RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MODE PARAMETERS OF THE WATER-VACUUM EXTRACTION PROCESS ON THE YIELD OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES INONOTUS OBLIQUUS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Safin ◽  
Shamil Mukhametzyanov ◽  
Albina Safina ◽  
Nour Galyavetdinov ◽  
Valeriy Gubernatorov
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Vacuum Extraction ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Active Substances

Inonotus obliquus or chaga birch mushroom has a fairly wide range of applications in the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries due to the wide range of biologically active substances it contains. The analysis of foreign and domestic studies testifies to the ongoing research in the field of extraction of valuable components from chaga, however, issues of intensification of processes and the development of new methods of extraction remain topical. One of these methods is the water-vacuum extraction of chaga, which consists in alternating the stages of the process at atmospheric and reduced pressure. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal time parameters of the individual stages of the water-vacuum extraction of chaga to optimize the operating parameters of the process. The object of the study was chaga collected in forest plantations in central Russia in the spring season, and crushed to particles ranging in size from 0.1 to 1.2 mm. The experiments were carried out on a laboratory version of a vacuum extraction unit, which allows for the classical infusion and extraction of chaga at various variations in the pressure of the medium. Studies have shown that preliminary evacuation of dry raw materials and the introduction of a rarefied medium into the process of water extraction of chaga makes it possible to intensify the extraction process and has a positive effect on the yield and activity of extractive substances. It has been established that the preliminary evacuation of crushed chaga makes it possible to increase the efficiency of subsequent extraction and to increase the yield of valuable components by 15-18%. The optimal time for this stage was 5 minutes. The effective duration of the infusion step at atmospheric pressure was 30 minutes, and the subsequent evacuation is expediently carried out for 10 minutes. Based on the results of the presented work, the optimal scheme for carrying out the process of water-vacuum extraction of chaga was determined.

scholarly journals VARIATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF BOG BLUEBERRY (VACCINIUM ULIGINOSUM L.) WHEN INTRODUCING

2018 ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Татьяна (Tat'yana) Ивановна (Ivanovna) Снакина (Snakina) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'yana) Абдулхаиловна (Аbdulkhailovna) Кукушкина (Kukushkina)
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Study ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Active Substances

Bog blueberry berries are a source material for food and pharmaceutical industries. However, industrial harvesting of bog blueberry is hardly carried out as plants grow in hard-to-access areas and safekeeping of berries is low during transportation to the processing plants.Special-purpose plantations of bog blueberry at the processing plants may solve the problem. To do this would require planting material noted for a high content of biologically active substances. Central Siberian Botanical Garden is a leading center of introduction and breeding of blueberry in Russia.In this connection, biochemical study of dry substance, ascorbic acid, sugars, acids, anthocyans, catechins, pectins and protopectins of berries of promising bog blueberry forms was conducted in the forest-steppe zone of West Siberia in 2011–2015.The results of research showed a wide range of variability of chemical characters due to individual peculiarities of bog blueberry forms and weather conditions in various years. Protopectins, catechins and pectins exhibited the greatest interannual distinctions.Bog blueberry samples with the greatest content of biologically active substances which can be recommended as planting material for creation of production plantations were revealed.

The content of decenoic acids in drone brood preparations and combined preparations based on it

Biomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-393
Author(s):  
D.V. Mitrofanov ◽  
N.V. Budnikova
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Drone Brood ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Melanin Complex

The drone brood contains a large number of substances with antioxidant activity. These substances require stabilization and strict adherence to storage conditions. Among these substances are unique decenoic acids, the content of which is an indicator of the quality of drone brood and products based on it. The ability of drone brood to reduce the manifestations of oxidative stress is shown. There are dietary supplements for food and drugs based on drone brood, which are used for a wide range of diseases. Together with drone brood, chitosan-containing products, propolis, royal jelly can be used. They enrich the composition with their own biologically active substances and affect the preservation of the biologically active substances of the drone brood. Promising are the products containing, in addition to the drone brood, a chitin-chitosan-melanin complex from bees, propolis, royal jelly. The chitin-chitosan-melanin complex in the amount of 5% in the composition of the adsorbent practically does not affect the preservation of decenic acids, while in the amount of 2% and 10% it somewhat worsens. The acid-soluble and water-soluble chitosan of marine crustaceans significantly worsens the preservation of decenoic acids in the product. Drone brood with royal jelly demonstrates a rather high content of decenoic acids. When propolis is introduced into the composition of the product, the content of decenoic acids increases according to the content of propolis.

