scholarly journals Preliminary Studies Regarding the Selection of Species and Types of Pot and Container for Vegetable Growing

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Mirabela GACHE (LUNGU) ◽  
Neculai MUNTEANU ◽  
Vasile STOLERU ◽  
Gabriel TELIBAN ◽  
Carmen CABA (INCULEŢ)
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Selection Of Species ◽  
Choice Of Species ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of the research reported in this paper was to evaluate the possibility of growing vegetable plants in pots and containers by optimizing the choice of species and cultivars and the type of pot or container based on the information available in the literature and on the basis of our own experience. Taking into account the purpose and objectives of this paper, the study is structured to respond to each  bjective considered. Information on crops in pot and containers shows that if the climatic conditions necessary for growth and development areoptimal, basically any vegetable species can be grown in this system (Purnell, 2007). Concerning the pots in which vegetable plants can be grown, they are diverse and may be chosen specifically for this type of culture or can be assigned to provide the space necessary for plant growth for different species.

scholarly journals Залежність тривалості фаз вегетаційного періоду у гречки від погодно-кліматичних факторів середовища

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
О. В. Тригуб ◽  
В. В. Ляшенко
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Thermal Coefficient ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Sowing Time

Мета статті – вивчення тривалості вегетаційного періоду у гречки і його фаз в контрастних за параметрами тепло- і вологозабезпечення умовах середовища. Методика дослідження. Наведено результати аналізу селекційного та місцевого матеріалу 156 сортів та форм гречки звичайної різного походження із Національної колекції України протягом 2014-2018 років в Устимівській дослідній станції рослинництва. Результати дослідження. За результатами вивчення проведено розподіл скоростиглих та середньостиглих зразків на підгрупи за рівнем вираження показників та походження матеріалу. Крім рівня вираження ознаки, визначено і проаналізовано варіабельність тривалості основних міжфазних періодів у гречки та залежність їх від погодно-кліматичних умов (за рівнем гідро-термічного коефіцієнта). Для використання в селекційних дослідженнях рекомендовано зразки із певних підгруп груп стиглості як базовий і більш потенційно стабільний вихідний матеріал, а також визначено певні унікальні генотипи як потенційні джерела з генетично контрольованою тривалістю певних міжфазних періодів вегетації. Потреба в такому матеріалі визначається необхідністю контролю за тривалістю фаз росту та розвитку рослин для уникнення чи протидії несприятливим факторам зовнішнього середовища і як приклад – можливістю використання різних агротехнічних прийомів при вирощуванні гречки (строки посіву, сорти різних термінів достигання тощо). Елементи наукової новизни. Порівняно тривалість фаз вегетаційного періоду сортів та форм гречки за різних погодних умов із визначенням гідро-термічного коефіцієнта кожного міжфазного періоду росту і розвитку рослин. Встановлено статистичні параметри обумовленості прояву показників тривалості міжфазних періодів у різних за стиглістю сортів гречки. Практична значущість. Виділено потенційно більш придатні для селекційного використання сорти та місцеві форми в селекції матеріалу з чітко контрольованими параметрами тривалості міжфазних вегетаційних періодів. Визначено унікальні за своїми характеристиками еталонні зразки гречки та рекомендовано їх як вихідний матеріал з різною тривалістю вегетації, але досить значною її стабільністю. The aim of the article is studying the duration of the growing period and its phases in contrasting environmental conditions concerning heat and moisture provision. Methods of the research. The analysis results of the selection and local material of 156 buckwheat varieties and forms of various origin from the National Collection of Ukraine during 2014–2018 in the Ustymivka experimental station of plant growing gave been presented. The research results. According to the results of the study, the early- and mid-ripening samples were distributed into subgroups according to the level of expressing indicators and the origin of the material. In addition to the level of expressing the trait, the variability of the duration of the main interphase periods in buckwheat and their dependence on weather and climatic conditions (according to the level of hydro-thermal coefficient) were determined and analyzed. For using in breeding researches, the samples from definite subgroups of ripening were recommended as basic and potentially more stable parent material, and also certain unique genotypes were identified as potential sources with genetically controlled duration of certain interphase vegetation periods. The need in such material is determined by the necessity of controlling the duration of plant growth and development phases to eliminate the influence or counteraction to unfavorable environmental factors and, as an example, the possibility of using various agro-technical methods for growing buckwheat (sowing time, varieties of different ripening time, etc.). The elements of scientific novelty. The duration of the vegetation period phases of buckwheat varieties and forms at different weather conditions with defining the hydro-thermal coefficient of each interphase plant growth and development period have been compared. The statistical parameters of stipulating the manifestation of the interphase periods’ duration indices in different buckwheat varieties concerning their ripening qualities were established. Practical importance. Potentially more suitable varieties for breeding and the local forms in the selection material with strictly controlled parameters of interphase vegetation periods’ duration were distinguished. The unique standard samples of buckwheat as to their characteristics were determined and recommended as a parent material with different vegetation duration, but rather considerable stability.

