scholarly journals Cervical Spinal Stimulation at Different Levels Evoked Multisegmental Motor Responses in the Lower Limbs

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bittar FO ◽  
Sabbahi MA ◽  
Uzun S
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Relationship between the diameter of great saphenous vein and body mass index

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélia C. Seidel ◽  
Fausto Miranda Jr. ◽  
Yara Juliano ◽  
Neil F. Novo
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Different Levels

OBJECTIVE: This study has been designed to correlate the diameter of the greater saphenous vein in different levels of the lower limbs with the body mass index of each individual to determine a possible relation between them. METHODS: Fifty-two lower limbs in 26 volunteers (six males and 20 females) without a chronic venous disease record, aged 21-68 were evaluated. Prior to color-flow duplex scanning the body mass index was defined. The deep and superficial venous systems and perforator veins were assessed as described in the literature. The diameter of the greater saphenous vein was measured with ultrasound longitudinal imaging in seven different levels. For the statistical analysis, Student t test for paired data and Spearman test were used. RESULTS: The difference observed in saphenous venous in the second and third levels when compared to the lower right and left limbs was not considered significant and a single group was formed to correlate with body mass index. The correlation was considered statistically irrelevant. CONCLUSION: By correlating the diameters of the greater saphenous vein with the body mass index of each individual it was noted that the relation between them is not significant, therefore it can be assumed that tall thin individuals can have greater saphenous vein with similar diameter as short fat individuals.

Comparison of gastrointestinal responses to CCK-8 and associated with vomiting

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (2) ◽  
pp. G254-G263 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Lang ◽  
J. Marvig ◽  
S. K. Sarna
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Cholecystokinin Octapeptide ◽  
Bipolar Electrodes ◽  
Chronic Recording ◽  
Force Transducers ◽  
Fasted State ◽  
Peripheral Mechanism ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motor ◽  
Different Levels

The gastrointestinal motor and myoelectric responses associated with vomiting induced by apomorphine (APO) and activated by cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) were compared as well as the mechanisms of initiation of these responses. Twelve dogs were surgically implanted with strain-gauge force transducers or bipolar electrodes for chronic recording of contractile or electrical activity. The responses to CCK-8 were determined in the fasted state and compared with the gastrointestinal motor and myoelectric correlates of vomiting activated by APO. After recording control responses, the effects of the following agents on these responses were determined: atropine, domperidone, and proglumide. In addition, the effects of supradiaphragmatic vagotomy or splanchnicectomy were determined. We found that CCK-8 activated contractile and myoelectric responses in the absence of vomiting, which were similar in most respects to those found in association with vomiting. These responses included 1) the retrograde giant contraction (RGC) and 2) the post-RGC phasic contractions. These RGCs were similar with respect to their activation in an all-or-none fashion, magnitude, duration, and position in the small intestine. The myoelectric correlates of these motor responses were similar qualitatively and quantitatively. The responses activated by APO and CCK-8 differed with respect to their coordination at different levels of the gastrointestinal tract. Whether activated by CCK-8 or APO, atropine blocked the RGC but not the post-RGC contractions. Domperidone blocked all responses to APO but not to CCK-8, and splanchnicectomy did not affect responses to either agent. Vagotomy blocked all gastrointestinal responses to APO but not to CCK-8. These results indicated that CCK-8 activates the gastrointestinal motor and myoelectric correlates of vomiting by a peripheral mechanism that does not include dopamine receptors.

Effects of Different Percentages of Blood Flow Restriction on Energy Expenditure

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Pfeiffer ◽  
Maria Cirilo-Sousa ◽  
Heleodório Santos
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe study aimed to analyze the effect of different levels of blood flow restriction (BFR) on energy expenditure (EE) and subjective perceptions of discomfort (SPD) during aerobic exercises. A sample group of 24 young men was required to walk on a treadmill for 14 min at 40% of their maximum speed, with 4 different percentages of BFR (0, 50, 80 and 100%) applied in the lower limbs (LL) once a week with a 7-day interval between the 4 evaluations. EE data were collected during the exercise periods; SPD data were collected after the exercises. There was a significant increase in EE at 50, 80 and 100% BFR compared to the condition without BFR, and between 50 and 100% BFR; however, there were no differences between 50 and 80% and 80 and 100% BFR. Discomfort showed a significant increase according to the increase in BFR. During the walking exercises with BFR, the EE strongly increased until 50% of BFR; after this level the additional increases slowed. It can be concluded that when performing aerobic exercises with BFR, there is no need to use BFR levels above 50% to reach satisfying level of EE with only a moderate level of discomfort to the practitioner. This study was registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) under number RBR-3XHSJX.

scholarly journals Congruent and Incongruent Corticospinal Activations at the Level of Multiple Effectors

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2063-2070
Author(s):  
Luisa Sartori ◽  
Sonia Betti ◽  
Chiara Perrone ◽  
Umberto Castiello
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Soccer Player ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Motor Resonance ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Study Results

Motor resonance is defined as the subliminal activation of the motor system while observing actions performed by others. However, resonating with another person's actions is not always an appropriate response: In real life, people do not just imitate but rather respond in a suitable fashion. A growing body of neurophysiologic studies has demonstrated that motor resonance can be overridden by complementary motor responses (such as preparing a precision grip on a small object when seeing an open hand in sign of request). In this study, we investigated the relationship between congruent and incongruent corticospinal activations at the level of multiple effectors. The modulation of motor evoked potentials evoked by single-pulse TMS over the motor cortex was assessed in upper and lower limb muscles of participants observing a soccer player performing a penalty kick straight in their direction. Study results revealed a double dissociation: Seeing the soccer player kicking the ball triggered a motor resonance in the observer's lower limb, whereas the upper limb response afforded by the object was overridden. On the other hand, seeing the ball approaching the observers elicited a complementary motor activation in upper limbs while motor resonance in lower limbs disappeared. Control conditions showing lateral kicks, mimicked kicks, and a ball in penalty area were also included to test the motor coding of object affordances. Results point to a modulation of motor responses in different limbs over the course of action and in function of their relevance in different contexts. We contend that ecologically valid paradigms are now needed to shed light on the motor system functioning in complex forms of interaction.