scholarly journals Biologically Active Substances of Siberian Medical Plants in Functional Wgey-Based Drinks

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Светлана Иванова ◽  
Svetlana Ivanova ◽  
Ирина Милентьева ◽  
Irina Milenteva ◽  
Людмила Асякина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Rhaponticum Carthamoides ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Mineral Base

The use of infusions and extracts from domestic plant materials is a promising direction in the development of functional beverages since they contain a wide range of substances of various pharmacological properties. Drinks fortified with physiologically active natural components maintain a certain level of this content in human body. They can have a healing or prophylactic effect. However, there is a lack of technologies for the effective production of biologically active substances from plant materials. Moreover, the development of cultivated botanical medicinal plant species remains quite poor. The present study features the qualitative and quantitative composition of biologically active substances of medicinal plants that are endemics of Siberia. They are Rhodiola rosea (Rhodiola rosea L.) and maral root (Rhaponticum carthamoides). The paper introduces a method for increasing their biosynthetic activity. An experiment helped to select a composition of the nutrient medium for the cultivation of callus cultures of Rhodiola rosea (Rhodiola rosea L.) and maral root (Rhaponticum carthamoides) in vitro, which contributed to an increase in the biosynthesis of biologically active substances. For callus cultures of Rhodiola Rosea (line R.r-1k) the following composition was used: mineral base – MS; sucrose – 30 g; inositol – 100 mg; thiamine – 1.0 mg; pyridoxine – 1.0 mg; Ca-panthetonate – 10 mg; kinetin – 0.05 g; naphthyl acetic acid – 0.1 g; 2.4-D – 0.5. For callus cultures of maral root (line R.c -2k): mineral base – SH; sucrose – 30 g; inositol – 100 mg; thiamine – 5.0 mg; pyridoxine – 0.5 mg; nicotinic acid – 5.0 mg; kinetin – 0.1 g; indoleacetic acid – 1.0 g. The authors developed a technology for the production of functional whey-based tonic drink fortified with extract of carotenoids isolated from the fruits of mountain ash and the extract of biologically active substances Rhodiola rosea and maral root. The presence of biologically active substances in the plant and medicinal raw materials gives the drink antioxidant and bactericidal properties, as well as helps to raise the overall state of the organizm and strengthen the immune system.

scholarly journals THE OPTIMIZING THE EXTRACTION PROCESS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OBTAINED FROM DANDELION LEAVES (TARAXACUM OFFICINALE WIGG)

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kosogolova ◽  
Bogdana Polishchuk ◽  
Iryna Kryvutenko ◽  
Kateryna Yablonska ◽  
Zoriana Romanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Substances

scholarly journals Comparative study of technologies for extraction of biologically active substances from the raw material of animal origin

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
E. R. Vasilevskaya ◽  
M. A. Aryuzina ◽  
E. S. Vetrova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid Solution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances

Technologies of isolation and concentration of biologically active substances, developed in the middle of the 20th century, need adjustment and adaptation to modern conditions both to increase the activity of substances and for greater economic efficiency. The aim of the research is the comparison of dynamics of biologically active compounds extraction from porcines pancreas in two methods: the saline method based on 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and the acidic method based on 2.4% trichloroacetic acid solution. Also the purpose of research is to assess the possibilities for further optimization of technologies. The total protein concentration based on the biuret reaction in the samples taken during the extraction, as well as the calculation and analysis of the point degrees and rates of extraction are chosen as the controlled parameters. Local maxima of the protein yields into the extractant media at the 60th, 135th and 255th minute were recorded during saline extraction; and at the 75th and 135th minute during acid extraction. Also the proteomic profile of the extracts was studied. Wide range of compounds with molecular weight of less than 52 kDa was found in extracts based on physiological saline solution, and protein substances of whole presented range of molecular weights in trichloroacetic acid based extracts were considered. The predominance of low molecular weight protein fraction of interest was noted also in this method of extraction in comparison with the other methods of extraction. According to the UniProt database, we assume availability of probable compounds with a molecular weight of less than 30 kDa in the purified acidic extract. The presence of some proteins absent in the final saline extract was noted. The acidic erythrograms showed a weak degrading effect of both types of extracts on the membranes of rat erythrocytes, as well as the cytoprotective effect of acidic ultrafiltrates (less than 3 kDa). The obtained results prove a better efficiency of trichloroacetic acid extraction method used for obtaining a mixture of a wide range of compounds, including biologically active substances of low molecular weight.

