scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF OCCUPATIONAL SELECTION IN PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION: EFFECTS OF HEALTHY AND UNHEALTHY WORKER

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Maksimov ◽  
G. V. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
Healthy Worker Effect ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Occupational Selection

The importance of occupational selection in prevalence of arterial hypertension in researches of professional cohorts is considered in the article. Because arterial hypertension represents not only the independent disease, but also one of the most important indexes of the functional status of a human body, prevalence of arterial hypertension in professional groups can be substantially caused by occupational selection. As an epidemiological phenomenon of occupational selection "healthy worker effect", known of scientific literature from the middle of last century is considered. Besides, it is offered to consider the regularities of professional selection opposite to "healthy worker effect", as "unhealthy worker effect". The professional conditionality of arterial hypertension considered from epidemiological line items can be distorted by occupational selection. Thus existence of "healthy worker effect" makes impression of absence of direct link between level of occupational influence and frequency of arterial hypertension. At the same time, the increase in prevalence of arterial hypertension not always testifies to its professional conditionality, and can be connected to "unhealthy worker effect". Possible solutions of problems associated with identification of relationships between occupational factors and prevalence of hypertension in the presence of «effects of the healthy» and «unhealthy worker» are discussed. The challenge of considered problem in occupational medicine despite the numerous offered methodological approaches of elimination or decrease in influence of occupational selection is noted. 

The healthy/unhealthy worker effect as a phenomenon of occupational selection and the causation problem

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Sergey Anatolievich Babanov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Healthy Worker Effect ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Occupational Selection ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
Selection Of

Today, the "healthy worker effect" is understood as organized (on the part of the employer) and/or unorganized (self-selection on the part of the worker, due to the functional capabilities and the state of workers’ health) professional selection of healthier workers in unfavorable working conditions, who remain in the profession. It represents one of the most important problems in epidemiological research in occupational medicine. The “healthy worker effect” and its intensity in various industries (in various professions) can indirectly characterize the harmful and unfavorable conditions. The “healthy worker effect” and its intensity determine the need for medical and social security, as well as rehabilitation measures, not only for people who remain in this production (in this profession), but also for people who left this production or specialty, to prevent the phenomenon of increased mortality among workers who left a given production or profession due to suspension from work based on the results of periodic medical examinations and self-selection, or due to intolerance to working conditions because of the state of health.

«The healthy worker effect» and occupational selection in industrial medicine

Vrach ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
L. Strizhakov ◽  
S. Babanov ◽  
D. Vinnikov ◽  
A. Melentyev ◽  
N. Ostryakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Worker Effect ◽  
Industrial Medicine ◽  
Occupational Selection

The striking endemism pattern of the species-richest snake genus Atractus (Dipsadidae: Serpentes) highlights the hidden diversity in the Andes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Andrés D. Pomar-Gómez ◽  
Paulo Cordeiro ◽  
Thaís B. Guedes ◽  
Paulo Passos
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Forest Mountain

Abstract The distribution of the highly diversified and species-rich snake genus Atractus was assessed in search for endemism areas. The dataset of 6000 museum specimens was used to run an Endemicity Analyses in order to identify areas of biogeographic relevance for the genus Atractus. By using distinct methodological approaches and modifying the size and shape of grid cells we obtained a better adjustment to each species range, taking into account species distributed along the Andean and Atlantic Forest mountain ranges or certain vegetation constraints. Three scales of endemism were observed: micro endemic areas, represented by three different regions; intermediate sized endemic areas, represented by nine different regions; and macro-endemic areas, represented by four different provinces. Although most assessed regions corroborate well-defined biogeographic units according to the scientific literature, some, mainly located in the Colombian Andes, are not regularly considered in biogeographic syntheses carried out for vertebrates. Methodological approaches, along with a well curated database and taxonomic accuracy, may significantly influence the recovery of endemism areas, mainly considering mountain topography and local niche structure. The results present herein highlight the relevance of three Colombian Cordilleras, in order to completely understand Neotropical biota patterns of distribution. It is important to note that a well-resolved taxonomy represents both the framework and the first step toward a comprehensive biographical synthesis reducing Wallacean shortfalls in biodiversity.

Palaeoflood hydrology: an emerging science

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Saint-Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
River System ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Fluvial Environments ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequences

On examining the scientific literature of recent years, one notices an increase in the number of studies of global warming and its impact on the Earth’s various environments. Research has been undertaken in various fields such as geomorphology, hydrology and many others. In the context of climatic change, there is growing interest in the study of past floods, or palaeofloods. Researchers are attempting to reconstitute the chronology of past floods, especially with respect to past or subrecent climatic changes. The work involves using different methodological approaches borrowed from various disciplines including geology, geomorphology and ecology. The reconstruction of ancient hydrological events such as palaeofloods in fact requires that different methods and techniques be combined in order to trace the chronology of events as precisely as possible using different biophysical parameters. A wide variety of indicators are used in the chronological reconstruction of ancient fluvial environments, whether in humid, subhumid or desert regions. These indicators involve analysing stratigraphic sequences and sedimentary deposits, organic matter and macrorest deposits, as well as using radiocarbon dating(14C), thermoluminescence (TL), and dendrochronology and lichenometry. In fact, most work on the reconstitution of the frequency and magnitude of ancient floods uses several methods and techniques to obtain the long-term chronology of flood events in relation to the specific conditions (e.g., climate, geomorphology) of a region or study area. With the publication of several studies in palaeohydrology, it was interesting to examine, through a literature review, the various approaches used in the study of palaeofloods. This kind of study has seen major advances, which can be explained partly by the interest generated by global climate change and its effect on river-system dynamics.