Protein import into chloroplasts: an ever-evolving storyThis review is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Issue on Plant Cell Biology.

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Protein Import ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Envelope Membranes ◽  
Inner Envelope ◽  
Selection Of

Chloroplasts are but one type of a diverse group of essential organelles that distinguish plant cells and house many critical biochemical pathways, including photosynthesis. The biogenesis of plastids is essential to plant growth and development and relies on the targeting and import of thousands of nuclear-encoded proteins from the cytoplasm. The import of the vast majority of these proteins is dependent on translocons located in the outer and inner envelope membranes of the chloroplast, termed the Toc and Tic complexes, respectively. The core components of the Toc and Tic complexes have been identified within the last 12 years; however, the precise functions of many components are still being elucidated, and new components are still being identified. In Arabidopsis thaliana (and other species), many of the components are encoded by more than one gene, and it appears that the isoforms differentially associate with structurally distinct import complexes. Furthermore, it appears that these complexes represent functionally distinct targeting pathways, and the regulation of import by these separate pathways may play a role in the differentiation and specific functions of distinct plastid types during plant growth and development. This review summarizes these recent discoveries and emphasizes the mechanisms of differential Toc complex assembly and substrate recognition.

Interpretation and Analysis About Energy Savings in Commercial Green Houses Using Custom-Made Shadenets As Well As Thermal Reflective Screens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subin MattaraChalill ◽  
Chinnapalaniandi Periasamy ◽  
Pillai Nandakumar ◽  
Ram Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Selection Of

Greenhouses are known to be the modern outlook for the agronomical industry in terms of high-end yield especially in the regions where climatic conditions are not stable like in the Middle East, Europe, and United States. Crop optimization is one of the major challenges facing the farmers and the controlled production centers can dictate this difficulty in the upcoming market. Greenhouses are considered as the high -tech production centers which can support the food industry to have a green revolution through the mass production of the vegetables and spices. Properly designed commercial greenhouses can increase the yield by minimizing the operational cost especially in terms of reducing the energy consumption. In order to have a properly designed greenhouse, the selection or up gradation of the shade structures can play a vital role. Conventional greenhouses are made of polycarbonate sheets and in some cases the polyhouses by using simple polyethylene sheets. In this scenario, the main drawbacks were the energy consumption, operational expenses and the effectiveness of the indoor temperature control. Custom designed shades based on the crop requirements can provide high production rate by reducing the energy consumption. The detailed microstructural analysis in conjunction with the photosynthesis demand can provide a better selection of the shade-net or curtains. Greenhouse shade structure can be upgraded using the motorized specially designed nets or by using thermal-reflective screens. This up gradation can provide four stage advantages. In stage one this can decrease the 50% of heat energy and which will save the HVAC operational cost. During the stage, two better temperature control during the day and night will provide a good environment to provide proper PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation)[5] for photosynthesis, in the wavelength range of 400 to 700 nanometer. Third and fourth stages are the protection from the frost as well heat stress during the different climatic conditions. In the present market condition, the commercial greenhouses are being built in large scale by neglecting the energy saving options in shade structures. The commercial greenhouses using the upgraded shade structures can save the operational cost by 25 to 30%. Selection of this shade-nets or curtains can be done using the detailed microstructural analysis of the material. Shade-nets/curtains can be controlled manually, mechanically or can be automated in large-scale greenhouses. Flowering dates in the plants can be accelerated using the shading materials and delayed by the use of control treatment, which coincides with the results obtained in the previous studies [1]. This has proven with high land experiments [2]. Greenhouse shade nets are used in order to protect crops and plants from adverse weather conditions, animals and pests, besides providing suitable conditions for plant growth. The essential performance properties required for greenhouse shade nets are the resistance to solar radiation and weathering. The intensity of the Photo Synthetically Active Radiation (PAR) directly influences plant growth. Other nonvisible radiations are ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR) and far infrared (FIR)[16]. Polypropylene and polyester are more resistant to UV radiation than polyethylene, which is resistant to radiations in the visible region. The use of greenhouse shade nets in outdoor conditions also requires them to be resistant to abrasion[3]. The objective of the present work is to examine the effectiveness of the properly selected shade-net/curtain in commercial greenhouses in terms of high yield energy savings. This study was conducted to compare the traditional polycarbonate sheet with the innovation of properly designed shade curtain made-up from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) fiber reinforced material discover the best shading method for plant growth in an ideal energy conservation scenario. The study was conducted in the two identical greenhouses (planted with lettuce crop) located in Al Khawaneej farm in the Emirate of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. Yield versus the energy consumption has been observed in a period of time and obtained the reduction in energy consummation of almost 20 to 30 %.

