The Causal Relations among Exercise Self-schema, Implicit Beliefs, Cognition Appraisal and Performance of Physical Activities in Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
In-Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activities ◽  
Implicit Beliefs ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Relative Age Effect in Canadian Hockey: Prevalence, Perceived Competence and Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Lemoyne ◽  
Vincent Huard Pelletier ◽  
François Trudeau ◽  
Simon Grondin
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
And Performance

The term “relative age effect” (RAE) is used to describe a bias in which participation in sports (and other fields) is higher among people who were born at the beginning of the relevant selection period than would be expected from the distribution of births. In sports, RAEs may affect the psychological experience of players as well as their performance. This article presents 2 studies. Study 1 aims to verify the prevalence of RAEs in minor hockey and test its associations with players' physical self-concept and attitudes toward physical activities in general. Study 2 verifies the prevalence of the RAE and analyzes the performance of Canadian junior elite players as a function of their birth quartile. In study 1, the sample is drawn from 404 minor hockey players who have evolved from a recreational to an elite level. Physical self-concept and attitudes toward different kinds of physical activities were assessed via questionnaires. Results showed that the RAE is prevalent in minor hockey at all competition levels. Minor differences in favor of Q1-born players were observed regarding physical self-concept, but not attitudes. In study 2, data analyses were conducted from the 2018–2019 Canadian Hockey League database. Birth quartiles were compared on different components of performance by using quantile regression on each variable. Results revealed that RAEs are prevalent in the CHL, with Q1 players tending to outperform Q4 players in games played and power-play points. No other significant differences were observed regarding anthropometric measures and other performance outcomes. RAEs are still prevalent in Canadian hockey. Building up perceived competence and providing game-time exposure are examples of aspects that need to be addressed when trying to minimize RAEs in ice hockey.

Stratégie optimale d’amaigrissement dans les sports à catégories de poids

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Paillard
Keyword(s):  
Food Restriction ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Training Intensity ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Performance Abilities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Short Time

Weight-class sports incite the sportsmen to loose weight to change class and increase their chance of success in competition. Although these sports are very demanding on the physiological level (high intensity), most of the competitors undertake caloric restrictions that are likely to induce physiological disorders detrimental to their health and sport performances. Two strategies allow to loose bodyweight. The first is maintained over a very short time (less than 1 week), the second is maintained over a longer period (several weeks). Managing weight reduction, food intake, and physical activities over several weeks is a particularly efficient way to conserve the sportsman’s performance abilities. On the other hand, the transgression of certain principles in only one of these fields is enough to deteriorate the sportsman's capacities of performance and (or) his health, whatever the duration of the period of the loss of weight. During food restriction, the carbohydrate and protein rations must be increased to prevent the unavoidable involutions of body composition and performance. In spite of food restriction, the training intensity must be high, and only the training volume must decrease to remain competitive.

Cardiovascular Responses of Three Profoundly Retarded, Multiply Handicapped Children during Selected Motor Activities

1985 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Mulholland ◽  
Alexander W. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Extended Period ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Video Technology ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Motor Activities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Times

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of physical activities on the cardiovascular performances of three institutionalized, profoundly retarded, multiply handicapped children. Heart rates were recorded during the completion of selected motor activities using a combination of telemetered electrocardiograms (ECG) and standard wireless microphone/video technology. Each subject participated in the experiment for a minimum of 6 weeks. The relationships between mean heart rates and performance times for each subject were evaluated throughout the experiment. Based upon the data collected, it was concluded that gross motor activities may have a significant effect on the cardiorespiratory functioning of profoundly retarded, multiply handicapped children, provided the activities are performed for an extended period of time and on a regular basis. The activities selected for use in this study were developmentally based, and no special consideration was given to their aerobic demands on the subjects. The subjects’ level of functioning dictated the use of developmental criteria rather than other, more fitness oriented, criteria that are usually applied to nonhandicapped individuals.

scholarly journals What Predicts Quality of Learners’ Study Efforts? Implicit Beliefs and Interest Are Related to Mastery Goals but Not to Use of Effective Study Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica X. Yan ◽  
Lisi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Study Strategies ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Implicit Beliefs ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mastery Avoidance ◽  
Approach Goals ◽  
Mastery Approach

