.57). Discussion HPC collections remained viable after 17.8 years, the longest time reported for use after storage to date. No difference in viability was seen with 5% or 10% DMSO, or between myeloma and other diseases. Storage time did not affect engraftment. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals 1-Methylcyclopropene postharvest treatment and their effect on apple quality during long-term storage time

2014 ◽  
Vol 239 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Kolniak-Ostek ◽  
Aneta Wojdyło ◽  
Jarosław Markowski ◽  
Karolina Siucińska
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Postharvest Treatment ◽  
Apple Quality ◽  
Term Storage

Physical Property Changes in Commercial Natural Rubbers during Long Term Storage

2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jintana Yunyongwattanakorn ◽  
Jitladda T. Sakdapipanich
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Clear Relation ◽  
Long Storage

Abstract The physical properties during long term storage of selected commercial Standard Thai Rubbers (STR), i.e. STR XL, STR 5L and STR CV60 as high-graded natural rubber (NR), were investigated. Sections of commercial NR were subjected to examination after storage-hardening. STR 5L showed clearly an increase in Mooney viscosity (VR), Mooney relaxtion (MR30), gel content and initial plasticity (P0), higher than that of STR XL. This result suggests that STR 5L exhibits the highest inconsistency in physical properties. The increasing viscosity and gel content of STR 5L and STR XL samples suggest the occurrence of a crosslink structure during storage. STR CV60, known as a viscosity-stabilized NR sample, also showed an increase in VR, gel content, P0, and high PRI value during long storage. These findings indicate that storage-hardening occurred in the rubber samples even after carefully controlled production procedures. As for the different sections of samples, there was no clear relation with gel content with respect to storage time, indicating that depth or positions of specimens in a certain rubber bale did not affect the storage-hardening phenomenon.

scholarly journals Environment is crucial to the cooking time of beans

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Arruda ◽  
Altamir Frederico Guidolin ◽  
Jefferson Luís Meirelles Coimbra ◽  
Jaqueline Battilana
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

The objectives of this study were to understand how genotype, storage time, and storage conditions affect cooking time of beans and to indicate storage techniques that do not affect the cooking time. The grains were subjected to five different storage periods and six different storage conditions. The cooking time was estimated using the Mattson Cooker. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and a subsequent adjustment of simple linear regression for deployment of the interactions between the factors. Contrasts were used to determine the best levels of the factor storage condition. Genotype did not impact cooking time when the storage time and storage conditions were considered. Time and storage conditions affect the cooking time of beans in a dependent manner, but time of storage had the biggest influence. The best conditions for long-term storage of beans ensuring a smaller increase in cooking time is plastic storage at low temperatures. Thus, plastic freezer storage is a practical alternative for consumers.

Isotopic Abundances Measurements a Key to Understanding the Oklo Phenomenon

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Ruffenach ◽  
R. Hagemann ◽  
E. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Isotopic Abundances ◽  
Water Reactors ◽  
Term Storage

AbstractThe Oklo natural nuclear reactors have been studied mainly by isotopic and chemical analyses of uranium and fission products. Interpretation of these analyses allows parameters which characterize these reactions (flux, fluence,...), and also the age and duration of the nuclear reactions to be evaluated. The mechanisms and extent of fission-product migration can also be discussed. The behaviour of various elements formed in the Oklo uraninite and in oxyde fuels of pressurized water reactors is compared and found to be similar. Therefore, experience gained from the study of the Oklo phenomenon can provide valuable information on the long-term storage of radioactive wastes in geological media.

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