scholarly journals Seeds of Giant Dodder (Cuscuta reflexa) as a Function of Extract Procedure and Solvent Nature

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shazia NOUREEN ◽  
Sobia NOREEN ◽  
Shazia Akram GHUMMAN ◽  
Fozia BATOOL ◽  
Mahira ARSHAD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cuscuta Reflexa ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Orbital Shaker

Seeds of a renowned medicinal plant, giant dodder (Cuscuta reflexa), were assessed to appraise the effect of solvent and extraction technique variation on antioxidants potential. Dodder seed, also called cuscuta seed, has been considered superb tonic in traditional herbal medication for eyes, liver, spleen and kidney. Results show that selected solvent and procedure plays a key role in the composition and activity of extractable material. Three extraction procedures Orbital shaker, Decoction and Ultrasonic assisted extraction and five different solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, 100% methanol, 80% methanol and 60% methanol were used to get optimized conditions. Total phenolic and flavonoids content were found maximum in the extracts of aqueous organic system containing 80% methanol in Ultrasonic assisted extraction method but in case of tannins ethyl acetate and Orbital shaker extraction was found more suitable partner. Antioxidant estimation assays showed a little bit variation as DPPH and ABTS exhibited maximum inhibition in 80% methanol and Ultrasonic assisted extraction but 100% methanol was found better for FRAP assay. Decoction results were mostly in between the both Orbital shaker and Ultrasonic assisted extraction. Overall results indicate that coexistence of polar solvents and Ultrasonic assisted extraction gives a better choice for extractability of potent antioxidants from seeds. HPLC analysis confirmed presence of valuable phenolic acids. Pearson’s correlation coefficient reveals a significant relationship between extracted components and antioxidant capacity P< 0.05 or 0.01.

scholarly journals Influence of Extraction Scheme on the Antioxidant Potential of Caralluma tuberculata

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347
Author(s):  
Sobia NOREEN ◽  
Ishtiaq HUSSAIN ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas TARIQ ◽  
Shahid IQBAL ◽  
Fozia BATOOL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Orbital Shaker

Herbal industry of developing countries is facing several technical issues related to the extraction conditions in order to attain the maximum yield of a plant extract with maximum therapeutic attributes. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the best technique for respective herbal products. The effect of three different extraction techniques: ultrasonic assisted extraction, microwave assisted and orbital shaker assisted extraction, by using three solvents (80% methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate) on the antioxidant potential of Caralluma tuberculata stem (non-conventional vegetable) extracts were investigated. Folin-Ciocalteu method was applied on tested samples in order to find the concentration of total phenols. Therefore, the optimized extract of high yield and maximum total phenolic content was selected for further analysis like total flavonoid contents, FRAP, DPPH and ABTS scavenging potential. Quantification of phenolic acids in the extracts was also carried out by HPLC. Significant variation was observed in the yield of total phenols within the extracts, but better results were obtained in aqueous methanolic extract of ultrasonic assisted extraction, followed by microwave assisted and orbital shaker assisted extraction. Present findings supported the view that ultrasonic assisted extraction can be used for phytochemicals profiling, activity guided assays and the development of herbal products. Correlation coefficients of active principles indicated a significant relationship to antioxidant capacity P < 0.05.

scholarly journals Binary Solvent Extraction System and Extraction Time Effects on Phenolic Antioxidants from Kenaf Seeds (Hibiscus cannabinusL.) Extracted by a Pulsed Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hua Wong ◽  
Hwee Wen Lau ◽  
Chin Ping Tan ◽  
Kamariah Long ◽  
Kar Lin Nyam
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasonic

