scholarly journals Infection Control in Triage Space of Emergency Room: Based on Analysis of Healthcare Facility Standards

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joong-gi Kim ◽  
Hyun-Bo Seo
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Healthcare Facility

scholarly journals Aggressive Colonization Screening and Infection Control Measures in Containment of NDM-5 Carbapenemase-Producing CRE

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s458-s459
Author(s):  
Ishrat Kamal-Ahmed ◽  
Kate Tyner ◽  
Teresa Fitzgerald ◽  
Heather Adele Moulton-Meissner ◽  
Gillian McAllister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Acute Care Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Culture ◽  
Medical Histories ◽  
Asymptomatic Case

Background: In April 2019, Nebraska Public Health Laboratory identified an NDM-producing Enterobacter cloacae from a urine sample from a rehabilitation inpatient who had recently received care in a specialized unit (unit A) of an acute-care hospital (ACH-A). After additional infections occurred at ACH-A, we conducted a public health investigation to contain spread. Methods: A case was defined as isolation of NDM-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) from a patient with history of admission to ACH-A in 2019. We conducted clinical culture surveillance, and we offered colonization screening for carbapenemase-producing organisms to all patients admitted to unit A since February 2019. We assessed healthcare facility infection control practices in ACH-A and epidemiologically linked facilities by visits from the ICAP (Infection Control Assessment and Promotion) Program. The recent medical histories of case patients were reviewed. Isolates were evaluated by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Results: Through June 2019, 7 cases were identified from 6 case patients: 4 from clinical cultures and 3 from 258 colonization screens including 1 prior unit A patient detected as an outpatient (Fig. 1). Organisms isolated were Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 5), E. cloacae (n = 1), and Citrobacter freundii (n = 1); 1 patient had both NDM-producing K. pneumoniae and C. freundii. Also, 5 case patients had overlapping stays in unit A during February–May 2019 (Fig. 2); common exposures in unit A included rooms in close proximity, inhabiting the same room at different times and shared caregivers. One case-patient was not admitted to unit A but shared caregivers, equipment, and devices (including a colonoscope) with other case patients while admitted to other ACH-A units. No case patients reported travel outside the United States. Screening at epidemiologically linked facilities and clinical culture surveillance showed no evidence of transmission beyond ACH-A. Infection control assessments at ACH-A revealed deficiencies in hand hygiene, contact precautions adherence, and incomplete cleaning of shared equipment within and used to transport to/from a treatment room in unit A. Following implementation of recommended infection control interventions, no further cases were identified. Finally, 5 K. pneumoniae of ST-273 were related by WGS including carriage of NDM-5 and IncX3 plasmid supporting transmission of this strain. Further analysis is required to relate IncX3 plasmid carriage and potential transmission to other organisms and sequence types identified in this study. Conclusions: We identified a multiorganism outbreak of NDM-5–producing CRE in an ACH specialty care unit. Transmission was controlled through improved infection control practices and extensive colonization screening to identify asymptomatic case-patients. Multiple species with NDM-5 were identified, highlighting the potential role of genotype-based surveillance.Funding: NoneDisclosures: Muhammad Salman Ashraf reports that he is the principal investigator for a study funded by an investigator-initiated research grant.

