A Study on the Influence of Parental Economic Status on Educational Attainment and Wages

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-112
Author(s):  
Dug Ho Kim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Economic Status

scholarly journals The effect of socioeconomic status on informal caregiving for parents among adult married females: evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Jiajia Li ◽  
Lulu Ding ◽  
Yuejing Feng ◽  
Xue Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Married Female

Abstract Background Married female caregivers face a higher risk of an informal care burden than other caregivers. No study has explored the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on the intensity of informal care provided by married female caregivers in China. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine how the SES of married female caregivers affects the intensity of the informal care they provide for their parents/parents-in-law in China. Methods The data for this study were drawn from 8 waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). The respondents were married women whose parents/parents-in-law needed care and lived in the same city as them. SES was defined based on four indicators: education, economic status, employment status, and hukou (China’s household registration system). Informal caregivers were divided into three categories: non-caregivers (0 h/week), low-intensity caregivers (less than 10 h/week), and high-intensity caregivers (10 h/week and above). Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relation between SES and the likelihood of a low- and high-intensity caregiving among married female caregivers, adjusting for age, family characteristics and survey wave. Results Of the 2661 respondents, high-intensity and low-intensity caregivers accounted for 16.35 and 21.27%, respectively. The multinomial logistic regression results showed that the likelihood of being a high-intensity caregiver versus (vs. a non-caregiver) increased as the caregiver’s educational attainment increased (p < 0.05), and that high economic status was related to the likelihood of being a high-intensity caregiver, but this relationship was only significant at the 10% level. Urban females were 1.34 times more likely than their rural counterparts to provide low-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05) and were 1.33 times more likely to provide high-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05). Employed females were 1.25 times more likely than those unemployed females to provide low-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05). Conclusions Differences in SES were found between high-intensity caregivers and low-intensity caregivers. Women with high educational attainment and urban hukou were more likely to provide high-intensity informal care, and women who were employed and had urban hukou were more likely to provide low-intensity care.

scholarly journals Association of Economic Status and Educational Attainment With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. e193447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Polimanti ◽  
Andrew Ratanatharathorn ◽  
Adam X. Maihofer ◽  
Karmel W. Choi ◽  
Murray B. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Economic Status

scholarly journals Links between obesity, weight stigma and learning in adolescence: a qualitative study

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Langford ◽  
Alisha Davies ◽  
Laura Howe ◽  
Christie Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Causal Pathways

Abstract Background Educational attainment is a key social determinant of health. Health and education are linked by multiple pathways, many of which are not well understood. One such pathway is the association between being above a healthy weight and lower academic achievement. While various explanations have been put forward to explain this relationship, evidence for causal pathways is sparse and unclear. This study addresses that evidence gap. Methods We interviewed 19 adults (late 20s; 14 female, 5 male) and one young person (14 years, male) from the UK in 2019/2020. Participants were recruited from the ALSPAC 1990s birth cohort, sampled to ensure diversity in socio-economic status and educational attainment, and a community-based weight management group for young people. Interviews focused on experiences of being above a healthy weight during secondary school and how this may have affected their learning and achievement. Interviews were face-to-face, digitally recorded, and transcribed verbatim. We analysed the data thematically. Results We identified key pathways through which higher body weight may negatively impact educational performance and showed how these are linked within a novel theoretical model. Because larger body size is highly stigmatised, participants engaged in different strategies to minimise their exposure to negative attention. Participants sought to increase their social acceptance or become less socially visible (or a combination of both). A minority navigated this successfully; they often had many friends (or the ‘right’ friends), experienced little or no bullying at school and weight appeared to have little effect on their achievement at school. For most however, the behaviours resulting from these strategies (e.g. disruptive behaviour, truanting, not working hard) or the physical, social or mental impacts of their school experiences (e.g. hungry, tired, self-conscious, depressed) made it difficult to concentrate and/or participate in class, which in turn affected how teachers viewed them. Conclusions Action to combat weight stigma, both within schools and in wider society, is urgently required to help address these educational disparities that in turn can impact health in later life.

scholarly journals Discovering Ecological Awareness of Filipino Education Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p37
Author(s):  
Genalyn P. Lualhati ◽  
Frances Jane A. Catibog ◽  
Rose Anne L. Holgado ◽  
John Mark A. Liwanag
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
School Level ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Education Students ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Ecological Awareness

