Fabrication of Novel Porous Chitosan Matrices as Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2004 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Cyril M. Pilane ◽  
Cato T. Laurencin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Chitosan Microspheres ◽  
Porous Chitosan

ABSTRACTThree dimensional (3-D) scaffolds with appropriate mechanical properties play a significant role in scaffold-based tissue engineering. Chitosan, a natural polymer obtained from chitin, which forms a major component of crustacean exoskeleton, is a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering due to its excellent osteocompatibility and biodegradability. The aim of the present study is to develop 3-D porous chitosan scaffolds with mechanical properties in the range of trabecular bone as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Three dimensional scaffolds were prepared by sintering chitosan microspheres. Chitosan microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation of chitosan solution using sodium tripolyphosphate. It has been found that the microsphere size increased significantly with the increase of the concentration of chitosan solution. The microspheres were then sintered together using the synergetic effect of solvent and temperature. The compressive moduli of the 3-D sintered matrices were found to be in the mid range of trabecular bone. The osteocompatibility and osteoconductivity of the 3-D matrices were demonstrated by adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast like cells on the matrices after 14 days in culture.

Fabrication of a chitosan/bioglass three-dimensional porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (38) ◽  
pp. 6611-6618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Teng Long ◽  
Nan-Fei He ◽  
Ya-Ping Guo ◽  
Zhen-An Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Engineering Applications

A chitosan/bioglass three-dimensional porous scaffold with excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties has been developed for the treatment of bone defects.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional, MultiScale, and Interconnected Trabecular Bone Mimic Porous Tantalum Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (35) ◽  
pp. 22520-22528
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Zhenglin Zhu ◽  
Haozuo Xiao ◽  
Changqi Luo ◽  
Xiaoji Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Porous Tantalum

Three-dimensional culture of rat BMMSCs in a porous chitosan-gelatin scaffold: A promising association for bone tissue engineering in oral reconstruction

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana C.C.C. Miranda ◽  
Gerluza A.B. Silva ◽  
Rafaela C.R. Hell ◽  
Maximiliano D. Martins ◽  
José B. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Porous Chitosan ◽  
Oral Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional Culture

scholarly journals Microstructure design and degradation performance in vitro of three-dimensional printed bioscaffold for bone tissue engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 168781401988378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Jin ◽  
Yue Zhuo ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Hongya Fu ◽  
Zhenyu Han
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spherical Pore ◽  
And Topology

In bone tissue engineering, three-dimensional printed biological scaffolds play an important role in the development of bone regeneration. The ideal scaffolds should have the ability to match the bone degradation rate and osteogenic ability. This article optimizes the unit cell model of the microstructure including spherical pore, gyroid, and topology to explore degradation performance of scaffolds. Boolean operation of array microstructure unit cells and selected part of a computer-aided design (CAD) femur model are adopted to create a reconstructed scaffold model. Polylactic acid/[Formula: see text]-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite scaffolds with spherical pore, gyroid, and topology-optimized structures are manufactured by three-dimensional printing utilizing the composition of bio-ink including polylactic acid, [Formula: see text]-tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite. After degradation of the scaffolds in vitro for several days, the mechanical properties are analyzed to study the effects of different microstructures on the degradation properties. The results show that the gyroid scaffolds with favorable degradability still maintain excellent mechanical properties after degradation. Mechanical properties of the scaffolds with topology-optimized structure and spherical pore microstructure scaffolds have a significant decrease after degradation.

Polylactic Acid Scaffold Fabricated by Combination of Solvent Casting and Salt Leaching Techniques: Influence of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Contents

2017 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Rosaniza Md Isa ◽  
Mariatti Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Salt Leaching

β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is a ceramic that commonly been used in bone tissue engineering. This material exhibits low mechanical properties such as low fracture toughness and brittleness. To overcome these problems, polylactic acid (PLA)/ β-TCP scaffolds for bone tissue engineering were prepared by using the combination method of solvent casting and salt leaching. These methods were used to produce three-dimensionally interconnected pores of the scaffold according to different ratio of β-TCP with porogen agent (sodium chloride (NaCl)). It is found that porosity and pore size of the scaffolds were independently controlled by the ratio and the particle size of the added porogen. The increases of pore interconnectivity were observed with increasing of PLA/ β-TCP/ NaCl ratios. Scaffolds with 80-90 wt% of total porogen content displayed acceptable mechanical properties for bone tissue engineering applications. Morphology observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that highly porous three-dimensional scaffold (>80 wt%) with well interconnected porous structure could be achieved by this combination process.

scholarly journals Mineralization of Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Xinchen Wu ◽  
Kierra Walsh ◽  
Brianna L. Hoff ◽  
Gulden Camci-Unal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Cell Recruitment ◽  
Carbonated Apatite

