Water Tunnel to test and characterization of experimental designs of Hydrokinetics Turbines

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Alvarez-Alvarez ◽  
Aitor Fernandez-Jimenez ◽  
Manuel Rico-Secades ◽  
Antonio Javier Calleja-Rodriguez ◽  
Joaquin Fernandez-Francos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Water Tunnel

Characterization of the Custom-Designed, High Reynolds Number Water Tunnel

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasaman Farsiani ◽  
Brian R. Elbing
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Test Section ◽  
High Reynolds Number ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
Water Tunnel ◽  
Freestream Velocity ◽  
Section Design ◽  
High Reynolds

This paper reports on the characterization of the custom-designed high-Reynolds number recirculating water tunnel located at Oklahoma State University. The characterization includes the verification of the test section design, pump calibration and the velocity distribution within the test section. This includes an assessment of the boundary layer growth within the test section. The tunnel was designed to achieve a downstream distance based Reynolds number of 10 million, provide optical access for flow visualization and minimize inlet flow non-uniformity. The test section is 1 m long with 15.2 cm (6-inch) square cross section and acrylic walls to allow direct line of sight at the tunnel walls. The verification of the test section design was accomplished by comparing the flow quality at different location downstream of the flow inlet. The pump was calibrated with the freestream velocity with three pump frequencies and velocity profiles were measured at defined locations for three pump speeds. Boundary layer thicknesses were measured from velocity profile results and compared with analytical calculations. These measurements were also compared against the facility design calculations.

scholarly journals Characterization of the techno-functional properties of starch from Purple yam (Dioscorea alata), Hawthorn yam (Dioscorea rotundata) and Diamante 22-type yam

DYNA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (207) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Daniel Salgado-Ordosgoitia ◽  
Jhonatan Andrés Rodríguez-Manrique ◽  
Carlos Segundo Cohen-Manrique ◽  
Gean Pablo Mendoza-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Dioscorea Alata ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Swelling Power ◽  
Purple Yam

This study is aimed at evaluating the techno-functional properties of starches from several yam species (Purple yam, Hawthorn yam and Diamante 22-type yam). Analytical procedures were performed according to the methods described by different authors in order to calculate waterabsorption index (WAI), water-solubility index (WSI), swelling power (SP) and syneresis. Likewise, descriptive statistics and experimental designs for interpretation of the results were also performed. The results showed that Hawthorn yam has the highest WAI (15.15 g gel/g sample, at 90°C). While WSI was similar for all species, SP is dependent on the temperature with values of 16.10 g gel/g sample (Purple yam and Hawthorn yam), and 11.25 g gel/g sample at 90°C (Diamante 22-type yam). All yam species underwent progressive reduction in syneresis, which suggests that these types of starches could be used to manufacture foods that require maintaining moisture levels.

scholarly journals Applicability of focused Ion beam (FIB) milling with gallium, neon, and xenon to the fracture toughness characterization of gold thin films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva I. Preiß ◽  
Benoit Merle ◽  
Yuan Xiao ◽  
Florentina Gannott ◽  
Jan P. Liebig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Milling Parameters ◽  
Gold Thin Films ◽  
Ion Species

Abstract Focused ion beam (FIB) milling is an increasingly popular technique for fabricating micro-sized samples for nanomechanical characterization. Previous investigations have cautioned that exposure to a gallium ion beam can significantly alter the mechanical behavior of materials. In the present study, the effects of gallium, neon, and xenon ions are scrutinized. We demonstrate that fracture toughness measurements on freestanding gold thin films are unaffected by the choice of the ion species and milling parameters. This is likely because the crack initiation is controlled by the local microstructure and grain boundaries at the notch, rather than by the damaged area introduced by FIB milling. Additionally, gold is not susceptible to chemical embrittlement by common FIB ion species. This confirms the validity of microscale fracture measurements based on similar experimental designs. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Festa: FLexible EXon-Based SPlicing And TRanscription ANnotation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rago Alfredo ◽  
Cobourne John K.
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Transcript Expression ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Exon Expression

AbstractWe introduce FESTA, an R based algorithm that allows detection of alternative splicing based on experiment-specific exon expression data. FESTA disentangles alternative splicing signal from whole-gene transcription, facilitating the discovery and characterization of novel regulatory events even in the absence of transcript annotations or paired-end data. We also include customization options to increase its applicability on different platforms and experimental designs as well as a tool for the conversion from transcript expression to inclusion ratios.

scholarly journals A Practical Guide to Analyzing and Reporting the Movement of Nanoscale Swimmers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Thomas Mallouk
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
General Public ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Practical Guide ◽  
Widespread Interest