Hospital-acquired infection awareness and control practices among healthcare staff: an evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 296-302
Author(s):  
Pallavi Saraswat ◽  
Rajnarayan R Tiwari ◽  
Muralidhar Varma ◽  
Sameer Phadnis ◽  
Monica Sindhu
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background/Aims Hospital-acquired infections pose a risk to the wellbeing of both patients and staff. They are largely preventable, particularly if hospital staff have adequate knowledge of and adherence to infection control policies. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, awareness and practice of hospital-acquired infection control measures among hospital staff. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 71 staff members in a tertiary healthcare facility in Karnataka, India. The researchers distributed a questionnaire containing 33 questions regarding knowledge of hospital-acquired infections, awareness of infection control policies and adherence to control practices. The results were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 16.0 and a Kruskal–Wallis test. Results Respondents' mean percentage score on the knowledge of hospital-acquired infections section was 72%. Their mean percentage scores on the awareness and practice of infection prevention measures sections were 82% and 77% respectively. Doctors and those with more years of experience typically scored higher. Conclusion The respondents had an acceptable level of knowledge, awareness and adherence to infection control practices. However, continued training is essential in the prevention of hospital-acquired infections. The majority of the respondents stated that they were willing to undertake training in this area, and this opportunity should be provided in order to improve infection control quality.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge and Practices of Standard Precaution against Blood Borne Pathogens among Doctors and Nurses at Adult Emergency Room in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohanis Asmr ◽  
Lemlem Beza ◽  
Hywot Engida ◽  
Tariku Bekelcho ◽  
Netsanet Tsegaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Practice Level ◽  
Standard Precaution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Background. Standard precautions are infection control techniques against pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. Objective. This study aims to assess knowledge and practice of standard precautions against blood borne pathogens among doctors and nurses in adult emergency room, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted from February to March 2018. A total of 128 study participants selected from four public hospitals were enrolled in this study. Data were collected using standardized pretested questionnaire and thencoded, entered, checked for completeness, and analyzed using SPSS version-23 statisticalsoftware. Chi-square test was used to measure the association between variables. P values <0.05 were taken as statistically significant. Result. The mean knowledge score of standard precaution measures was 10.3 out of 14 knowledge items. Out of 32 doctors, 93.8% (n=30) have good knowledge and out of 91 nurses, 86.8% (n=79) have good knowledge. The mean practice level of the study subjects was 8.5 out of 12 practice items. Majority (73.6%) of nurses have good practice level than doctors (21.8%). Knowledge level was significantly associated with the presence of infection control officer, infection control guideline, and washing hands before touching patients. Profession, training, and the presence of infection control guideline in emergency room were significantly associated with practice level of respondents (P<0.05). Conclusion. Both nurses and doctors have good knowledge of standard precaution measures. However, nurses have better practice level than doctors. Orientation during employment and continuous training programs should be provided for the newly employed health workers. In addition sustainable supply systems should be available in each hospital management.

scholarly journals 2852. Epidemiology of Emerging Carbapenemase-Producing Organisms (CPO) in Chicago, Illinois, 2013–2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S73-S74
Author(s):  
Massimo Pacilli ◽  
Hira Adil ◽  
Kelly Walblay ◽  
Shannon N Xydis ◽  
Whitney Clegg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Nursing Facilities ◽  
Skilled Nursing ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Chicago Area

Abstract Background Emerging CPO in the Chicago area poses clinical and infection control challenges across the spectrum of care. Since November 2013, CPO are reportable to the Illinois’ Extensively Drug-resistant Organism (XDRO) registry. We examined trends in mechanism of resistance (MOR) among CPO reported through December 2018. Methods MOR reported into the XDRO registry were identified by clinical laboratories performing molecular methods on routine clinical cultures, by public health laboratories during point prevalence surveys (PPS) in response to clusters and as part of a project to assess CPO prevalence in high-risk Chicago area healthcare settings. Chicago patients with known MOR other than Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) are investigated by Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) to implement containment strategies and identify risk factors within 6 months of culture date. Results MOR was identified in 40% (1,216/3,587) of CPO-positive specimens collected from unique Chicago patients; 87% were KPC, 7% New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), 5% Verona integron-mediated metallo-β-lactamase (VIM), 0.6% OXA-48-type carbapenemases, and 0.01% Imipenemase metallo-β-lactamase (IMP) (figure). Since 2017, 15 patients with CPO expressed more than one MOR; 14 were identified during PPS at ventilator capable skilled nursing facilities (vSNF) or long-term acute care hospitals (LTACH), and one was hospitalized in India. Among 156 patients with non-KPC CPO, the median age was 64 years (range, 20–97), 107 (69%) were identified from rectal screening and 49 (31%) were from clinical specimens, most of which were urine 23 (47%) or blood 6 (12%). Among 134 patients with risk factor history, 64% had history of tracheostomy (Table 1). Among 113 patients without documented travel outside of the United States, all stayed overnight at an Illinois healthcare facility; 62% stayed in a vSNF and 24% in an LTACH within 6 months of identification (Table 2). Conclusion We have increasingly detected non-KPC CPO in Chicago; however, estimates of prevalence are limited by lack of systematic surveillance and molecular testing. The high proportion of CPO patients without travel who stayed in vSNF or LTACH underscores the need for infection control training and surveillance in these settings. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.

