scholarly journals Phytotechnology applied to municipal wastewater treatment on irrigated fields of Gdansk (Poland) (1872-1992)

2007 ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Piotr Kowalik ◽  
Ziemowit Suligowski
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Couch Grass ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
The City

By I 863 the population of Gdansk was about I 00000 people and the water consumption waspredicted on the level of 100 litres per person a day, which meant about 10000 m3/day ofwastewater. The water supply and sewerage systems were completed in I 869-1871 and thewastewater treatment plant built in I 872 (it was situated 3 km from the city), The wastewatertreatment plant consisted of the 320 ha of the irrigation fields of Sianki, These fields werenever used for agriculture. Sand dunes were levelled and ditches were constructed on 2 levels.Ditches on the upper level received wastewater, while those at the lower level served to draintreated wastewater. From the upper ditches wastewater was distributed to flood and irrigatesandy soils covered by grass. The hydraulic load was above 3000 mm per year in I 872,increasing year after year and ending with 8000 mm per year in 1972. Efficiency of pollutionremoval was 80%, The irrigation fields on sandy dunes served well until the 1970s, when theplant was overloaded, neglected and included into the industrial area of harbour. Fields werecovered by grass monoculture for hay production of couch-grass (Agrophyrum repens). In thelocations of local sedimentation of sewage sludge the monoculture of nettle (Urtica) wasdeveloped. Due to the poor management, more and more wastewater was flowing on thesurface of the fields, instead of infiltrating and percolating through the sandy soil, whichreduced their purification efficiency from 80 to 10%. During the period of 1992-1994 theplant was closed after 120 years of continuous use.

Technical and experimental evaluation of an innovative decentralized technology for the municipal wastewater treatment in the city of Rome

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 956-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostina Chiavola ◽  
Piero Sirini ◽  
Sandro Cecili
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The City ◽  
Aerobic Sludge ◽  
New System

The present paper shows the results obtained through an experimental activity carried out on a pilot-scale plant using an innovative technology which couples the granular aerobic sludge with the sequencing batch process. Treatment efficiency and operation costs were evaluated in order to assess feasibility of this new technology for the upgrading of the existing continuous flow activated sludge treatment plant located in Casal Monastero, a decentralized area of the City of Rome. During start-up (about 3 months), the granular aerobic sludge was developed by controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration, the value of pH and the up-flow velocity. Besides, the influent organic loading was progressively increased starting from 0.1 kg/m3 d up to 0.9 kg/m3 d. In order to improve nitrogen removal, an anoxic phase was temporary added to the operative cycle. Complete development of the granular sludge determined an appreciable improvement of the denitrification process which allowed to eliminate the anoxic phase. At regime conditions, the plant was operated with 3 daily cycles, each one of 8 h. The new system showed a reduced sludge production (of about 20–35%) as compared to the existing plant, along with high removal efficiency of both Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and nitrogen. However, the operation was discontinuous and strictly related to the strength of the granular sludge. Therefore, a careful monitoring is recommended in order to control operation and performance of this new system.

Treatment of Domestic Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor with Bubbleless Aeration

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 833-836
Author(s):  
Bo Quan Jiang ◽  
Yu De Liu ◽  
Jiang Nan Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rubber Membrane ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
Plate Type

An experiment was carried out to use plate–type silicone rubber membrane equipped bioreactor with bubbleless oxygen supplying for the treatment of domestic sewage. The effects of hydraulic load, CODcr entrance concentration and oxygen pressure on the discharge concentrations of CODcr, BOD5 and NH3-N were investigated. The results showed that the discharge concentrations of the three pollutants were 18.6 mg· L-1, 9.33 mg· L-1 and 3.56 mg·L-1 respectively when hydraulic load was 0. 25 m3·m -2·h-1 and entrance concentrations of CODCr , BOD5 and NH3-N were 220 mg·L-1 , 140 mg·L-1 and 45 mg·L-1, respectively. These values are lower than the standard ones regulated in the 《Emission Standards of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant 》(GB/18918-2002) issued by Chinese government . The degrading dynamic models of CODcr and BOD5 were established and proved to be basically consistent with the experiment values.

WASTEWATER DISINFECTION BY UV AT TRANI MUNICIPAL PLANT

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Carnimeo ◽  
E. Contini ◽  
R. Di Marino ◽  
F. Donadio ◽  
L. Liberti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Wastewater Disinfection ◽  
Pilot Investigation ◽  
Effluent Characteristics

The pilot investigation on the use of UV as an alternative disinfectant to NaOCI was started in 1992 at Trani (South Italy) municipal wastewater treatment plant (335 m3/h). The results collected after six months continuous operation enabled us to compare UV and NaOCl disinfection effectiveness on the basis of secondary effluent characteristics, quantify photoreactivation effects, evidence possible DBP formation and assess costs.

