scholarly journals MODERN CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES AS A TOOLKIT OF THE TRANSITION FROM TRADITION TO MODERNISM IN CHURCH ARCHITECTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
S. V. PASTUKHOVA ◽  
K. N. MISHUK
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Church Architecture ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Architectural Modernism ◽  
New Generation

Purpose. Consideration and analysis of twentieth-century church architecture in which the modernist style and their modern building technology was applied, using nine churches from different countries as examples. Methodology. The use of critical analysis of scientific and methodological literature of architectural modernism of churches, virtual analysis of architectural and construction projects of modernism and their use in the construction of churches, the method of systemic, structural and activity approach. Findings. The scientific formation of the concept of architectural and church modernism has been performed. The main components of architectural and church modernism and the use of the latest architectural and construction technologies are revealed. Reasonable reasons for the slow use of Architectural Church Modernism in modern times. Examples of twentieth-century architectural church modernism are provided. Originality. An analysis of the use of twentieth-century architectural-church modernism in the world is offered. An analysis of the use of architectural and church modernism in the architectural and structural design of churches has been conducted. Practical value. The rationale for the use of architectural and church modernism in the architectural and structural design of churches has been carried out. The components of church modernism are disclosed. The result is the creation of conditions for the harmonious interaction of customers-churchmen and executors-architects in the use of modernism. There were many arguments about what the temple and temple complex should be – modern or a copy of the canonical model – it all depends on the views of the customer and the architect, their views on religion and its purpose in modern life. The dispute can be long, but creativity is unstoppable, and in the world of temple construction has always kept up with current trends in architecture and construction, using new materials, designs and technology. Understandably, there are concerns that innovations in architecture may be followed by undesirable changes in the whole church tradition, but there is no stopping the new thinking. The new generation must step forward to embrace new trends, architectural modernism of churches, also search for new trends and embody them.

Pragmatism and Prophecy: H. G. Wells and the Metaphysics of Socialism

2017 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
DUNCAN BELL
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Philosophical Orientation ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Political Thinker

Read throughout the world, H. G. Wells was one of the most famous political thinkers of the early twentieth century. During the first half of the 1900s, he elaborated a bold and idiosyncratic cosmopolitan socialist vision. In this article, I offer a new reading of Wells's political thought. I argue that he developed a distinctivepragmatistphilosophical orientation, which he synthesized with his commitments to Darwinian evolutionary theory. His pragmatism had four main components: a nominalist metaphysics; a verificationist theory of truth; a Jamesian “will to believe”; and a conception of philosophy as an intellectual exercise dedicated to improving practice. His political thought was shaped by this philosophical orientation. Wells, I contend, was the most high-profile pragmatist political thinker of the opening decades of the twentieth century. Acknowledging this necessitates a re-evaluation of both Wells and the history of pragmatism.

“In the Thought of the World”

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
Jack Quinan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Material Characteristics ◽  
Savings Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Architectural Modernism

This chapter focuses on the Larkin Building, which is firmly entrenched in histories of architectural modernism, such as Henry-Russell Hitchcock's Modern Architecture: Romanticism and Reintegration of 1929. It cites Hendrik Petrus Berlage's Amsterdam Stock Exchange, Peter Behren's AEG Turbine Factory, and Otto Wagner's Post Office Savings Bank as buildings that rival Frank Lloyd Wright's Larkin commission for architectural distinction at the turn of the twentieth century. It also reviews the origins of Wright's Larkin Building in the company's history, its material characteristics, and its principal functions. The chapter weighs the Larkin Building against similar considerations of three European buildings in order to identify the ideas and qualities that all four architects shared while also demonstrating characteristics in Wright's building. It describes the Larkin Administration Building that was modern in the abstractness of its blocklike forms and its many innovations.