Mineralized biomaterials have been demonstrated to enhance bone regeneration compared to their non-mineralized analogs. As non-mineralized scaffolds do not perform as well as mineralized scaffolds in terms of their mechanical and surface properties, osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity, mineralization strategies are promising methods in the development of functional biomimetic bone scaffolds. In particular, the mineralization of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds has become a promising approach for guided bone regeneration. In this paper, we review the major approaches used for mineralizing tissue engineering constructs. The resulting scaffolds provide minerals chemically similar to the inorganic component of natural bone, carbonated apatite, Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH). In addition, we discuss the characterization techniques that are used to characterize the mineralized scaffolds, such as the degree of mineralization, surface characteristics, mechanical properties of the scaffolds, and the chemical composition of the deposited minerals. In vitro cell culture studies show that the mineralized scaffolds are highly osteoinductive. We also summarize, based on literature examples, the applications of 3D mineralized constructs, as well as the rationale behind their use. The mineralized scaffolds have improved bone regeneration in animal models due to the enhanced mechanical properties and cell recruitment capability making them a preferable option for bone tissue engineering over non-mineralized scaffolds.

HYDROXYAPATITE, ALGINATE, AND CHITOSAN FOR BONE SCAFFOLDS: SPECTROSCOPY STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Lalita El Milla
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Powder ◽  
Materials Used

Scaffolds is three dimensional structure that serves as a framework for bone growth. Natural materials are often used in synthesis of bone tissue engineering scaffolds with respect to compliance with the content of the human body. Among the materials used to make scafffold was hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan. Hydroxyapatite powder obtained by mixing phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, alginate powders extracted from brown algae and chitosan powder acetylated from crab. The purpose of this study was to examine the functional groups of hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan. The method used in this study was laboratory experimental using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan powders. The results indicated the presence of functional groups PO43-, O-H and CO32- in hydroxyapatite. In alginate there were O-H, C=O, COOH and C-O-C functional groups, whereas in chitosan there were O-H, N-H, C=O, C-N, and C-O-C. It was concluded that the third material containing functional groups as found in humans that correspond to the scaffolds material in bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Development of Biopolymeric Hybrid Scaffold-Based on AAc/GO/nHAp/TiO2 Nanocomposite for Bone Tissue Engineering: In-Vitro Analysis

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1319
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan ◽  
Wafa Shamsan Al-Arjan ◽  
Mona Saad Binkadem ◽  
Hassan Mehboob ◽  
Adnan Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Nanocomposite Scaffolds

Bone tissue engineering is an advanced field for treatment of fractured bones to restore/regulate biological functions. Biopolymeric/bioceramic-based hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds are potential biomaterials for bone tissue because of biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics. We report synthesis of nanocomposite based on acrylic acid (AAc)/guar gum (GG), nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp NPs), titanium nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), and optimum graphene oxide (GO) amount via free radical polymerization method. Porous scaffolds were fabricated through freeze-drying technique and coated with silver sulphadiazine. Different techniques were used to investigate functional group, crystal structural properties, morphology/elemental properties, porosity, and mechanical properties of fabricated scaffolds. Results show that increasing amount of TiO2 in combination with optimized GO has improved physicochemical and microstructural properties, mechanical properties (compressive strength (2.96 to 13.31 MPa) and Young’s modulus (39.56 to 300.81 MPa)), and porous properties (pore size (256.11 to 107.42 μm) and porosity (79.97 to 44.32%)). After 150 min, silver sulfadiazine release was found to be ~94.1%. In vitro assay of scaffolds also exhibited promising results against mouse pre-osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cell lines. Hence, these fabricated scaffolds would be potential biomaterials for bone tissue engineering in biomedical engineering.

scholarly journals Three-dimensionally printed polycaprolactone/multicomponent bioactive glass scaffolds for potential application in bone tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Amirhosein Fathi ◽  
Farzad Kermani ◽  
Aliasghar Behnamghader ◽  
Sara Banijamali ◽  
Masoud Mozafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Co Doped

AbstractOver the last years, three-dimensional (3D) printing has been successfully applied to produce suitable substitutes for treating bone defects. In this work, 3D printed composite scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL) and strontium (Sr)- and cobalt (Co)-doped multi-component melt-derived bioactive glasses (BGs) were prepared for bone tissue engineering strategies. For this purpose, 30% of as-prepared BG particles (size <38 μm) were incorporated into PCL, and then the obtained composite mix was introduced into a 3D printing machine to fabricate layer-by-layer porous structures with the size of 12 × 12 × 2 mm3.The scaffolds were fully characterized through a series of physico-chemical and biological assays. Adding the BGs to PCL led to an improvement in the compressive strength of the fabricated scaffolds and increased their hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the PCL/BG scaffolds showed apatite-forming ability (i.e., bioactivity behavior) after being immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). The in vitro cellular examinations revealed the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds and confirmed them as suitable substrates for the adhesion and proliferation of MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. In conclusion, 3D printed composite scaffolds made of PCL and Sr- and Co-doped BGs might be potentially-beneficial bone replacements, and the achieved results motivate further research on these materials.

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