The aim of this study was to determine the best parameter for extracting phenolic-enriched kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinusL.) seeds by a pulsed ultrasonic-assisted extraction. The antioxidant activities of ultrasonic-assisted kenaf seed extracts (KSE) were determined by a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity assay, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay,β-carotene bleaching inhibition assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) evaluations were carried out to determine the phenolic and flavonoid contents in KSE. The KSE from the best extraction parameter was then subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify the phenolic compounds. The optimised extraction condition employed 80% ethanol for 15 min, with the highest values determined for the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assay. KSE contained mainly tannic acid (2302.20 mg/100 g extract) and sinapic acid (1198.22 mg/100 g extract), which can be used as alternative antioxidants in the food industry.

scholarly journals Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Bioactive Compounds by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction from Artichoke Wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-666
Author(s):  
Izzet Turker ◽  
Hilal Isleroglu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction

In this study, bioactive compounds were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and classical extraction processes using distilled water as solvent from artichoke leaves which are considered as agricultural wastes. Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content values of the obtained bioactive extracts were determined, and extraction yields and times were evaluated to compare the extraction processes. Also, the optimum extraction conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (extraction time and ultrasonic power) which provide the highest extraction yield were determined using D-optimal design by ‘desirability’ function approach. According to the results, bioactive extracts having high antioxidant capacity were obtained at shorter times and higher extraction yields were achieved by ultrasonic-assisted extraction process than classical extraction. The highest extraction yield was estimated as 98.46% with an application of 20.05 minutes of extraction time and 65.02% of ultrasonic amplitude for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process.

scholarly journals Optimasi Ekstraksi Berbantu Gelombang Ultrasonik pada Biji Melinjo Kerikil (Gnetum gnemon L., ‘Kerikil’) Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Bambang Kunarto ◽  
Sutardi Sutardi ◽  
Supriyanto Supriyanto ◽  
Chairil Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ultrasonic Bath ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction

Biji melinjo kerikil mengandung senyawa fenolik dan resveratrol sehingga berpotensi sebagai antioksidan, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan ekstraksi. Metoda ekstraksi konvensional (maserasi, perebusan, refluxing) mempunyai kelemahan yaitu terjadinya kerusakan senyawa fenolik akibat reaksi oksidasi, hidrolisis dan ionisasi selama proses ekstraksi. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini ekstraksi biji melinjo kerikil dilakukan menggunakan metode ekstraksi berbantu gelombang ultrasonik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk optimasi ekstraksi biji melinjo kerikil berbantu gelombang ultrasonik yang dilakukan pada berbagai waktu ekstraksi, suhu ekstraksi dan konsentrasi pelarut etanol. Surface response methodology digunakan untuk optimasi kondisi ekstraksi. Biji melinjo kerikil diekstrak menggunakan ultrasonic bath pada frekuensi 40 kHz dengan berbagai suhu (25, 30, 35, 40, 45oC), waktu ekstraksi (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 menit) dan konsentrasi pelarut etanol (40, 50, 60, 70 80%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum ekstraksi biji melinjo kerikil berbantu gelombang ultrasonik adalah pada suhu 30,18oC, waktu 33,01 menit dan konsentrasi pelarut etanol 71,04%. Pada kondisi ini, diperoleh yield ekstrak 18,41 ± 0,01%, total fenolik 11,26 ± 0,06 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid 533,70 ± 0,18 mg CE/100g, resveratrol 7,64 ± 0, 03%, IC50 sebesar 59,52 ± 0,04 ppm dan reducing power 76,31 ± 0,08%. Sebagai kesimpulan, optimasi ekstraksi biji melinjo kerikil berbantu gelombang ultrasonik menggunakan response surface methodology ini cukup baik karena nilai respon yang sebenarnya sesuai dengan nilai respon yang diprediksi.Melinjo kerikil seeds contain phenolic and resveratrol compounds so that it has the potential as an antioxidant, therefore extraction needs to be done. Conventional extraction methods (maceration, boiling, refluxing) have the disadvantage of devasting phenolic compounds due to oxidation, hydrolysis and ionization reactions during the extraction process. Therefore, in this study the extraction of melinjo kerikil seeds done by using the ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. The study aims to optimize ultrasonic-assisted extraction of melinjo kerikil seeds that be done at various extraction times, extraction temperatures and ethanol solvents concentrations. Response surface methodology was used to optimize experimental condition for extraction. Melinjo kerikil seeds were extracted by using ultrasonic bath at a frequency of 40 kHz with various temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40, 45oC), extraction time (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 minutes) and ethanol solvents concentrations (40, 50, 60, 70 80 %). The results showed that the optimum conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of melinjo kerikil seeds were at a temperature of 30.18oC, a time of 33.01 minutes and an ethanol solvent concentration of 71.04%. In this condition, obtained the extract yield 18.41 ± 0.01%, total phenolic 11.26 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g, total flavonoids 533.70 ± 0.18 mg CE/100g, resveratrol 7.64 ± 0,03%, IC50 in the amount of 59.52 ± 0.04 ppm and reducing power 76.31 ± 0.08%. As a conclusion, the optimization ultrasonic-assisted extraction of melinjo kerikil seeds by using response surface methodology is quite good because the actual response value is in accordance with the predicted response value.