‘In Search of Mammon’s Treasure Trove’: Hemendrakumar Roy’s Use of Travel in Children’s Adventure Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-279
Author(s):  
Rajashree Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Travel Narratives ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Domestic Spaces ◽  
Treasure Trove ◽  
The World ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
New Generation

Travel plays a critical role in twentieth-century Bengali adventure literature for adolescent males. Armchair journeys through the Empire and beyond let that audience discover the world: a panoply of high- to low-ranking cultures, utterly strange geographical spaces and, often, their ‘barbarous’, ‘uncivilized’ inhabitants. Exemplified by Hemendrakumar Roy’s works, the genre encourages boys to draw correlations between race, ethnicity and territory in a way that elevates Hindu elites within a civilizational hierarchy that borrows, but will not follow wholesale, the Western schema. The literary trope of travel imaginatively transports the colonized protagonists and audience across their country’s borders. Yet the destinations, distanced from their experience by perilous voyages, are clearly chosen to spark reflection on their own domestic spaces. The adventures, in turn, fuel their individual and, ideally, national self-transformation. For Roy’s travel narratives promote such changes by featuring Bengali heroes defeating horrific hazards with courage, strength, intelligence, self-sacrifice and perseverance—‘masculine’ qualities the author hopes a new generation will imbibe and use to serve the nation. Doing so, he also hopes, will disprove in reality what he demolished in writing: colonizers’ stereotype of Bengalis as effeminate cowards, and their dismissal of Indian culture as beneath their own.

scholarly journals Epilogue and Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 170-182
Author(s):  
David Brydan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
International System ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
International Networks ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
New Generation

Integrating the history of Franco’s Spain into the history of twentieth-century internationalism sheds new light on both subjects. The importance of international cooperation, international organizations, and international networks for Francoist elites reflects the extent to which Spanish nationalism during the early Franco era was framed and shaped by the history of internationalism. And examining the perspective of experts from an authoritarian nationalist regime serves to broaden and deepen our understanding of the fascist, right-wing, and conservative ‘dark side’ of internationalism. The Epilogue explores how the international activities of Spanish social experts developed after 1959. A new generation increasingly accepted the immutability of the post-war international system, seeking to adapt Spain to the world rather than adapting the world to Spain. They were even more internationally active than the previous generation, but were no longer necessarily ‘Franco’s internationalists’.

scholarly journals CREATION OF CREOLIZED TEXTS DURING TEACHING “GEOMETRY” IN 7-TH CLASS

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Оксана Заїка
Keyword(s):  
Ninth Grade ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Teaching Geometry ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Components ◽  
New Generation

The article raises the issue of teaching seventh-grade children a systematic course “Geometry”. It is proposed to create reference notes in the form of creolized texts, which are already penetrating into modern education. Their main components are the verbal part (inscription) and the iconic part (figure). This concept and three ways of their formation are revealed: verbal text + image, image + verbal text, verbal text = image. Given the peculiarities of the new generation, in the educational process, we propose to use more the second method of creolized texts formation. This approach to the study of geometry is justified by the need to take into account the peculiarity of the modern generation – clip thinking. The article reveals the concept of “clip thinking”. This concept was introduced in the '90s and means a person's perception of the world around him as a sequence of unrelated phenomena. Such thinking has positive aspects, among which it is important to quickly perceive information, mainly by reading the image-picture. And the negative aspects that negatively affect the ability of the younger generation to learn, analyze, generalize, and find cause-and-effect relationships. These negative aspects need to be overcome in every geometry lesson, teaching children to analyze both when solving problems and when creating reference summaries of theoretical material in the form of creolized texts. In the article, the author gives a schematic summary of all the basic geometric material, which children study in the seventh grade (according to the textbook of O. Ister). It is the creation of such a syllabus in the seventh grade and its continuation in the next grades (and this is a mandatory part of the teaching methodology) that promotes the better mastering by students of a systematic course in geometry. This synopsis will be their guide in preparation for the state final certification in the ninth grade.

Development of the Jewish religious movement "Khabad" in Ukraine in the 20's of the twentieth century

2001 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
O. V. Kozerod
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Important Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Problems

The development of the Jewish religious movement "Khabad" and its organizations in the first quarter of the twentieth century - one of the important research problems, which is still practically not considered in the domestic Judaica. At the same time, this problem is relevant in connection with the fact that the religious movement "Khabad" during the twentieth century became the most widespread and influential area of Judaism in Ukraine and throughout the world.