scholarly journals Extraction of Plant Pigments from Local Raw Materials

2019 ◽  
pp. 522-530
Author(s):  
Natalya Kostina ◽  
Tatiana Podlegaeva ◽  
Irina Sergeeva
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Residual Pressure ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Green Pigments ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Violation of the ecological balance and modern processing methods may result in a lower content of important nutrients in food. Therefore, there is a need to restore the balance of biologically active substances in food products. In this regard, it seems appropriate to use plant materials that contain biologically active substances, as well as pigments. The use of aromatic plants for these purposes remains understudied. The research objective was to extract chlorophyll-based green pigments based from green plants. Study objects and methods. The object of the study was dried parsley (Petroselinum vulgare). The extractants included acetone, ethyl alcohol (95%), hexane, petroleum ether, and chloroform. Results and discussion. The extractants were chosen according to the total content of chlorophylls, which determine the color of the extract. Since carotenoids are extracted along with chlorophylls, the content of this component was also determined. Acetone demonstrated the maximum degree of chlorophyll recovery. However, this solvent cannot be used in food industry. Therefore, 95% ethanol, which also showed a high degree of chlorophyll extraction, was chosen as the extractant. A set of experiments made it possible to establish the ratio of feedstock and extractant as 1:60 (three times extraction with a mass ratio of parsley and extract); the optimal time of each extraction was 0.5 ± 0.1 h. Magnesium carbonate (MgCO2) helped to preserve the dyes. In order to increase the concentration of coloring substances, the obtained extract was subjected to thickening at a residual pressure of 400 Pa at 40°C. Conclusion. The obtained concentrate from dried parsley can be used in production of combined foods.

scholarly journals RATIONAL USE OF THE SECONDARY RESOURCES OF THE VINEYARD AND WINEBRANDING INDUSTRY

Food systems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
L. A. Oganesyants ◽  
A. L. Panasyuk ◽  
E. I. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Cell Structure ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Secondary Resources ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Active Substances

In the grape processing, secondary resources are primarily the remnants of the generative plant organs (berries) — sweet and fermented husks of grapes, seeds, peels, etc. However, the use of vegetative organs — vines, which are more promising, of grape leaves is promising. It is shown, that red leaves of grape are a source of phenolic compounds, resveratrol and other antioxidants, and also contain activators of enzymes, that cause venotonic and angioprotective properties. The most valuable in this respect are red grape leaves, which grow in covering areas, because on the eve of winter, as a defense against the cold, they accumulate a greater amount of resveratrol. The use of CO2 -extraction technology in the processing of red leaves makes it possible to obtain extraction cake with a high content of biologically active substances due to the destruction of the cell structure during the extraction process. At the same time, the hydrophilic extract of the extraction cake after CO2 -extraction has the greatest value, it is well soluble in water and is intended to enrich the soft juice based on grape juice with biologically active substances. A technology was developed for using CO2 extracts of grape seeds to stabilize margarine emulsions against oxidation and to increase the thermal stability of frying fats.

scholarly journals Comparative study of phenolic compounds of the herb of Betonica L. genus species of flora of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
Iryna Sas ◽  
Andrii Hrytsyk ◽  
Taras Koliadzhyn ◽  
Oleh Koshovyi
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nitrogen Containing Compounds ◽  
Active Substances

