Investigation of magnetic properties in Mn incorporated InSb, InP, and GaAs, synthesized through controlled-ambient annealing

2004 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Hollingsworth ◽  
Prabhakar Bandaru
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Semiconductors ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Furnace Annealing ◽  
New Approach ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Curie Temperatures

AbstractMagnetic semiconductors are of interest for emerging spintronic applications, such as the integration of electronic information processing with magnetic data storage. We report on a new approach - furnace annealing under controlled ambients – aimed at increasing Mn incorporation and synthesizing new magnetic semiconductors with Tc greater than/around room temperature. These annealing treatments are hypothesized to reduce the effect of Mn interstitials. We have obtained preliminary SQUID magnetometry results which indicate ferromagnetic Curie temperatures of around 130 K in (In,Mn) Sb and 60 K in (In, Mn)P. X-ray diffraction was used to characterize phase homogeneity.

Electron carrier concentration dependent magnetization in ZnO:Co and ZnO:Mn thin films

2007 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Yang ◽  
Maurizio Biasini ◽  
Leelaprasanna J Mandalapu ◽  
Zheng Zuo ◽  
Ward P Beyermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Concentration Dependence ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Zno Thin Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Carrier ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Curie Temperatures

AbstractCo and Mn ions were implanted into n-type ZnO thin films with different electron carrier concentrations. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the ZnO:Co and ZnO:Mn thin films are of high crystallinity. From magnetization measurements, ferromagnetism was observed in both n-type ZnO:Co and n-type ZnO:Mn thin films with Curie temperatures well-above room temperature. Furthermore, the electron carrier concentration dependence of the saturated magnetization was measured in both types of thin films, and our results support an electron-mediated mechanism for ferromagnetism in ZnO:Co, as predicted by theory. However, our measurements seem to contradict theory for ZnO:Mn, which only predicts long-range ferromagnetism for p-type mediated material.

Magneto-transport Properties of Gd-doped In2O3 Thin Films

2007 ◽  
Vol 1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Gupta ◽  
D. Brown ◽  
K. Ghosh ◽  
S. R. Mishra ◽  
P. K. Kahol
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Semiconductors ◽  
Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Electronic Charge ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electro Magnetic

AbstractDilute Magnetic Semiconductors (DMS) are a rare group of promising materials that utilize both the electronic charge - a characteristic of semiconductor materials - and the electronic spin - a characteristic of magnetic materials. Oxide based DMS show promise of ferromagnetism (FM) at room temperature. It has been found that doping metal oxides such as ZnO, TiO2, and In2O3 with magnetic ions such as Fe, Co, Mn, and Cr produces DMS, which exhibit FM above room temperature. In2O3, a transparent opto-electronic material, is an interesting prospect for spintronics due to a unique combination of magnetic, electrical, and optical properties. High quality thin films of rare earth magnetic gadolinium (Gd) doped oxide-based DMS materials have been grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique on various substrates such as single crystal of sapphire (001) and quartz under suitable growth conditions of substrate temperature and oxygen pressure in the PLD chamber. The effect of rare earth magnetic doping on the structural and electro - magnetic properties of these films has been studied using Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Magneto - Transport. An X- ray diffraction study reveals that these films are single phase and highly oriented. Characteristic Raman peaks typical of indium oxide are observed at 496 and 627 cm−1. We have observed high magnetoresistance (∼18 %) at a relatively small field of 1.3 Tesla for the films with 10 % gadolinium. A detailed study of temperature and magnetic field dependent resistivity, magnetoresistance, and Hall Effect will be presented.

Magnetoelectric Effect in Multiferroic Perovskite-Oxide Composites

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 2514-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Gomi ◽  
K. Ban ◽  
Naoya Nishimura ◽  
Takeshi Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Magnetoelectric Effect ◽  
Spontaneous Magnetization ◽  
Hole Concentration ◽  
Perovskite Oxide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxide Composites ◽  
Curie Temperatures ◽  
Magnetic Dielectric

Magnetic, dielectric properties and magnetoelectric effect of ceramics with a composition of 0.9 BaTiO3-0.1 LaMnO3 have been investigated. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the sintered ceramics are composites containing a small amount of (La, Ba)MnO3 phase in the BaTiO3 matrix. These composites were multiferroic, having ferromagnetic and ferroelectric Curie temperatures of 330 K and 392 K respectively. We found that the composite sintered at 1150 °C exhibits a reduction of spontaneous magnetization as large as 55 % at room temperature when an electric field of 1.4 KV/mm is applied. This reduction is probably ascribed to a change of hole concentration distribution in the precipitated ferromagnetic (La, Ba)MnO3 and the resultant decrease of ferromagnetic Curie temperature.

