scholarly journals Paraclinical Investigations in the Pathology of the Urinary System in Dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Sabina GHERGARIU ◽  
Mariana TĂTARU ◽  
Michail DIAKOSAVVAS ◽  
Loredana Elena OLAR ◽  
Sorin Marian MÂRZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Urinary Sediment ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Functional Complexity ◽  
Spectrofluorimetric Analysis

In the pathology of the urinary system, given its structural and functional complexity, the clinician must correlate the data obtained from the clinical and paraclinical examination. The aim of the study was to identify and apply the most relevant paraclinical methods for establishing the diagnosis of renal disease in dogs and to develop a reliable and easy to use working protocol. The biological material consisted of 25 dogs of different ages and sexes. The conventional and contrast-enhanced radiological examination together with the ecography, spectrofluorimetric analysis, urinary sediment examination, renal biopsy, cytological examination completed the disease information in order to establish a certitude diagnosis. In the management of patients with urinary disorders, the working protocol should include not only the animal anamnesis and a complete clinical examination but also a paraclinical examination which should be used depending on the patient’s clinical manifestations.

FEATURES OF THE COURSE AND TACTICS OF MANAGING CHILDREN WITH KIDNEYS AND URINARY TRACT DISEASES DURING THE PANDEMIC OF NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
I.M. Kagantsov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Sizonov ◽  
V.G. Svarich ◽  
K.P. Piskunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Significant Health

The novel coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2), which first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has been declared a global pandemic by WHO. COVID-19 affects people of all age groups. The disease in children is usually asymptomatic or mild compared to adults, and with a significantly lower death rates. Data on kidney damage in children with COVID-19, as well as the effect of coronavirus infection on the course of diseases of the genitourinary system, are limited, the risks of contracting a new coronavirus infection in children with significant health problems, including those with chronic kidney disease, remain uncertain. The pandemic has affected the activities of surgeons treating diseases of the urinary system in children. Since the prospects for the end of the pandemic are vague, it is necessary to formulate criteria for selecting patients who can and should be provided with routine care in the pandemic. The purpose of this review is to highlight the features of the clinical manifestations and treatment of children with COVID-19, occurring against the background of previous renal pathology or complicating its course.

Chronic Kidney Failure and Dialysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu V Durvasula ◽  
Jonathan Himmelfarb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Syndrome

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical syndrome arising from progressive kidney injury, formerly known as chronic renal failure, chronic renal disease, and chronic renal insufficiency. It is classified into five stages based primarily on glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This article discusses the epidemiology of CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), as well as etiology and genetics, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis. The section on diagnosis looks at clinical manifestations and physical findings, laboratory (and other) tests, imaging studies, and biopsy. A short section on differential diagnosis is followed by a discussion of treatment, including hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Long-term complications of patients on dialysis include cardiovascular disease, renal osteodystrophy, dialysis-related amyloidosis, and acquired cystic disease (renal cell carcinoma). The final section addresses prognosis and socioeconomic burden. Figures include the classification system for CKD, prevalence of CKD in the United States, rising prevalence, risk of, and leading causes of ESRD in the United States, plus the changing prevalence of ESRD over time, clinical manifestations of uremia, and an overview of hemodialysis circuit. Tables look at the burden of CKD relative to other chronic disorders, the specific hereditary causes of kidney disease, and situations when serum creatinine does not accurately predict GFR. Other tables list equations for estimating GFR, the causes of CKD without shrunken kidneys, and clinical features distinguishing chronic kidney disease from acute kidney injury. ESRD and indications for initiation of dialysis are presented, as well as typical composition of dialysate and reasons for failure of peritoneal dialysis. This chapter contains 71 references.

Chronic Kidney Failure and Dialysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu V Durvasula ◽  
Jonathan Himmelfarb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Syndrome

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical syndrome arising from progressive kidney injury, formerly known as chronic renal failure, chronic renal disease, and chronic renal insufficiency. It is classified into five stages based primarily on glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This article discusses the epidemiology of CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), as well as etiology and genetics, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis. The section on diagnosis looks at clinical manifestations and physical findings, laboratory (and other) tests, imaging studies, and biopsy. A short section on differential diagnosis is followed by a discussion of treatment, including hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Long-term complications of patients on dialysis include cardiovascular disease, renal osteodystrophy, dialysis-related amyloidosis, and acquired cystic disease (renal cell carcinoma). The final section addresses prognosis and socioeconomic burden. Figures include the classification system for CKD, prevalence of CKD in the United States, rising prevalence, risk of, and leading causes of ESRD in the United States, plus the changing prevalence of ESRD over time, clinical manifestations of uremia, and an overview of hemodialysis circuit. Tables look at the burden of CKD relative to other chronic disorders, the specific hereditary causes of kidney disease, and situations when serum creatinine does not accurately predict GFR. Other tables list equations for estimating GFR, the causes of CKD without shrunken kidneys, and clinical features distinguishing chronic kidney disease from acute kidney injury. ESRD and indications for initiation of dialysis are presented, as well as typical composition of dialysate and reasons for failure of peritoneal dialysis. This chapter contains 71 references.