scholarly journals Occurrences of Threatened Species included in the Third Edition of the Red Data Book of the Komi Republic (Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Degteva ◽  
Anatoly Bobretsov ◽  
Yury Bobrov ◽  
Modest Dolgin ◽  
Mikhail Dulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
The Third ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Data Book ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The purpose of the data paper was to introduce into scientific literature the results of scientific work carried out for the third edition of the 'Red Data Book of the Komi Republic'. The article reflects methodological approaches to the formation of a list of rare and in need of protection species and describes the corresponding datasets published in GBIF. Information about 7,187 occurrences of 438 rare species and infraspecies included in the third edition of the 'Red Data Book of the Komi Republic' have been published.

scholarly journals AORTIC STIFFNESS ASSESSMENT IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND OBESITY

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Shupenina ◽  
E. N. Yushchuk ◽  
A. B. Khadzegova ◽  
S. V. Ivanova ◽  
I. A. Sadulaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Moment

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in most developed countries. Morphological and functional status of large arteries plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CVD. At the moment, there are two main methods of aortic stiffness assessment: pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement and central PW analysis. In advanced age, aortic stiffness increases, which manifests in increased PWV, elevated central blood pressure, and increased parameters of reflected PW. Similar changes can be observed in young patients with arterial hypertension. The existing evidence concerning obesity effects on aortic stiffness is contradictory and warrants further clarification. 

scholarly journals Images of Relations between Nobility and Peasantry in Russian Liberal Literature in Late 19th — Early 20th Centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 391-409
Author(s):  
M. A. Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Free Action ◽  
Local History ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Liberal Ideology ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Liberal Thought

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the representation of relations between the nobility and the peasantry in Russian liberal thought at the cusp of XIX—XX centuries. A review of the existing historiography on the problem is carried out, the main attention is paid to the emerging from the middle 1980s the traditions of studying the liberal intelligentsia in Russia and the peculiarities of the relationship between the “educated minority and the peasant world”, an analysis of the latest scientific literature is presented. Special attention is paid to the main research approaches to the study of the topic, microhistorical, positional and other approaches, the concept of “new local history” is highlighted and the need for their complex use is declared. The results of a comparative analysis of various groups of sources are presented: reminiscence and memoirs, periodicals, statistical materials, correspondence. The question is raised about the differences in the self-identification of the Russian nobility, as well as in the mutual representations of the two most important estates of post-reform Russia. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that, on the basis of new methodological approaches, several images of relations between the nobility and the peasantry have been identified at the cusp of XIX—XX centuries: the image of the “new entrepreneurial type”, “guardianship” and “preservation of traditions”, conventionally “lordly”, as well as the image of “free action”; their distinctive characteristics are given. The proposed classification is due to the main ideas of the Russian nobility about the peasants in the context of the institutionalization of liberal ideology.

scholarly journals Review of the diagnosis and pharmacological management of pulmonary arterial hypertension in connective tissue disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Chun-Pong Tang ◽  
Ka-Lai Lee ◽  
King-Yee Ying
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Abstract Connective-tissue-disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD-PAH) is a well-recognised pulmonary complication most commonly seen in patients with systemic sclerosis, followed by systemic lupus erythematosus and mixed connective tissue disease. In systemic-sclerosis-associated-pulmonary arterial hypertension (SSc-PAH), patients usually present late and the progression can be rapid with poor prognosis and survival. Early detection and prompt intervention of SSc-PAH is an important cornerstone to halt the disease progression. Various pulmonary vasodilatory agents were developed over the past two decades. They were shown to improve patients’ symptoms, functional status, exercise capacity, haemodynamics and long-term survival. Other immunosuppressive therapies also demonstrated to improve symptoms and functional status in certain group of patients. This article is to review the diagnosis and pharmacological management of patient with CTD-PAH.

scholarly journals Methodological Approaches to Pedagogical Control in Physical Education of Girls Aged 12-14

2016 ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Іващенко ◽  
О. Худолій
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The objective is to determine the methodological approaches to pedagogical control in physical education of girls aged 12-14.Materials and methods. The participants of the study were girls aged 12 (n = 31), aged 13 (n = 26), and aged 14 (n = 28).To achieve the tasks set, the study relied on the following methods: analysis of scientific literature, pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics. To evaluate the functional and motor preparedness of the girls aged 12-14, we recorded the results of Stange and Genchi, Serkin and motor tests.Results. The standardized coefficients of the canonical discriminant function allow to determine the relation of the variables contribution to the function result. The first function explains the results variation by 86.8% (p < 0.001), the second — by 13.2% (p < 0.001). The above proves that pedagogical control is possible in physical education based on the classification of the age differences in girls aged 12-14, by the results of their functional, strength and coordination preparedness tested.The structural coefficients of the first canonical discriminant function indicate that a significant difference between the girls aged 12 and the girls aged 13-14 occurs in the level of development of their motor coordination, speed strength and the results of Stange’s test. The structural coefficients of the second canonical discriminant function indicate that a significant difference between the girls aged 13 and 14 occurs in the level of development of the static and relative strength of their arm muscles.Conclusions. The final pedagogical control of motor and functional preparedness of the girls aged 12-14 can rest on the first discriminant function with emphasis on the most informative variables.  

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