scholarly journals Introduction of ginger (zingiber officinale) plant in surkhandaryo soil-climate conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 316-318
Author(s):  
Kadirova Dilbar Normuminovna ◽  
Abdullayeva Gulnoza Komiljonovna
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Soil Climate ◽  
Selection Of

To observe the growth and development of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in the soil-climatic conditions of Termez district of Surkhandarya region and to conduct research and experiments on the plant to study the effects of environmental factors on the plant. Selection of experimental options and observations. Under the influence of external environmental factors, the plant sprouts at different times. The medicinal properties of the plant are also being studied in the literature.

scholarly journals Importance of Trees Outside Forest (TOF) for immediate earthquake response

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
P Ghimire ◽  
P Paudel ◽  
B Bhatta ◽  
P Gautam ◽  
N Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Response ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Schima Wallichii ◽  
Selection Of Species ◽  
Choice Of Species ◽  
Statistical Conclusion ◽  
Trees Outside Forest ◽  
Selection Of

A study was carried out in Thulosirubari village of Chautara Sangachowkgadi municipality of Sindhupalchok district, Nepal to analyse the importance of TOF for immediate earthquake response and recovery. More than 80% of the households have trees in their own land with species such as Chilaune (Schima wallichii), Kutmiro (Litsea monopetala), Khote Salla (Pinus roxburghii) and Bamboo are common. Among surveyed households (134), more than 75% respondents reported that they used Schima wallichii for pillar (Khaba) to make temporary houses, whereas bamboo was used for all kind of poles (Dada/Vata/Balo) in more than 80% of temporary houses. Both Bamboo and Schima wallichii were either extracted from their own land or from neighbour's land, i.e. TOF which were easily available and collected as required. We could not draw any statistical conclusion in choice of species to construct temporary houses by wealth categories. However, we have observed that people who have sufficient and varieties of trees in own land, have selected strong and hard wood for permanent house construction whereas those who do not have choice, are limited to use any of the available tree species. People were highly aware about importance of trees to cope with disaster; however selection of species was still debatable because of limited knowledge and researches. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2020, 6(1): 9-16

Mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis and response in plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Ethylene Signalling

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, yet it has profound effects on plant growth and development, including many agriculturally important phenomena. Analysis of the mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signalling have resulted in the elucidation of multistep mechanisms which at first glance appear simple, but in fact represent several levels of control to tightly regulate the level of production and response. Ethylene biosynthesis represents a two-step process that is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, thus enabling plants to control the amount of ethylene produced with regard to promotion of responses such as climacteric flower senescence and fruit ripening. Ethylene production subsequently results in activation of the ethylene response, as ethylene accumulation will trigger the ethylene signalling pathway to activate ethylene-dependent transcription for promotion of the response and for resetting the pathway. A more detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and the ethylene response will ultimately enable new approaches to be developed for control of the initiation and progression of ethylene-dependent developmental processes, many of which are of horticultural significance.

Response of Poinsettia Growth and Development to Ratio of Radiant to Thermal Energy

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 508e-508
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Royal D. Heins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Daily Light Integral ◽  
Highly Correlated

A concept of ratio of radiant to thermal energy (RRT) has been developed to deal with the interactive effect of light and temperature on plant growth and development. This study further confirms that RRT is a useful parameter for plant growth, development, and quality control. Based on greenhouse experiments conducted with 27 treatment combinations of temperature, light, and plant spacing, a model for poinsettia plant growth and development was constructed using the computer program STELLA II. Results from the model simulation with different levels of daily light integral, temperature, and plant spacing showed that the RRT significantly affects leaf unfolding rate when RRT is lower than 0.025 mol/degree-day per plant. Plant dry weight is highly correlated with RRT; it increases linearly as RRT increases.

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