What goes into motivating students to take effective action? Ideally, students are not only motivated to invest time into their studying, but that they use their time in effective and productive ways. In the present study, we surveyed college undergraduates (N = 366) about how they engage in one of their college courses. Specifically, we explored how their motivation-related implicit beliefs (ease and difficulty mindsets, intelligence mindset;Dweck, 2000; Fisher and Oyserman, 2017) interact with perceived course interest and course importance to predict their achievement goal orientation for the course and the quality of their study strategies. We used a person-centered latent profiles analysis approach categorize meaningful profiles of implicit beliefs. Those who were likely to highly endorse motivation-increasing implicit beliefs and who found a course interesting were also more likely to hold mastery-approach goals; the relationship, however, was more complicated for performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals. Implicit beliefs profiles themselves did not directly relate to strategy use, but goal orientation did. In particular, mastery-approach goal orientation was uniquely related to all three of the effective study strategies subscales (e.g., elaborative, standard testing, generative testing). Mastery-avoidance was related to less use of elaborative strategies, and performance-goals were not related to any type strategy use. Perceived course importance was positively related to increased passive and elaborative strategies, but not the standard testing or generative testing strategies. We discuss implications for interventions.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Discovering Upstream and Downstream Causal Relationships in Stock Market

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4484-4490
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Better Than

Causal relationships between events pertaining to stock market have potential to influence the stakeholders of the companies associated with those events. Understanding causal relationships in stock markets help in making intelligent decisions. Traditional prediction approaches cannot estimate the upstream and downstream causal relationships. Therefore, it is inevitable to consider portfolios that exhibit causal relationships. Simple correlation between variables may not reflect causal relationships unless there is an event that is the result of occurrence of another event. Finding upstream and downstream causal relationships is challenging. In the literature it is found that inter-transactional details can help in finding causal relationships. Based on this idea, in this paper, we planneda methodology to mine upstream and downstream causal relationships. An algorithm by name Upstream Downstream - Causal Relationship Mining (UD-CRM) is proposed to achieve this. The framework and underlying algorithm produce specific rules that are used to conclude causal relations. Experiments are made with stock dataset using a prototype application built. The experimental results revealed that the proposed framework is useful and performance better than existing approach.

scholarly journals Tracking and Monitoring Fitness of Athletes Using IoT Enabled Wearables for Activity Recognition and Random Forest Algorithm for Performance Prediction

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad K. ◽  
P. S. Aithal ◽  
Geetha Poornima K. ◽  
Vinayachandra
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Related Services ◽  
And Performance

Purpose: The progression in technology is made the best use of in every field. Sports analytics is an essential sector that has gained importance in this technology-driven era. It is used to determine the hidden relationships among different quantitative parameters that affect the performance of athletes. This type of analysis requires a large amount of data to be stored periodically. Cloud acts as a scalable centralized repository that can store the massive data essential for analysis purpose. From the technological perspective there are numerous wearable activity tracking devices, which will be able to provide feedback of physical activities. With the help of random forest (RF) algorithm it is possible to classify huge datasets to perform predictions. In this paper, different smart devices that can be used to measure physical activity, use of RF algorithm for converting data obtained from smart devices into knowledge are explored. A conceptual model that uses wearable devices for tracking and monitoring and RF algorithm to predict the performance is suggested. Methodology: The study was conducted by referring to scholarly documents available online and by referring to websites of companies offering healthcare and sports related services. A conceptual model is developed based on the theoretical perception that incorporates the components needed for measuring the physical activities to predict the performance of athletes. Findings/Result: In this paper the proposed system contains four major activities as Capture, Store, Analyze, and Predict. The model considers use of IoT-enabled wearable devices to measure the physical activities of athletes and the information collected will in turn be used to analyze predict their performance and suggest them how to increase the chances of winning. However, the outcome of a game does not only depend upon the PA of athletes. It depends also upon the physical, mental, emotional health, nutrition and many other factors. Originality: In this paper, a theoretical model is deduced to integrate IoT and RF Algorithm to track and monitor fitness of athletes using wearables for activity recognition and performance prediction. Paper Type: Conceptual Paper

scholarly journals Influência do alongamento muscular sobre o tempo de reação manual

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Luiz Bezerra da Silveira ◽  
Júlia Araujo De Figueiredo ◽  
Wallace Martins Vianna Ribeiro ◽  
César Rafael Marins Costa
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Muscle Stretching ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stretching Effect