scholarly journals A Study of Hospital Infection Control Program against Normative Weighted Criteria at a Large Public Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-132
Author(s):  
Sunil Kant ◽  
Jitender Mehta ◽  
Sanjay Arya ◽  
Shakti Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
Hospital Acquired

ABSTRACT Hospital infection control programs are important for prevention and control of hospital acquired infection in a healthcare facility. An evaluatory study was done to measure the quality dimensions of hospital infection control program in a public hospital to compare the program implementation in different speciality centers against the normative weighted criteria developed by Gupta and Kant (2002). Result showed variations in infection control program activities in various speciality centers. A centralized administration of infection control program and emphasis on more training and education is recommended. How to cite this article Mehta J, Arya S, Kant S, Gupta SK. A Study of Hospital Infection Control Program against Normative Weighted Criteria at a Large Public Hospital. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2014;2(2):130-132.

scholarly journals 414. Observed Time Burden with Nursing Practices in an Emergency Room COVID-19 Isolation Zone at a University Affiliated Hospital in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S307-S308
Author(s):  
Imyoung Choi ◽  
JaHyun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Nursing Management ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Time Burden ◽  
Practice Time

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused great burdens on emergency room (ER) and front-line ER healthcare personnel faced with great challenges, including threats to their safety. This study aimed to provide a basis for additional workload of ER nurses who are charged with providing care for COVID-19 confirmed or suspicious cases. Table 1. Summary of Frequency and Time Burden with Nursing Practices in an Emergency Room COVID-19 Isolation Zone. Note. IV, intravenous; IM, intramuscular; ID, intradermal; SC, subcutaneous; PPE, personal protective equipment; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation Methods With institutional review board approval, we recruited ER nurses who were assigned to COVID-19 isolation zone with more than 6 months’ ER work experience. After their demographic information were collected through a questionnaire, their nursing practices and practice time during their 1 shift (day or evening) were recorded by one researcher using a stopwatch and an observation form. For each observation shift, unit-related information was collected, including the numbers of hospitalized patients, admission, discharge, and transfer of patients. For each nursing practice, frequency and total time spent were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS 26.0 program. Results From January 4 to February 22, 2021, a total 18 nurses (27.4 years old on average with 25.2 months of ER experience) were observed from 20 different shifts. During the observation period, the average number of nurses’ working hours was 8.27 ± 0.39 hours. A total of 6,567 tasks were monitored with 337,703 seconds (93.81 hours) of the total time spent. Infection control practices were most frequent (33.88%) followed by nursing management (27.80%), assessment and observation (11.07%), medication (10.35%), pre and post examination care(4.86%), education (4.37%), communication (4.10%), safety care (1.10%), and others (0.03; Table 1). Nursing management (e.g., nursing recording) was most time-consuming (49.29%) followed by assessment and observation (15.03%), medication (12.94%), patient education (6.10%), infection control (5.30%), and safety care (1.64%). Conclusion This study showed that infection control practices were most frequent while time spent was relatively insignificant among ER nurses in charge of COVID-19 isolation zones. Further studies for more observations or with different study designs at other ER settings are necessary to understand nurse’s burdens with COVID-19 emergency care. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Coronavirus Pandemic- The real lessons are learnt in the time of crises

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1011-1014
Author(s):  
Rathi Saurabh D ◽  
Nikhade P ◽  
Motwani N ◽  
Baror S ◽  
Jaiswal A
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Standard Equipment ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Private Care

The world for every human has changed in the past few months, with one single reason for all- nCOVID-19. Coronavirus had left a significant impact on our life as an individual and as a nation. Every sector in the country is affected, and every situation deemed changed from the previous one. Post-Covid is a new era in itself. This pandemic had helped us to show our inefficiencies in different sectors and profession, including healthcare facilities. Change in the healthcare facility has to be focused. Indian health care facility is based on private care, whereas the pandemic requires public health care approach. The focus needs to be shifted from personal care to community-based care. The annual budget for health welfare is 1-2 per cent of the GDP, which in the future should be increased. More investment, more funds, and more number of doctors can help to combat with such crises efficiently. India has poor infection control standards and policies. Strict infection control measures, standard equipment and training of the paramedics and other healthcare workers are the areas that we can improve. This article highlights the lessons our healthcare facility can learn from this coronavirus pandemic and changes that await for our healthcare system.

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