Species of Betonica L. genus are widespread in Ukraine and contain different groups of biologically active substances: hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, tannins, iridoids, terpenoids, steroids, essential oil, organic acids, vitamin K, nitrogen-containing compounds, phenylethanoid glycosides. Species of Betonica L. genus show a wide range of pharmacological activity (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, choleretic, diuretic, sedative, antitumor, antihypertensive, etc.) and phenolic compounds are one of the most important and promising groups of biologically active substances of these plants. The aim. The aim of the work was to conduct a comparative study of the phenolic compounds of the herb of Betonica L. genus species of flora of Ukraine. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the herb of Betonica peraucta and Betonica brachydonta harvested in the phase of mass flowering of the plant in Ivano-Frankivsk region. The study of phenolic compounds was carried out by paper chromatography, HPLC and spectrophotometry. Results. 7 components of tannins, 4 flavonoids, 5 hydroxycinnamic acids, 2 coumarins were identified and quantified by HPLC in the studied raw material. The quantitative content of the main groups of phenolic compounds in the herb of Betonica peraucta and Betonica brachydonta was determined by the method of absorption spectrophotometry: polyphenols – 5.96 % and 4.82 %, tannins – 1.62 % and 0.68 %, flavonoids – 2.07 % and 1.13 %, hydroxycinnamic acids – 7.01 % and 3.58 %, respectively. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted studies it was found that the content of phenolic compounds in the herb of Betonica peraucta is significantly higher than in the herb of Betonica brachydonta. Therefore, this species is promising for further research and creation of new drugs

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE YIELD OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM SORBUS AUCUPARIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Sokolova ◽  
Tat'yana Vladimirovna Yuraskina ◽  
Yuliya Aleksandrovna Borshcheva ◽  
Natal'ya Aleksandrovna Fursova ◽  
Anton Yur'yevich Sharikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Sorbus Aucuparia ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances

Currently, the diet of almost all population groups in Russia is characterized by a deficiency of vitamins, essential amino acids, macro- and micronutrients, as well as biologically active substances (flavonoids, carotenoids, etc.). Replenishment of the lack of these components in the diet of the population due to natural sources of plant origin is an important and actual task of national health care. The rational use of natural components of plant materials containing a wide range of natural biologically active substances using biocatalytic methods, as well as the selection of optimal conditions for obtaining commodity forms of ingredients, will allow to create preventive products that have a beneficial effect on the human body. Theoretical research in the field of promising sources of food and biologically active ingredients among wild species of plant materials were carried out. Biomedical properties of Sorbus aucuparia were described. The technological characteristics of the biologically active substances extraction from dried plant raw materials was investigated. Thus, it was revealed that the degree of dried berries grinding about 0.2–0.8 mm, the hydromodule 1 : 10 and the extraction duration 240 minutes are most effective for the extractive substances yield. The enzymatic complex, allowing the maximum to release biologically valuable components to extract was selected. The amino acid composition of rowanberry with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography was investigated. Produced fermentalizates contain complex of biologically active compounds, including amino acids, vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic substances, that makes these ingredients promising for creation of various foodstuffs to improve quality, nutritional and biological value, taste and other consumer properties.

scholarly journals Types of Mycobiota of Volgograd Region and Prospects of Their Use as a Source of Biologically Active Substances for Cosmetic Purposes

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Victoria Zemlyanko ◽  
Nadezhda Kuragina ◽  
Vadim Sagalaev
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Living Tree ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Active Substances

The article for the first time provides a consolidated list of mushrooms of Volgograd region used in cosmetology due to the presence of biologically active substances in their composition, for example, the polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan. These compounds have immunostimulating, radioprotective, antiinflammatory, antioxidant and anti-allergenic effects. Thanks to this, masks and creams containing these substances tone and restore the skin, while lotions and tonics strengthen the hair structure. The inventory of mycobiota was carried out using the route method. Each route was about 10 km long. The mushrooms found in laboratory conditions were identified by the microscopic analysis of the samples using modern methods of light microscopy and a standard set of chemical reagents (5% KOH alkali solution, Meltzer’s reagent). MIKMED-5 light microscope was used to study the microscopic structures and determine the samples. As a result of research in 2018–2020, 8 species of macromycetes used in cosmetology were identified in the mycobiota of the region: Amanita muscaria (L.), Calvatia gigantea (Batsch) Lloyd, Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst., Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray, Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilát, Phallus impudicus L., Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, Tremella mesenterica Retz. Their extracts are widely used in the cosmetic industry by various brands, in particular, Venets Sibiri, Etude House, Sabai Thai Authentic SPA, Briogeo, Dr. Ceuracle, Nollam Lab, D’Ran, Pulanna, BioAqua, Von-U, Secrets Lan, The Skin House. The following species are regularly found in the study area: mushroom Ganoderma lucidum, which grows only on a living tree Quercus robur L.; Trametes versicolor – on stumps, dead trunks and branches of Populus alba L., P. nigra L.; Tremella mesenterica – on dead branches and branches of weakened trees Populus alba, P. nigra.

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