Introdução: O alongamento muscular é uma prática popularmente realizada com o propósito de melhorar a qualidade de vida e o desempenho em atividades físicas. Alguns estudos científicos relatam efeitos deletérios desta prática relacionadas às respostas mecânicas e neurais para a realização do movimento, os quais poderiam ser diretamente interferentes em variáveis como o tempo de reação manual (TRM), visto que, rapidez e precisão nesta variável são fundamentais  em diversas atividades da vida diária, em algumas profissões e, especialmente, para o desempenho em exercício.Objetivo: O presente comentário teve por objetivo examinar e discutir o efeito das diferentes técnicas e volumes de alongamento muscular sobre o TRM e suas consequências.Conclusão: O baixo volume de alongamento (≤ 30s), independentemente da técnica ou intensidade, não interfere sobre o TRM. Face ao que se apresenta na literatura sobre o tema, não é possível realizar julgamento conclusivo da associação de alto volume de alongamento (duração > 30s) com a resposta motora manual. Adicionalmente, é imperativo estudos que objetivem avaliar o efeito do alongamento sobre o TRM, em mulheres ou associado ao dimorfismo sexual.Influence of Muscle Stretching on Hand Reaction TimeIntroduction: Muscle stretching is a popular practice with the purpose of improving quality of life and performance in physical activities, although some scientific studies report negative effects related to mechanical and neural responses to the movement, which could directly interfere in variables such as hand reaction time (HRT). Since, speed and precision in this variable are fundamental in several activities of daily living, in some professions, and especially for performance in exercise.Objective: This commentary aims to examine the state of the art on the effect of different techniques and volumes of muscle stretching on HRT and its consequences.Conclusion: Literature suggests that stretching volume (≤ 30s), regardless of technique or intensity, is not able to interfere on HRT. On the other hand, it´s not possible to make a conclusive judgment on whether high stretching volume (> 30s) is able to compromise hand motor response. Additionally, other studies are imperative to evaluate the stretching effect on HRT for women, or its association to sexual dimorphism.

scholarly journals Immediate effect of manual therapy techniques on the limitation of ankle dorsiflexion: a randomized, controlled, blind clinical trial protocol

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus de Castro Silva ◽  
Rodrigo de Marche Baldon ◽  
Carolina Lins ◽  
Gustavo Martins de Andrade ◽  
Gustavo Barros Braga de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Joint Mobilization ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Background The range of motion (RoM) of dorsiflexion (DF) plays an important role in human mobility, such as absorption of body weight during gait deceleration, jump landings, balance, and eccentric movements. This limitation can generate potentially damaging movements. This way, evaluating techniques for DF RoM increase could help improve immediate performance in such functional activities. This being the case, the objective of this study will be to verify the sum effect of different joint mobilization techniques for DF gain in persons practicing physical activities and its relationship with functional performance and balance. Methodology This is a randomized, controlled, and blind clinical trial. Fifty-four (54) volunteers will be recruited, aged between 18 and 40 years, who have DF limitations. After checking eligibility criteria, the participants will be submitted to a physiotherapeutic evaluation. A researcher, blind to evaluation and treatment, will perform the randomization of patients in groups: (A) Joint Mobilization - Mulligan Concept and (B) Joint Mobilization - Maitland Method. All volunteers will be submitted by two blind evaluators for randomization and treatment groups. They will realize the initial evaluation (A0), immediately after techniques (A1) and after 3–4 days of the technique application (A2). A different researcher, blind for evaluation, will perform the treatment, according to the randomization group. Discussion It is already known that DF RoM limitation can lead to compensatory and potentially damaging lower limb movements and that joint mobilizations are effective to treatment. However, there is no consensus whether the application of these techniques would also improve aspects of dynamic postural balance and performance in individuals practicing physical activity, and whether the sum of two joint mobilization techniques could enhance this effect. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) RBR-93xv9t. Registered on 09 April 2020.

Transmission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Analysis with the Siemens ELMISKOP 101

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
H. M. Thieringer
Keyword(s):  
Objective Lens ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Ray Path ◽  
Beam Diffraction

It has repeatedly been show that with conventional electron microscopes very fine electron probes can be produced, therefore allowing various micro-techniques such as micro recording, X-ray microanalysis and convergent beam diffraction. In this paper the function and performance of an SIEMENS ELMISKOP 101 used as a scanning transmission microscope (STEM) is described. This mode of operation has some advantages over the conventional transmission microscopy (CTEM) especially for the observation of thick specimen, in spite of somewhat longer image recording times.Fig.1 shows schematically the ray path and the additional electronics of an ELMISKOP 101 working as a STEM. With a point-cathode, and using condensor I and the objective lens as a demagnifying system, an electron probe with a half-width ob about 25 Å and a typical current of 5.10-11 amp at 100 kV can be obtained in the back focal plane of the objective lens.

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