The recent invention of nanoswimmers– synthetic, powered objects with characteristic lengths in the range of 10-500 nm - has sparked widespread interest among scientists and the general public. As more researchers from different backgrounds enter the field, the study of nanoswimmers offers new opportunities but also significant experimental and theoretical challenges. In particular, the accurate characterization of nanoswimmers is often hindered by strong Brownian motion, convective effects, and the lack of a clear way to visualize them. When coupled with improper experimental designs and imprecise practices in data analysis, these issues can translate to results and conclusions that are inconsistent and poorly reproducible. This Perspective follows the course of a typical nanoswimmer investigation from synthesis through to applications and offers suggestions for best practices in reporting experimental details, recording videos, plotting trajectories, calculating and analyzing mobility, eliminating drift, and performing control experiments, in order to improve the reliability of the reported results.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic water tunnel for characterization of hydrokinetic microturbines designs

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1843-1854
Author(s):  
Eduardo Álvarez-Álvarez ◽  
Manuel Rico-Secades ◽  
Aitor Fernández-Jiménez ◽  
Rodolfo Espina-Valdés ◽  
E. L. Corominas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Tunnel

scholarly journals Application of a gloved-hand model for multiparameter measurements of skin-degerming activity

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-413
Author(s):  
R N Michaud ◽  
M B McGrath ◽  
W A Goss
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Hand Model ◽  
Multiple Contacts ◽  
Multiparameter Measurements ◽  
Skin Cleansing ◽  
Single Contact

The application of an established gloved-hand model to multiparameter measurements of skin-degerming activity is described. In particular, appropriate experimental designs are illustrated which allow characterization of performance of topical skin-cleansing preparations in terms of rapid, sustained, cummulative, and persistent skin-degerming effects on the hand. Single-contact studies were used to define the degerming activity profiles of selected commercial surgical scrub preparations, and to establish the optimal post-treatment sampling interval for individual preparations. Rapid and sustained skin-degerming effects were measured and contrasted. Rapid skin-degerming activity, iodophor preparation. Sustained skin-degerming activity, namely, that occurring on the gloved hand during a postcontact interval, was shown and characterized for two hexachlorophene preparations. Multiple-contact studies with a 3% hexachlorophene preparations were used to illustrate cummulative and persistent skin-degerming effects. Cummulative skin-degerming activity was demonstrated in terms of progressive bacterial reductions after repeated contacts within a single day. Presistent skin-degerming activity was shown in terms of the profile of daily pretreatment bacterial counts after multiple contacts over successive days. Uniformity of treatment response was established for a broad range of pretreatment bacterial counts extending from approximatley log 4 to log 7 per hand. The importance of pretreatment bacterial count measurement and of adequate neutralization of hand extract samples is stressed. A randomized-hand experimental design is discussed relative to its versatility and amenability to statistical analysis.

Experimental Methods for Hydrodynamic Characterization of a Very Large Water Tunnel

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1210-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel T. Park ◽  
J. Michael Cutbirth ◽  
Wesley H. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Velocity Component ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Water Tunnel ◽  
Axial Velocity Component ◽  
Spatial Nonuniformity ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Large Water

The methodology for hydrodynamic characterization of a very large water tunnel is described. Results are presented for the U. S. Navy William B. Morgan Large Cavitation Channel in Memphis, Tennessee, the world’s largest water tunnel. Three key characteristics of tunnel velocity were measured: temporal stability̱, spatial uniformity̱, and turbulence̱. The velocity stability at a single point for run times greater than 2 h was measured as ±0.15% at the 95% confidence level for velocities from 0.5 to 18m∕s(1.6–59ft∕s). The spatial nonuniformity for the axial velocity component was ±0.34 to ±0.60% for velocities from 3 to 16m∕s(9.8–52ft∕s). The relative turbulence intensity was measured as 0.2–0.5% depending on tunnel velocity.

scholarly journals A general hidden Markov model for multi-parent populations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl W Broman
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Approximate Model ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Marker Data ◽  
Diversity Outbred ◽  
Precise Characterization ◽  
Dense Marker

A common step in the analysis of multi-parent populations is genotype reconstruction: identifying the founder origin of haplotypes from dense marker data. This process often makes use of a model for the exchange process along chromosomes, including the relative frequency of founder alleles and of the probability of exchanges among them. While the precise experimental design used to generate the population may be used to derive a precise characterization of the exchange process, this can be tedious, particularly given the great variety of experimental designs that have been proposed. We describe an approximate model that can be applied for a variety of multi-parent populations. We have implemented the approach in the R/qtl2 software, and we illustrate its use in applications to publicly available data on Diversity Outbred and Collaborative Cross mice.

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