scholarly journals ESTERCO OVINO AUMENTA A CAPACIDADE DE RETENÇÃO E MANUTENÇÃO DE ÁGUA NO SOLO DO CARIRI PARAIBANO

Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-703
Author(s):  
Lucyelly Dâmela Araújo Borborema ◽  
Patrícia da Silva Costa ◽  
Priscylla Marques de Oliveira Viana ◽  
Yanka Beatriz Gonçalves Batista ◽  
Matheus Cavalcante da Silva ◽  
...  

ESTERCO OVINO AUMENTA A CAPACIDADE DE RETENÇÃO E MANUTENÇÃO DE ÁGUA NO SOLO DO CARIRI PARAIBANO     LUCYELLY DÂMELA ARAÚJO BORBOREMA1; PATRÍCIA DA SILVA COSTA2; PRISCYLLA MARQUES DE OLIVEIRA VIANA3; YANKA BEATRIZ GONÇALVES BATISTA4; MATHEUS CAVALCANTE DA SILVA5 E RENER LUCIANO DE SOUZA FERRAZ6   1. Unidade Acadêmica de Tecnologia do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Luiz Grande, S/N, Bairro Frei Damião, CEP 58540-000, Sumé, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]. 2 Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, n° 882, Bairro Universitário, CEP 58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. [email protected]. 3 Departamento de Agroecologia e Agropecuária, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Sítio Imbaúba, S/N, Zona Rural, CEP 58117-000, Lagoa Seca, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]. 4 Unidade Acadêmica de Tecnologia do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Luiz Grande, S/N, Bairro Frei Damião, CEP 58540-000, Sumé, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]. 5 Unidade Acadêmica de Tecnologia do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Luiz Grande, S/N, Bairro Frei Damião, CEP 58540-000, Sumé, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]. 6 Unidade Acadêmica de Tecnologia do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Luiz Grande, S/N, Bairro Frei Damião, CEP 58540-000, Sumé, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   A matéria orgânica do solo contribui para a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas, pois, influencia os atributos físicos, químicos e biológicos do solo, estabilizando a produtividade dos agroecossistemas. O teor de matéria orgânica no solo beneficia o aumento da capacidade de troca de cátions, assegurando os nutrientes no solo e reduzindo suas perdas por lixiviação. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar doses de esterco ovino para retenção e manutenção de água no solo na Microrregião do Cariri paraibano. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com seis doses de esterco ovino (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25%, m/m) e quatro repetições. Foram realizadas avaliações de pesagem durante seis dias, a cada 24 h, para a determinação da porcentagem de água disponível em relação à massa seca do solo (m/m). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância ao nível de 5% de probabilidade de erro e as médias das doses de esterco foram submetidas a regressão polinomial. O esterco ovino aumenta a capacidade de retenção e manutenção da água no solo do Cariri paraibano, sendo uma alternativa para a atenuação dos problemas ocasionados pela perda de água por lixiviação e, por conseguinte, melhorando a capacidade produtiva do solo e vida dos produtores.   Keywords: matéria orgânica, nutrientes no solo, status hídrico.     BORBOREMA, L. D. A.; COSTA, P. S.; VIANA, P. M. O.; BATISTA, Y. B. G.; SILVA, M. C.; FERRAZ, R. L. S. SHEEP MANURE INCREASES THE WATER HOLDING AND MAINTENANCE CAPACITY OF SOIL IN THE CARIRI PARAIBANO REGION     2 ABSTRACT   Soil organic matter contributes to the sustainability of agricultural systems, as it influences the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the soil, stabilizing the productivity of agroecosystems. The organic matter content in the soil benefits the increase of the cation exchange capacity, ensuring the nutrients in the soil and reducing its losses due to leaching. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate different doses of sheep manure for retention and maintenance of water in the soil in the Microregion of Cariri, in Paraíba state. The design used was completely randomized with six doses of sheep manure (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%, w/w) and four replications. Weighing evaluations were carried out for six days, every 24 h, to determine the percentage of available water in relation to the soil dry mass (w/w). Data were subjected to analysis of variance at a 5% probability of error and means of sheep manure doses were submitted to polynomial regression. Sheep manure increases the capacity of retaining and maintaining water in the soil of Cariri, in Paraíba state, being an alternative to alleviate the problems caused by the loss of water through leaching and, therefore, improving the productive capacity of the soil and the life of producers.   Keywords: organic matter, soil nutrients, water status.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
B.H. Prasetyo ◽  
N. Suharta ◽  
Subagyo H. ◽  
Hikmatullah Hikmatullah