scholarly journals Influence of Conventional and Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction on Phenolic Contents, Betacyanin Contents, and Antioxidant Capacity of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Shazini Ramli ◽  
Patimah Ismail ◽  
Asmah Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of extraction methods on antioxidant capacities of red dragon fruit peel and flesh. Antioxidant capacities were measured using ethylenebenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP). Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent while quantitative determination of total flavonoid content (TFC) was conducted using aluminium trichloride colorimetric method. Betacyanin content (BC) was measured by spectrophotometer. Red dragon fruit was extracted using conventional (CV) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UE) technique to determine the most efficient way of extracting its antioxidant components. Results indicated that UE increased TFC, reduced the extraction yield, BC, and TPC, but exhibited the strongest scavenging activity for the peel of red dragon fruit. In contrast, UE reduced BC, TFC, and scavenging activity but increased the yield for the flesh. Nonetheless, UE slightly increases TPC in flesh. Scavenging activity and reducing power were highly correlated with phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Conversely, the scavenging activity and reducing power were weakly correlated with betacyanin content. This work gives scientific evidences for the consideration of the type of extraction techniques for the peel and flesh of red dragon fruit in applied research and food industry.

scholarly journals Filter Cake Oil-Wax as Raw Material for the Production of Biodiesel: Analysis of the Extraction Process and the Transesterification Reaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Casas ◽  
Y. Hernández ◽  
C. Mantell ◽  
N. Casdelo ◽  
E. Martinez de la Ossa
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Orbital Shaker

The viability of using the waste obtained in the manufacture of sugar from sugarcane for the production of biodiesel has been analyzed. Two fundamental stages are necessary to obtain biodiesel; the first stage is the extraction process from the waste oil materials and the second is the transesterification reaction. Four techniques, Soxhlet, orbital shaker extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction, have been analyzed. For Soxhlet, orbital shaker extraction, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, the organic solvent (hexane) was maintained for all experiment. In supercritical fluid extraction two solvents were evaluated: pure CO2and mixtures of CO2and 5% (v : v) methanol. The reaction kinetics of the transesterification reaction with an acidic catalyst and a basic catalyst were analysed. The results show that the supercritical extraction process produces a better product for the subsequent transesterification reaction. This finding is attributed to the high selectivity of carbon dioxide in the recovery of fatty acids and triglycerides in comparison with other solvents.

Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Walnut Extract as Influenced by the Extraction Method and Solvent

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Trandafir ◽  
Sina Cosmulescu ◽  
Violeta Nour
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

Abstract Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and individual phenolic compounds were assessed in full fat and defatted walnut kernel. For quantification of phenolic fraction of walnut kernels, two different solvents (methanol and ethanol) and two methods of extraction (ultrasonic-assisted extraction and Soxhlet extraction) were tested. Total phenolics, flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of alcoholic extracts varied depending on the solvent used and extraction methods. Seventeen phenolic compounds were detected and the study provides evidence on high phenolic contents and high antioxidant potential of full fat walnut kernel and defatted walnut kernel. The Soxhlet extraction is the best in terms of the amounts of total phenolic content (2,089.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dry matter), while the ultrasonic assisted extraction is a fast method but resulted in significantly lower phenolic content (667.3–1,426.8 mg gallic acid equivalent /100 g dry matter). The concentrations of phenolics (especially (+)-catechin hydrate, juglone, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, salicylic acid and ellagic acid) are many fold lower in ultrasonic-assisted extraction as compare to the Soxhlet method using the same extraction solvent. The results of this study provide evidence on high phenolic contents and high antioxidant potential of full fat and defatted walnut kernel.

scholarly journals Optimization Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) of Bioactive Compound and Antibacterial Potential from Sea Urchin (Diadema Setosum)

2020 ◽  
pp. 556-569
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Nur Fitriani Usdyana Atthamid ◽  
Sri Indriati ◽  
Rahmawati Saleh ◽  
Mahyati Latief ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Diadema Setosum

Sea urchins can be used in medicine, has potential as a new type of antibiotic to developed in the pharmaceutical field, which is rich in bioactive compounds as a steroid, triterpenoids, saponins, and antioxidant properties. Conventional extraction generally takes a long time, is less environmentally friendly, and potentially triggers bioactive compound damage, so it needs alternative methods such as Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE). The extracting technology, including ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and solvent variation (ethyl acetate and methanol) of bioactive compounds from sea urchin (Diadema setosum) were optimized and compared. The purpose of this study was to study the application of UAE and solvent variation methods for sea urchin extraction from the Barrang Lompo Island in South Sulawesi. Comparing the maceration and ultrasonic assisted extraction methods. Optimization of extraction with UAE was carried out on the variable of extraction duration and type of solvent. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry results show that ultrasound-assisted extraction generally produces compounds of CHOLEST-5-EN-3-OL (3. BETA.), palmitic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) -, methyl ester, stearic acid, oleic acid, flavonoids, phenols, pentadecanoic acid and batilol and streoid, which has a function as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-cancer agents and antibacterial. The results showed the best results using ultrasound-assisted extraction with a duration of 30 minutes and using solvent ethyl acetate. These results implied that extracts obtained by sonication showed the highest bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, thus proving that this activity depends directly on the antibacterial properties.

scholarly journals Effect of Post-Harvest Preservation and Extraction Methods on Antioxidant Properties of Alternanthera Sessilis Red

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Syafiqah Shaharuddin ◽  
Azizah Othman ◽  
Wan Nor I’zzah Wan Mohd Zain
Keyword(s):  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Superheated Steam Drying ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Steam Drying

Herbs with antioxidant properties are usually preserved and extracted before being converted into commercial products. The main focus of this study was to determine the effect of preservation of A. sessilis red as well as extraction method on its antioxidant properties. A. sessilis red was preserved using two different methods; freeze drying and superheated steam drying, followed by extraction with 70% ethanol using conventional extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Drying in the superheated steam oven displayed shorter drying period of 1 hour compared to freeze drying (several days). Combination of superheated steam drying and ultrasonic-assisted extraction showed the highest extraction yields (12.99%). Results showed that superheated steam drying and ultrasonic-assisted extraction displayed an increase in the total phenolic content. In terms of antioxidant capacity, A. sessilis extracts obtained from superheated steam drying has higher radical scavenging activity (72.39% - 76.70%) than those freeze-dried (60.68% - 65.33%). Meanwhile, ultrasonic-assisted extraction had negatively impacted the radical scavenging activity of the extracts due to the formation of free radicals that are related to acoustic cavitation. As for ferric reducing antioxidant power, both superheated steam drying and ultrasonic assisted extraction yielded extracts with greater capacity. Present result shows that the combination of superheated steam drying and ultrasonic-assisted extraction enhanced total phenolic content by 60% and improved antioxidant activity based on ferric reducing antioxidant power assay 

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