TISSUE OXYGENATION IN LOWER LIMBS OF PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

1980 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S34
Author(s):  
A. W. Gardner ◽  
J. S. Skinner ◽  
B. W. Cantwell ◽  
L. K. Smith ◽  
D. L. Bergland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Different Levels

TISSUE OXYGENATION IN LOWER LIMBS OF PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S34
Author(s):  
A. W. Gardner ◽  
J. S. Skinner ◽  
B. W. Cantwell ◽  
L. K. Smith ◽  
D. L. Bergland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Different Levels

Sizing of medical below-knee compression stockings in an Indian population: A major risk factor for non-compliance

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Ravul Jindal ◽  
Jean-Francois Uhl ◽  
JP Benigni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Statistical Analysis Method ◽  
Different Levels

Background The compliance to compression stockings in India is poor. One of the reasons is related to the inadequacy of sizing tables of compression stockings sold in India by western companies. Methods In 922 Indian patients, three circumference measurements of leg were taken in a standing position at different levels: Instep (level Y), Ankle (level B) and largest part of the calf (level C). We compared these measurements with the standard sizing tables according to the recommendations of the manufacturers’ sizing tables. The statistical analysis method: mean comparison of the circumferences was tested with the Wilcoxon test. Result The measurements found do not allow a satisfactory adaptation of compression stockings marketed in India by Medi®, Sigvaris® and Jobst®. The risk of threading difficulties is 15% with Medi® and Sigvaris® compression stockings. The risk of slippage is 61% for Sigvaris® and 48% for Medi®. With the Jobst® sizing table, no knitting makes it possible to reach a pressure at point C equal to at least 50% of the pressure of point B. Conclusion These data underline the need to adapt the measurements of compression stockings to the morphologies of patients' lower limbs in India, to improve compliance.

scholarly journals Study of Differences in Motor Reactions and Performances in Professional Ice Hockey Players and not Experienced Participants Using Virtual Reality (VR) Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Polikanova ◽  
Anastasiya Yakushina ◽  
Sergey Leonov ◽  
Anna Kruchinina ◽  
Victor Chertopolokhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Professional Hockey ◽  
Difficult Situations ◽  
Different Levels

The efficiency of performance in various sports has the development of certain specific skills at its core. In ice hockey, both the technical aspects (techniques, stance) and the cognitive ones (keeping attention on the puck, game strategy, etc.) are highly important. This study is aimed at the identification of specific features that determine the performance efficiency of professional hockey players. We used virtual reality (VR) to study the differences between professional ice hockey players and novices in terms of motor responses to the puck’s presentation on different levels of difficulty. The study involved 22 participants, 13 of them being professional ice hockey players (Mage=20±2.9; mean age of training experience М=14.18±3.8) and 9 being not experienced participants (Mage=20±1.4). The study showed that the stick response time of professional hockey players is significantly higher (0.98 ms vs 1.5 ms, p≤0.05) in more difficult situations close to a real game. Moreover, professionals proved to have more stable movement patterns of the knee and hip joints. They also make fewer head movements as a response to stimuli during all runs (0.66 vs 1.25, p≤0.05). Therefore, the results indicate specific spatial-temporal, technical and tactical, and energetic determinants, that ensure higher performance efficiency in hockey players

scholarly journals Accidents in agriculture involving muscle skeletal system in children. Analysis based on hospitalization in the Paediatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Department University Children’s Hospital in 2010-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Paweł Jakubowski ◽  
◽  
Łukasz Matuszewski ◽  
Szymon Stec
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Looked After Children ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Tissue Damages ◽  
Paediatric Orthopaedics ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Agricultural Machines

Introduction. Accidents in agriculture involving children happen every year. They are attributable to a lack of safety and low awareness of caretakers, who oftentimes don’t pay enough attention to the little ones. Injuries in agriculture involve mainly falls from great heights: ladders, trailers, tractors; crushing by various types of agricultural machinery; partial or complete amputations within the regions of upper and lower limbs: amputations of feet or fingers. Those cases often include multi-tissue damages, which means that in addition to bone fractures, there might also occur other concurrent injuries like interstitial infections, crushing, neurovascular damages, or soft tissue damage. Material and Methods. In the years 2010-2019 there were 207 patients hospitalized in the Paediatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Department of University Children’s Hospital in Lublin due to accidents in agriculture. Patients who suffered bone injuries, either caused by falling from heights or falling from agricultural machines, constitute the majority of the total 207 cases. The second case in terms of frequency, were the children whose limbs got stuck, or struck, by moving parts of agricultural machines and devices, which resulted in amputations at different levels. The third group consisted of patients crushed by agricultural machines or livestock. Results. The following data indicate a gradual decrease in the number of children requiring hospitalization. Between 2010 and 2019 there was a year-onyear decrease of 38.4%. Conclusions. After the analysis of causes and mechanisms of the injuries mentioned before, we conclude that the vast of these accidents could have been avoided if the caretakers looked after children with due attention, and the children were not allowed in the vicinity of currently functioning agricultural machines.

scholarly journals Thoracolumbar multisegmental motor responses in the upper and lower limbs in healthy subjects

Spinal Cord ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Sabbahi ◽  
Y S Sengul
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Motor Responses
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