Transition Metal Complexes of Oxamide Oxime, 1. Synthesis and X-Ray Crystal Structure of Tris(oxamide oxime-N1,N1′)cobalt(III) Triiodide [Co(H2oxao)3]I3

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1719-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Mégnamisi-Bélombé ◽  
Irene Jokwi ◽  
Emmanuel Ngameni ◽  
Robert Roux ◽  
Bernhard Nuber
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Transition Metal Complexes ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Formula Unit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Specific Difference ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Trigonal Structure

Tris(oxamide oxime-N1,N1′)cobalt(III) triiodide, [Co(H2oxao)3]I3, has been synthesized, and its structure determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction at room temperature. The trigonal structure (rhombohedral space group R 3̄ c) was refined by full matrix least-squares to a final R (Rw) of 4.1 (3.5)% for 51 parameters and 911 observed independent reflections. The structure consists exclusively of quasi-octahedral chiral cobaloxime cations, [Co(H2oxao)3]3+, and iodide anions. This structure is isotypic to that of the homologous Ni-based salt analyzed previously in which, as a matter of specific difference, one H2O molecule of crystallization per formula unit is present. Moreover, whereas nickel in the latter salt was identified as NiII on the basis of magnetic data, preliminary voltammetric data clearly reveals Com in the present salt.

Electron Microscopy of Human Gallstones

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
C. Wolpers ◽  
R. Blaschke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triclinic Crystal System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Main Components

Scanning microscopy was used to study the surface of human gallstones and the surface of fractures. The specimens were obtained by operation, washed with water, dried at room temperature and shadowcasted with carbon and aluminum. Most of the specimens belong to patients from a series of X-ray follow-up study, examined during the last twenty years. So it was possible to evaluate approximately the age of these gallstones and to get information on the intensity of growing and solving.Cholesterol, a group of bile pigment substances and different salts of calcium, are the main components of human gallstones. By X-ray diffraction technique, infra-red spectroscopy and by chemical analysis it was demonstrated that all three components can be found in any gallstone. In the presence of water cholesterol crystallizes in pane-like plates of the triclinic crystal system.

Electron Microscope study of commensurate-incommensurate phase transition in BaZnGeO4

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-173
Author(s):  
Naoki Yamamoto ◽  
Makoto Kikuchi ◽  
Tooru Atake ◽  
Akihiro Hamano ◽  
Yasutoshi Saito
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Ferroelectric Materials ◽  
Temperature Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Periodic Arrays ◽  
Modulation Wave Vector

BaZnGeO4 undergoes many phase transitions from I to V phase. The highest temperature phase I has a BaAl2O4 type structure with a hexagonal lattice. Recent X-ray diffraction study showed that the incommensurate (IC) lattice modulation appears along the c axis in the III and IV phases with a period of about 4c, and a commensurate (C) phase with a modulated period of 4c exists between the III and IV phases in the narrow temperature region (—58°C to —47°C on cooling), called the III' phase. The modulations in the IC phases are considered displacive type, but the detailed structures have not been studied. It is also not clear whether the modulation changes into periodic arrays of discommensurations (DC’s) near the III-III' and IV-V phase transition temperature as found in the ferroelectric materials such as Rb2ZnCl4.At room temperature (III phase) satellite reflections were seen around the fundamental reflections in a diffraction pattern (Fig.1) and they aligned along a certain direction deviated from the c* direction, which indicates that the modulation wave vector q tilts from the c* axis. The tilt angle is about 2 degree at room temperature and depends on temperature.

