scholarly journals Amount of Daily Protein Intake Is Not Associated with Skeletal Muscle Strength in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Ha-Na Kim ◽  
Sang-Wook Song
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Strength

scholarly journals Combined Training Enhances Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity Independent of Age

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 1654-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Irving ◽  
Ian R. Lanza ◽  
Gregory C. Henderson ◽  
Rajesh R. Rao ◽  
Bruce M. Spiegelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Mitochondrial Proteins ◽  
Combined Training ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Strength

Context: Skeletal muscle from sedentary older adults exhibits reduced mitochondrial abundance and oxidative capacity. Objective: The primary objective was to determine whether 8 weeks of combined training (CT) has a more robust effect than endurance training (ET) or resistance training (RT) on mitochondrial physiology in healthy young (18–30 years) and older (≥65 years) adults. Intervention: Thirty-four young and 31 older adults were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of ET, RT, and control/CT. Control subjects completed 8 weeks of no exercise (control) followed by 8 weeks of CT. Body composition, skeletal muscle strength, and peak oxygen uptake were measured before and after the intervention. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were obtained before and 48 hours after the intervention. Mitochondrial physiology was evaluated by high-resolution respirometry and expression of mitochondrial proteins and transcription factors by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting. Results: ET and CT significantly increased oxidative capacity and expression of mitochondrial proteins and transcription factors. All training modalities improved body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and skeletal muscle strength. CT induced the most robust improvements in mitochondria-related outcomes and physical characteristics despite lower training volumes for the ET and RT components. Importantly, most of the adaptations to training occurred independent of age. Conclusion: Collectively, these results demonstrate that both ET and CT increase muscle mitochondrial abundance and capacity although CT induced the most robust improvements in the outcomes measured. In conclusion, CT provides a robust exercise regimen to improve muscle mitochondrial outcomes and physical characteristics independent of age.

scholarly journals The Loss of Skeletal Muscle Strength, Mass, and Quality in Older Adults: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1059-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Goodpaster ◽  
S. W. Park ◽  
T. B. Harris ◽  
S. B. Kritchevsky ◽  
M. Nevitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Body Composition Study ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Composition Study ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Strength

Exercise training increases skeletal muscle strength independent of hypertrophy in older adults aged 75 years and older

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hojun Lee ◽  
In-Gyu Kim ◽  
Changsu Sung ◽  
Tae-Bong Jeon ◽  
Kibum Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Strength

scholarly journals Establishment of the Prediction Equations of 1RM Skeletal Muscle Strength in 60- to 75-Year-Old Chinese Men and Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijie Tan ◽  
Jianxiong Wang ◽  
Shanshan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
The One ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Strength

The purpose of this study was to establish the one-repetition maximum (1RM) prediction equations of a biceps curl, bench press, and squat from the submaximal skeletal muscle strength of 4–10RM or 11–15RM in older adults. The first group of 109 participants aged 60–75 years was recruited to measure their 1RM, 4–10RM, and 11–15RM of the three exercises. The 1RM prediction equations were developed by multiple regression analyses. A second group of participants with similar physical characteristics to the first group was used to evaluate the equations. The actual measured 1RM of the second group correlated significantly to the predicted 1RM obtained from the equations (r values were from .633–.985), and standard error of estimate ranged from 1.08–5.88. Therefore, the equations can be used to predict 1RM from submaximal skeletal muscle strength accurately for older adults.

scholarly journals Accelerated Loss of Skeletal Muscle Strength in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1507-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Park ◽  
B. H. Goodpaster ◽  
E. S. Strotmeyer ◽  
L. H. Kuller ◽  
R. Broudeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Body Composition Study ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Composition Study ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Strength

CIRCULATING INTERLEUKIN-6 IS ASSOCIATED WITH SKELETAL MUSCLE STRENGTH, QUALITY, AND FUNCTIONAL ADAPTATION WITH EXERCISE TRAINING IN MOBILITY-LIMITED OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
G.J. Grosicki ◽  
B.B. Barrett ◽  
D.A. Englund ◽  
C. Liu ◽  
T.G. Travison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Specific Force ◽  
Muscle Health ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Strength

Background: Human aging is characterized by a chronic, low-grade inflammation suspected to contribute to reductions in skeletal muscle size, strength, and function. Inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), may play a role in the reduced skeletal muscle adaptive response seen in older individuals. Objectives: To investigate relationships between circulating IL-6, skeletal muscle health and exercise adaptation in mobility-limited older adults. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Exercise laboratory on the Health Sciences campus of an urban university. Participants: 99 mobility-limited (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) ≤9) older adults. Intervention: 6-month structured physical activity with or without a protein and vitamin D nutritional supplement. Measurements: Circulating IL-6, skeletal muscle size, composition (percent normal density muscle tissue), strength, power, and specific force (strength/CSA) as well as physical function (gait speed, stair climb time, SPPB-score) were measured pre- and post-intervention. Results: At baseline, Spearman’s correlations demonstrated an inverse relationship (P<0.05) between circulating IL-6 and thigh muscle composition (r = -0.201), strength (r = -0.311), power (r = -0.210), and specific force (r = -0.248), and positive association between IL-6 and stair climb time (r = 0.256; P<0.05). Although the training program did not affect circulating IL-6 levels (P=0.69), reductions in IL-6 were associated with gait speed improvements (r = -0.487; P<0.05) in “higher” IL-6 individuals (>1.36 pg/ml). Moreover, baseline IL-6 was inversely associated (P<0.05) with gains in appendicular lean mass and improvements in SPPB score (r = -0.211 and -0.237, respectively). Conclusions: These findings implicate age-related increases in circulating IL-6 as an important contributor to declines in skeletal muscle strength, quality, function, and training-mediated adaptation. Given the pervasive nature of inflammation among older adults, novel therapeutic strategies to reduce IL-6 as a means of preserving skeletal muscle health are enticing.

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