Penerapan Rinfo Sebagai Media Pendukung Untuk Proses Pembelajaran Pada Perguruan Tinggi Raharja

CCIT Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Untung Rahardja ◽  
Khanna Tiara ◽  
Ray Indra Taufik Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Civilizing Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Life Education ◽  
New Generation

Education is an important factor in human life. According to Ki Hajar Dewantara, education is a civilizing process that a business gives high values ??to the new generation in a society that is not only maintenance but also with a view to promote and develop the culture of the nobility toward human life. Education is a human investment that can be used now and in the future. One other important factor in supporting human life in addition to education, which is technology. In this globalization era, technology has touched every joint of human life. The combination of these two factors will be a new innovation in the world of education. The innovation has been implemented by Raharja College, namely the use of the method iLearning (Integrated Learning) in the learning process. Where such learning has been online based. ILearning method consists of TPI (Ten Pillars of IT iLearning). Rinfo is one of the ten pillars, where it became an official email used by the whole community’s in Raharja College to communicate with each other. Rinfo is Gmail, which is adapted from the Google platform with typical raharja.info as its domain. This Rinfo is a medium of communication, as well as a tool to support the learning process in Raharja College. Because in addition to integrated with TPi, this Rinfo was connected also support with other learning tools, such as Docs, Drive, Sites, and other supporting tools.

Coda: The Rosetta Stone

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Digital Code ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Imagination ◽  
Origin Point

Hieroglyphs have persisted for so long in the Western imagination because of the malleability of their metaphorical meanings. Emblems of readability and unreadability, universality and difference, writing and film, writing and digital media, hieroglyphs serve to encompass many of the central tensions in understandings of race, nation, language and media in the twentieth century. For Pound and Lindsay, they served as inspirations for a more direct and universal form of writing; for Woolf, as a way of treating the new medium of film and our perceptions of the world as a kind of language. For Conrad and Welles, they embodied the hybridity of writing or the images of film; for al-Hakim and Mahfouz, the persistence of links between ancient Pharaonic civilisation and a newly independent Egypt. For Joyce, hieroglyphs symbolised the origin point for the world’s cultures and nations; for Pynchon, the connection between digital code and the novel. In their modernist interpretations and applications, hieroglyphs bring together writing and new media technologies, language and the material world, and all the nations and languages of the globe....

Modernism, Empiricism, and Rationalism

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Squires
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Irish Poetry ◽  
Dimensional Spectrum ◽  
Culture History ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rule Out

Modernism is usually defined historically as the composite movement at the beginning of the twentieth century which led to a radical break with what had gone before in literature and the other arts. Given the problems of the continuing use of the concept to cover subsequent writing, this essay proposes an alternative, philosophical perspective which explores the impact of rationalism (what we bring to the world) on the prevailing empiricism (what we take from the world) of modern poetry, which leads to a concern with consciousness rather than experience. This in turn involves a re-conceptualisation of the lyric or narrative I, of language itself as a phenomenon, and of other poetic themes such as nature, culture, history, and art. Against the background of the dominant empiricism of modern Irish poetry as presented in Crotty's anthology, the essay explores these ideas in terms of a small number of poets who may be considered modernist in various ways. This does not rule out modernist elements in some other poets and the initial distinction between a poetics of experience and one of consciousness is better seen as a multi-dimensional spectrum that requires further, more detailed analysis than is possible here.

Hard Objects in George Oppen's Discrete Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-517
Author(s):  
Ned Hercock
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Ludwig Wittgenstein ◽  
Discrete Series ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
John Ruskin ◽  
Gerard Manley Hopkins ◽  
Marcel Duchamp ◽  
The World ◽  
Production History ◽  
History Of

This essay examines the objects in George Oppen's Discrete Series (1934). It considers their primary property to be their hardness – many of them have distinctively uniform and impenetrable surfaces. This hardness and uniformity is contrasted with 19th century organicism (Gerard Manley Hopkins and John Ruskin). Taking my cue from Kirsten Blythe Painter I show how in their work with hard objects these poems participate within a wider cultural and philosophical turn towards hardness in the early twentieth century (Marcel Duchamp, Adolf Loos, Ludwig Wittgenstein and others). I describe the thinking these poems do with regard to industrialization and to human experience of a resolutely object world – I argue that the presentation of these objects bears witness to the production history of the type of objects which in this era are becoming preponderant in parts of the world. Finally, I suggest that the objects’ impenetrability offers a kind of anti-aesthetic relief: perception without conception. If ‘philosophy recognizes the Concept in everything’ it is still possible, these poems show, to experience resistance to this imperious process of conceptualization. Within thinking objects (poems) these are objects which do not think.

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