NEPHROTIC SYNDROME IN EARLY INFANCY AS A MANIFESTATION OF CONGENITAL SYPHILIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-641
Author(s):  
Angelos C. Papaioannou ◽  
Gertrude G. Asrow ◽  
Natalie H. Schuckmell
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Serum Fractionation

The case of a 10-week-old infant with a nephrotic syndrome due to congenital syphilis is presented. Negative prenatal history for venereal disease may be misleading. Therefore, a renewed emphasis of congenital syphilis as an etiologic factor of the nephrotic syndrome in early infancy is proposed. Protein in serum fractionation by paper electrophoresis may be of assistance in the differentiation of a primary or secondary renal disease. Early diagnosis of congenital syphilis as a cause of the nephrotic syndrome and specific antisyphilitic therapy will result in prompt remission of the clinical manifestations of this disease.

Sarcoidosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P Baughman ◽  
Mary Beth Scholand
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Sarcoidosis ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Noncaseating Granuloma ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Löfgren Syndrome ◽  
Noncaseating Granulomas

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by the presence of noncaseating granulomas, which accumulate in affected organs. The incidence, organ involvement, and disease severity depend on environmental exposures and host factors. The cause of sarcoidosis remains unknown. Any organ can be affected; however, involvement of the lung, heart, and nervous system contributes most to morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the epidemiology, etiology, genetics, pathogenesis, diagnosis (including clinical manifestations), differential diagnosis, management, complications, and prognosis of sarcoidosis. Figures depict the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, radiographic stages of sarcoidosis, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of a patient with neurosarcoidosis, noncaseating granuloma from a tissue biopsy of a patient with sarcoidosis, various manifestations of sarcoidosis, approach to the use of anti-inflammatory therapy for sarcoidosis, and an algorithm for symptomatic disease.  This review contains 7 highly rendered figures, 7 tables, and 127 references Keywords: cardiac sarcoidosis, hilar lymphadenopathy, Löfgren syndrome, neurosarcoidosis, noncaseating granuloma, sarcoidosis, uveitis 

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestations of Cardiac Disease in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Under Maintenance Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Kumar Roka ◽  
Pratibha Bista Roka
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

Introduction: End stage renal disease presents with multiple clinical and systemic manifestations. The aim of the present study was to identify the early cardiac and other morbidities in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who were under maintenance hemodialysis.Methods: This was an observational, prospective study conducted in fifty established ESRD patients of 20 to 74 years under maintenance hemodialysis in Nephrology unit of Shree Birendra Hospital. Clinical examination, laboratory parameters, electrocardiogram and echocardiography findings were used to identify the morbidities. Results: Among all patients enrolled in the study 88.7% had anemia, 64.2 % systolic murmurs, 62.26 % pedal edema, 73.6 % fatiguability, 71.7 % angina, 24.4 % palpitations and 13.2 % had breathlessness on exertion.  62.26% of the patients had hypertension and 13.20 % had diabetes. In the electrocardiogram, prolonged QTc was observed in 10.4%, followed by T wave inversion in 9.4 % and finally low voltage complex comprised 7.6 %. The echocardiogram showed left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in 58.5 %, left ventricular hypertrophy (overall type) 49 % and valvular lesion like mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation 83 % and 58.5 % respectively. Conclusion: Cardiac co-morbidities are common in patients diagnosed with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis.

Feasability of real time contrast enhanced ultrasonography in renal disease (in French)

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
F Tranquart ◽  
JM Correas ◽  
A Martegani ◽  
B Greppi ◽  
D Bokor
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography

scholarly journals Changes in the urinary system in children with enterovirus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Svetlana P. Kokoreva ◽  
Natalya V. Kazartseva
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Urinary Sediment ◽  
Transient Nature

A significant increase in the incidence of enterovirus infections (EVI) with the development of multiple organ damage does not exclude the involvement of the urinary system organs in the pathological process. Materials and methods. 151 EVI children (103 cases with enterovirus meningitis (EVM), 48 children with other forms of EVI without damage of central nervous system) aged from 1 to 18 years. The frequency and nature of changes in urinary sediment and kidney function in patients with various EVI forms were studied. A highly sensitive marker of acute kidney injury - KIM-1 was used as a marker along with standard methods (determination of blood creatinine level with calculation of glomerular filtration rate) in 25 EVM patients. Results. Pathological changes in urinary sediment in EVI are registered in 37.75% of cases (27.1-42.72%, depending on the clinical form), more often in preschool children, are represented by unexpressed proteinuria and abacterial leukocyturia, and are of a short-term transient nature. 40% of EVM children patients showed an increase in the KIM-1 level above the standard values. Conclusion. The detection of KIM-1 in the urine of EVM children patients indicates the possible development of acute transient tubulointerstitial renal damage. At risk there are children with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis greater than 200×106/L, abacterial leukocyturia, and decreased glomerular filtration rate.

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