Ecological awareness is a way of thinking about the world in terms of its interdependent natural and human systems, including a consideration of the consequences of human actions and interactions within the natural context. Hence, this research determined the level of ecological awareness of Filipino education students, with the aim of strengthening their ecological awareness through enrichment activities. The input of the study was determined by employing self-made questionnaire as the principal tool for gathering data. Through appropriate statistical tools and analyses of data, the study revealed that the respondents are greatly female individuals who belonged to the bracket of middle income, reached high school level which was the parent’s highest educational attainment and acquired General Weighted Average (GWA) in Natural Sciences (NS) ranging from 2.00-2.49. It also revealed that the respondents are aware when it comes to caring and practical competency. Further, it was revealed that there is no significant relationship between sex and ecological awareness while there is a significant relationship between socio-economic status, parent’s highest educational attainment, GWA in NS and ecological awareness. The above-mentioned findings recommend to conduct programs that integrate caring, knowledge, and action that determine potential to enhance student’s ecological awareness and promote transparency and public participation in decision-making, and access to justice in environmental matters.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status inequity in inpatient service utilization based on need among migrants: Evidence from a national study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Zhengyue Jing ◽  
Lulu Ding ◽  
Xue Tang ◽  
Yuejing Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
National Study ◽  
Inpatient Service ◽  
Middle Income

Abstract Background: Equity in access to healthcare is a major health policy challenge in many low- and middle- income countries. However, millions of people, especially migrants, do not have the adequate access to health care they need. This study aims to identify the socioeconomic status (SES) inequities in inpatient service utilization based on need among migrants by using a nationally representative study in China.Methods: The data used in this study was derived from the 2014 National Internal Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey collected by the National Health Commission of China. We used logistic regression method and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition and calculated the concentration index to measure inequities of SES in inpatient service utilization based on need. Sample weights provided in the survey were applied in all the analysis to represent the China population.Results: The total number of the migrants who needed inpatient service told by doctors was 7592, of which, 1667 (21.96%) did not use the inpatient services (unmet inpatient service need). Results showed that inpatient service utilization concentrated among high-SES migrants (Concentration Index: 0.041, p <0.001) and the decomposition results suggested that about 53.76% of the total SES gap in inpatient service utilization could be attributed to the gradient effect. After adjusting for other confounding variables, the odds ratios of inpatient service utilization by internal migrants with high SES according to educational attainment, economic status, and employment status were 1.41 (95% CI 1.08-1.85, p =0.012), 1.25 (95% CI 1.01-1.56, p =0.046), and 1.62 (95% CI 1.12-2.36, p =0.011), respectively.Conclusion: This study observed an inequity in inpatient service utilization where the utilization concentrates among high SES migrants. This suggests that future policies should make the reimbursement more pro-poor among migrants in primary care and use more effective policies targeting the migrants with low educational attainment and unemployed, such as health education activities.

Education and Its Discontents: Investigating Barriers to Schooling among De-notified and Nomadic Communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Kannabiran ◽  
Sujit Kumar Mishra ◽  
Soumya Vinayan ◽  
K. Jafar
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Nomadic Communities

This article is based on a study carried out between 2013–2015 in nine states in Central, Western and Southern India on socio-economic status and educational attainment among the de-notified, nomadic and semi-nomadic communities. The primary objective of the study covering 76 communities and 13,020 households was to track the barriers to educational attainment and the specific linkages between socio-economic status and education among these communities.

Socio-economic Characteristics Associated with Increased Suicide Risk Across 1887 Municipalities in Japan, 2009-2017.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Yoshioka ◽  
Sharon J.B. Hanley ◽  
Yukihiro Sato ◽  
Yasuaki Saijo
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Deprivation ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
Social Fragmentation ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Gender And Age

Abstract Previous studies have indicated that spatial variation in suicide mortality is associated with area-specific socio-economic characteristics, such as socio-economic deprivation and social fragmentation. However, most of these studies have been conducted in the West and findings from Asian countries are limited. This study aims to investigate associations between socio-economic characteristics and suicide mortality rates across 1887 municipalities in Japan between 2009 and 2017. Socio-economic characteristics were extracted from the 2010 census. We used single-person households and unmarried adults as indicators of social fragmentation, unemployment rate and educational attainment as indicators of socio-economic deprivation, and population density as an indicator of rurality. Bayesian hierarchical models were used to examine associations between socio-economic characteristics and suicide risk. Higher levels of both fragmentation and deprivation were significantly associated with higher rates of area-specific suicide risk. The strongest association was seen with educational attainment as an indicator of deprivation. Socio-economic status and suicide risk varied considerably by gender and age. Our results show that there are clear geographic and socio-economic inequalities associated with risk of suicide in Japan, which vary by gender and age. Suicide prevention in Japan should particularly focus on areas with high levels of deprivation.

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