Ultisols are a major group of marginal soils extensively found in the upland area of Indonesia. To better understand the potential of the Ultisols developed from claystone and sandstone in the Sasamba Integrated Economical Development Area in East Kalimantan, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of 27 Ultisols pedons consisting of 76 topsoil and 118 subsoil samples were investigated. Besides analysis and interpretation of data, relationships of several soil characteristics were constructed using simple regression. The results indicated that Ultisols showed acid to very acid reaction, had low content of organic matter and low base saturation. Soils generally exhibited net negative charge, and the point of zero charge was reached at pH 3.6. Both potential and available phosphates were low, and there was a trend that amorphous aluminum was responsible for phosphate fixation. The low content of exchangeable potassium in topsoil and subsoil indicated a positive correlation with potential potassium. Clay mineral was composed chiefly of kaolinite, with small amounts of illite, vermiculite, and quartz. The domination of kaolinite and low organic matter content causes the soils to have low cation exchange capacity. Soil management in this area should be focused on building up and maintaining soil fertility, and applying appropriate soil conservation techniques to minimize erosion. To obtain sustained productivity, various soil amendments including the use of farm and/or green manure, liming with agricultural lime, and application of rock phosphate and K fertilizers were highly recommended.


2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Finžgar ◽  
P. Tlustoš ◽  
D. Leštan

Sequential extractions, metal uptake by <i>Taraxacum officinale</i>, Ruby&rsquo;s physiologically based extraction test (PBET) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), were used to assess the risk of Pb and Zn in contaminated soils, and to determine relationships among soil characteristics, heavy metals soil fractionation, bioavailability and leachability. Regression analysis using linear and 2nd order polynomial models indicated relationships between Pb and Zn contamination and soil properties, although of small significance (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Statistically highly significant correlations (<i>P</i> < 0.001) were obtained using multiple regression analysis. A correlation between soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil organic matter and clay content was expected. The proportion of Pb in the PBET intestinal phase correlated with total soil Pb and Pb bound to soil oxides and the organic matter fraction. The leachable Pb, extracted with TCLP, correlated with the Pb bound to carbonates and soil organic matter content (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 69%). No highly significant correlations (<i>P</i> < 0.001) for Zn with soil properties or Zn fractionation were obtained using multiple regression.


1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
KF Akhter ◽  
ZH Khan ◽  
MS Hussain ◽  
AR Mazumder

The seasonally flooded soils of Bangladesh are unique in respect of several specific characteristics and contribute toward producing bulk of its staple food - mainly rice. Having fine texture these soils are similar to the “paddy soils” of Southeast Asian floodplains and have high production potential under proper management. Six representative soil series, viz. Arial, Debidwar, Naraibag, Jalkundi, Siddirganj and Tippera from the central region of Bangladesh have been studied to evaluate some of their intrinsic physico-chemical properties and their sustainable management requirements. These soils are slightly acidic to neutral and are negatively charged with ΔpH values ranging between –0.2 and –1.2. The organic matter content in the surface soil is relatively low that decreases steadily with depth. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soils varies on the basis of their clay and organic matter contents while base saturation per cent (BSP) is high. The contents of available N, P, K and S and DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in soils are moderate and are commensurate with the contents of colloidal fractions. These soils receive several mineral nutrients annually with the sediments deposited during the monsoon floods. The characteristics like organic matter content, particle size distribution, CEC, pH and BSP that have important management implications have been discussed. Key words: Seasonally flooded soils; Physical and chemical attributes; Management implications DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v20i2.8978 DUJBS 2011; 20(2): 173-182


Author(s):  
Emanoel Lima Martins ◽  
Vânia Da Silva Fraga ◽  
Salomão De Sousa Medeiros

<p class="Normal1">This study aimed to evaluate the effect of treated wastewater application on soil organic matter and phosphorus recovery in an Anthroposol in the semiarid region. An experiment was carried out with irrigation of five caatinga forest species, in which three treatments were applied that consisted of the variation of water type and volume applied to the soil, 7 L per week of water supply, 7 L and 14 L per week of wastewater. After two years of irrigation, soil samples were taken and analyzed for soil organic matter and phosphorus. The organic matter content in the treatment with 14 L application of wastewater was five times higher in relation to the application of supply water in the superficial layer and eight times in the sub-surface, respectively. Based on the results found, we can say that the use of wastewater from treated domestic sewage can be considered an alternative for the recovery of the productive capacity of the soil by the increase in the organic matter and soil phosphorus contents. Irrigation with treated wastewater can provide a considerable increase in soil organic matter and phosphorus content up to 30 cm deep.</p>


Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake A. Brown ◽  
Robert M. Hayes ◽  
Donald D. Tyler ◽  
Thomas C. Mueller