Xenon Trioxide Adducts of O-Donor Ligands; [(CH3)2CO]3XeO3, [(CH3)2SO]3(XeO3)2, (C5H5NO)3(XeO3)2, and [(C6H5)3PO]2XeO3

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Marczenko ◽  
James Goettel ◽  
Gary Schrobilgen
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Triphenylphosphine Oxide ◽  
Donor Ligands ◽  
Mechanical Shock ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxygen Coordination ◽  
Xenon Trioxide ◽  
Distorted Octahedra ◽  
Coordination Spheres

Oxygen coordination to the Xe(VI) atom of XeO<sub>3</sub> was observed in its adducts with triphenylphosphine oxide, dimethylsulfoxide, pyridine-N-oxide, and acetone. The crystalline adducts were characterized by low-temperature, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Unlike solid XeO<sub>3</sub>, which detonates when mechanically or thermally shocked, the solid [(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>PO]<sub>2</sub>XeO<sub>3</sub>, [(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO]<sub>3</sub>(XeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,<sub> </sub>and (C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NO)<sub>3</sub>(XeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> adducts are insensitive to mechanical shock, but undergo rapid deflagration when ignited by a flame. Both [(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>PO]<sub>2</sub>XeO<sub>3 </sub>and (C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NO)<sub>3</sub>(XeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> are air-stable whereas [(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO]<sub>3</sub>(XeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> slowly decomposes over several days and [(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO]<sub>3</sub>XeO<sub>3</sub> undergoes adduct dissociation at room temperature. The xenon coordination sphere of [(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>PO]<sub>2</sub>XeO<sub>3</sub> is a distorted square pyramid which provides the first example of a five-coordinate XeO<sub>3</sub> adduct. The xenon coordination spheres of the remaining adducts are distorted octahedra comprised of three Xe---O secondary contacts that are approximately trans to the primary Xe–O bonds of XeO<sub>3</sub>. Quantum-chemical calculations were used to assess the Xe---O adduct bonds, which are predominantly electrostatic σ-hole bonds between the nucleophilic oxygen atoms of the bases and the σ-holes of the xenon atoms.

Effect of trytophan as dopant on potassium acid phthalate single crystals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Slow Evaporation Technique ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Potassium Acid Phthalate ◽  
Acid Phthalate

Optically transparent single crystals of potassium acid phthalate (KAP, 0.5 g) 0.05 g and 0.1 g (1 and 2 mol %) trytophan were grown in aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Single crystal X- ray diffraction analysis confirmed the changes in the lattice parameters of the doped crystals. The presence of functional groups in the crystal lattice has been determined qualitatively by FTIR analysis. Optical absorption studies revealed that the doped crystals possess very low absorption in the entire visible region. The dielectric constant has been studied as a function of frequency for the doped crystals. The thermal stability was evaluated by TG-DSC analysis.

scholarly journals Structural and Enhanced Optical Properties of Stabilized γ‒Bi2O3 Nanoparticles: Effect of Oxygen Ion Vacancies

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Chhaganlal Gandhi ◽  
Chia-Liang Cheng ◽  
Sheng Yun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Excess Oxygen ◽  
Ambient Atmosphere ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Band Emission ◽  
Oxygen Ion ◽  
Integrated Intensity ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

We report the synthesis of room temperature (RT) stabilized γ–Bi2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) at the expense of metallic Bi NPs through annealing in an ambient atmosphere. RT stability of the metastable γ–Bi2O3 NPs is confirmed using synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. γ–Bi2O3 NPs exhibited a strong red-band emission peaking at ~701 nm, covering 81% integrated intensity of photoluminescence spectra. Our findings suggest that the RT stabilization and enhanced red-band emission of γ‒Bi2O3 is mediated by excess oxygen ion vacancies generated at the octahedral O(2) sites during the annealing process.

Mechanical Alloying Behavior in the Nb-Si, Ta-Si, and Nb-Ta-Si Systems

1988 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kumar ◽  
S. K. Mannan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Crystalline Compound ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase

ABSTRACTThe mechanical alloying behavior of elemental powders in the Nb-Si, Ta-Si, and Nb-Ta-Si systems was examined via X-ray diffraction. The line compounds NbSi2 and TaSi2 form as crystalline compounds rather than amorphous products, but Nb5Si3 and Ta5Si3, although chemically analogous, respond very differently to mechanical milling. The Ta5Si3 composition goes directly from elemental powders to an amorphous product, whereas Nb5Si3 forms as a crystalline compound. The Nb5Si3 compound consists of both the tetragonal room-temperature α phase (c/a = 1.8) and the tetragonal high-temperature β phase (c/a = 0.5). Substituting increasing amounts of Ta for Nb in Nb5Si3 initially stabilizes the α-Nb5Si3 structure preferentially, and subsequently inhibits the formation of a crystalline compound.

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