Performance of hybrid small wastewater treatment system consisting of jet mixed separator and rotating biological contactor

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimasa Watanabe ◽  
Yoshihiko Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment System ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Organic Particles

This paper describes a pilot plant study on the performance of a hybrid small municipal wastewater treatment system consisting of a jet mixed separator(JMS) and upgraded RBC. The JMS was used as a pre-treatment of the RBC instead of the primary clarifier. The treatment capacity of the system was fixed at 100 m3/d, corresponding to the hydraulic loading to the RBC of 117 L/m2/d. The effluent from the grid chamber at a municipal wastewater treatment plant was fed into the hybrid system. The RBC was operated using the electric power produced by a solar electric generation panel with a surface area of 8 m2 under enough sunlight. In order to reduce the organic loading to the RBC, polyaluminium chloride(PAC) was added to the JMS influent to remove the colloidal and suspended organic particles. At the operational condition where the A1 dosage and hydraulic retention time of the JMS were fixed at 5 g/m3 and 45 min., respectively, the average effluent water quality of hybrid system was as follows: TOC=8 g/m3, Total BOD=8 g/m3, SS=8 g/m3, Turbidity=6 TU, NH4-N=7 g/m3, T-P=0.5 g/m3. In this operating condition, electric power consumption of the RBC for treating unit volume of wastewater is only 0.07 KWH/m3.

Treatment of Rural Domestic Sewage by Solar Ozonic Ecological Sewage Treatment Plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3393-3399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Yan Ming Yang ◽  
Yun Long Li ◽  
Jian Qiu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Average Percentage

The process technique and design parameters of project of Solar Ozonic Ecological Sewage Treatment Plant (short for SOESTP) which consists of anaerobic reactor, horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetlands(CWs) and the combination of solar power and ozone disinfection are described, the paper further examines the removal efficiency for treating rural domestic sewage, running expense and recycling ability of product water. The results show that the average percentage removal values of CODcr，BOD5，SS，TN，NH3-N，TP range from 95.6% to 98.0%, 96.0% to 98.7%, 93.1% to 96.1%, 97.0% to 98.9%, 96.9% to 99.5%, 98.2% to 99.6%, respectively, the reduction of fecal coliform (FC) reaches 99.9%, the effluent quality meets the first level A criteria specified in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant（GB18918-2002）. The running cost of SOESTP is 0.063yuan/ m3, saves much more than traditional sewage treatment, and the ozone water obtained from the reservoir will be an ideal choice for disinfection .The system has characteristics of easy manipulation, low operating cost, achieving advanced water, energy conservation and environment protection, is thought to be very suitable for use as the promotion of rural small - scale sewage treatment.

scholarly journals Assessment of Microplastics in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant with Tertiary Treatment: Removal Efficiencies and Loading per Day into the Environment

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Javier Bayo ◽  
Sonia Olmos ◽  
Joaquín López-Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Wastewater Samples

This study investigates the removal of microplastics from wastewater in an urban wastewater treatment plant located in Southeast Spain, including an oxidation ditch, rapid sand filtration, and ultraviolet disinfection. A total of 146.73 L of wastewater samples from influent and effluent were processed, following a density separation methodology, visual classification under a stereomicroscope, and FTIR analysis for polymer identification. Microplastics proved to be 72.41% of total microparticles collected, with a global removal rate of 64.26% after the tertiary treatment and within the average retention for European WWTPs. Three different shapes were identified: i.e., microfiber (79.65%), film (11.26%), and fragment (9.09%), without the identification of microbeads despite the proximity to a plastic compounding factory. Fibers were less efficiently removed (56.16%) than particulate microplastics (90.03%), suggesting that tertiary treatments clearly discriminate between forms, and reporting a daily emission of 1.6 × 107 microplastics to the environment. Year variability in microplastic burden was cushioned at the effluent, reporting a stable performance of the sewage plant. Eight different polymer families were identified, LDPE film being the most abundant form, with 10 different colors and sizes mainly between 1–2 mm. Future efforts should be dedicated to source control, plastic waste management, improvement of legislation, and specific microplastic-targeted treatment units, especially for microfiber removal.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria ESKAPE among Healthy People Estimated by Monitoring of Municipal Wastewater

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Masateru Nishiyama ◽  
Susan Praise ◽  
Keiichi Tsurumaki ◽  
Hiroaki Baba ◽  
Hajime Kanamori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
General Population ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Wastewater Samples

There is increasing attention toward factors that potentially contribute to antibiotic resistance (AR), as well as an interest in exploring the emergence and occurrence of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB). We monitored six ARBs that cause hospital outbreaks in wastewater influent to highlight the presence of these ARBs in the general population. We analyzed wastewater samples from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP) and hospital wastewater (HW) for six species of ARB: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteria (CARBA), extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteria (ESBL), multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter (MDRA), multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRP), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). We registered a high percentage of ARBs in MWWTP samples (>66%) for all ARBs except for MDRP, indicating a high prevalence in the population. Percentages in HW samples were low (<78%), and no VRE was detected throughout the study. CARBA and ESBL were detected in all wastewater samples, whereas MDRA and MRSA had a high abundance. This result demonstrated the functionality of using raw wastewater at MWWTP to monitor the presence and extent of ARB in healthy populations. This kind of surveillance will contribute to strengthening the efforts toward reducing ARBs through the detection of ARBs to which the general population is exposed.

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