Fluometuron adsorption and degradation were determined in soil collected at three depths from no-till + no cover, conventional-till + no cover, no-till + vetch cover, and conventional-till + vetch cover in continuous cotton. These combinations of tillage + cover crop + soil depth imparted a range of organic matter and pH to the soil. Soil organic matter and pH ranged from 0.9 to 2.5% and from 4.7 to 6.5, respectively. Fluometuron adsorption was affected by soil depth, tillage, and cover crop. In surface soils (0 to 4 cm), fluometuron adsorption was greater in no-till + vetch plots than in conventional-tilled + no cover plots. Soil adsorption of fluometuron was positively correlated with organic matter content and cation exchange capacity. Fluometuron degradation was not affected by adsorption, and degradation empirically fit a first-order model. Soil organic matter content had no apparent effect on fluometuron degradation rate. Fluometuron degradation was more rapid at soil pH > 6 than at pH ≤ 5, indicating a potential shift in microbial activity or population due to lower soil pH. Fluometuron half-life ranged from 49 to 90 d. These data indicate that tillage and cover crop may affect soil dissipation of fluometuron by altering soil physical and chemical properties that affect fluometuron degrading microorganisms or bioavailability.


2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanmin Yao ◽  
Liming Ye ◽  
Huajun Tang ◽  
Pengqin Tang ◽  
Deying Wang ◽  
...  

AbstractSoil organic matter (SOM) content is one of the most important indicators of soil quality and hence the productive capacity of soils. Northeast China (NEC) is the most important region in grain production in China. In this study,we assessed the spatiotemporal change of cropland SOM content in NEC using sampling data of 2005 and survey data of 1985. We also analysed the driving forces behind the SOM content change. Our results showed that SOM content decreased in 39% of all the cropland in NEC, while increase in SOM content was only detected on 16% of the cropland. SOM remained unchanged in nearly half (i.e. 45%) of the cropland. Our results also revealed that cropping intensity and fertilizer application were the two most important factors driving SOM change. Overall, results from this research provided novel details of the spatiotemporal patterns of cropland SOM content change in NEC which was not revealed in earlier assessments. The datasets presented here can be used not only as baselines for the calibration of process-based carbon budget models, but also to identify regional soil quality hotspots and to guide spatial-explicit soil management practices.


1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Fernando Abruña-Rodríguez ◽  
José Vicente-Chandler

The exchange capacity of the organic matter in typical soils of Puerto Rico was evaluated from: (1) The variation in the exchange capacity of soil samples following destruction of the organic matter, (2) titration curves of extracted organic matter, (3) and the correlations between exchange capacity and organic-matter content of soil samples. The first method was the most practical and gave fairly accurate results. The second method gave results which were in all cases too high. The third method, though probably the most accurate, is impractical. Results obtained with the first and third methods were similar. The exchange capacity of the organic matter varied rather widely, but was generally between 100 and 150 m.e. per 100 gm. On the average it accounted for about 25 percent of the total exchange capacity of the soils studied. The organic matter removed by flotation had the highest exchange capacity and the more readily oxidizable portions generally appeared to be the most active. This suggests the importance of conserving the more readily lost portions of the soil organic matter. A considerable portion of the soil organic matter was extremely resistant to oxidation, had a narrow C:N ratio, and apparently little exchange capacity. This suggests a close association between the organic matter and the inorganic soil colloids. The marked resistance to oxidation of a considerable portion of the organic matter may partly explain the high contents found even in continuously cultivated soils in Puerto Rico.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umrbek Sharipov ◽  
Martin Kočárek ◽  
Miroslav Jursík ◽  
Antonín Nikodem ◽  
Luboš Borůvka

Abstract This study focuses on the assessment of herbicide adsorption and degradation in three soils (Haplic Chernozem, Haplic Fluvisol, and Arenic Regozem) from different agricultural regions of the Czech Republic where sunflower is cultivated. Soil samples were used in laboratory batch sorption and degradation experiments for six herbicides commonly used on sunflower crops. The findings are used to examine the effect of soil and herbicide properties on adsorption and degradation, as well as to determine the possible relation between the two processes. The (Kf) sorption coefficient ranged from 1.07 to 135.37 cm3/n μg1-1/n g-1, and sorption increased in order: dimethenamid-p < pethoxamid < s-metolachlor < flurochloridone < aclonifen < pendimethalin. Sorption of all six herbicides was positively correlated with organic matter content (p < 0. 001), and cation exchange capacity (p < 0.001). pH was negatively correlated with the sorption of all six compounds (p < 0.001). Degradation rates of herbicides ranged from 0. 012 to 0. 048 day-1, which corresponding to (DT50) half-lives between 14 - 57 days respectively. The longer half-lives were always found in Haplic Fluvisol with higher organic matter content. Results showed that both adsorption and degradation of herbicides is mainly controlled by soil organic matter. A negative relationship was found between the sorption coefficient and the rate of degradation. It can be concluded that the Freundlich sorption coefficient (Kf) can be a good predictor for soil degradation of the studied herbicides.


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