scholarly journals Mortality from liver cirrhosis in Espírito Santo State, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335-1340
Author(s):  
Patricia Lofego Gonçalves ◽  
Carlos Sandoval Gonçalves ◽  
Fausto Edmundo Lima Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Annual Mortality

To study mortality from liver cirrhosis in Espírito Santo State, Brazil, we reviewed death certificates (DC) from 2000-2010 and medical records of deceased patients with investigation of alcoholism and hepatitis B or C. From a total of 218,410 DC, 3,554 deaths from liver cirrhosis were retrieved. The annual mortality rate was 19.8/100,000 for men and 4.31/100,000 for women, without significant changes after correction for ICD-R98 and R99 and without a significant increase in the annual percentage change. In 49% of death certificates, the aetiology of cirrhosis was defined: of these alcoholism in 81.5% of cases and viral hepatitis in 15.7%. Aetiology was confirmed in 262 reviewed records, including alcoholism (40.5%); hepatitis B or C (26.7%); other (3.8%); and cryptogenic (10.6%). The mean annual potential years of life lost were 5,946 years and 1,739 years for men and women respectively. The mortality rate from cirrhosis in Espírito Santo State is intermediate in relationship to worldwide data; alcoholism and hepatitis B or C were the main aetiologies; probably alcoholism is overestimated and hepatitis B and C viruses are underestimated as causes of cirrhosis registered on death certificates.

scholarly journals Perinatal Mortality Analysis in Espírito Santo, Brazil, 2008 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11671
Author(s):  
Italla Maria Pinheiro Bezerra ◽  
José Lucas Souza Ramos ◽  
Micael Colodetti Pianissola ◽  
Fernando Adami ◽  
João Batista Francalino da Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Information System ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Perinatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Espirito Santo

This is an ecological and time-series study using secondary data on perinatal mortality and its components from 2008 to 2017 in Espírito Santo, Brazil. The data were collected from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and Live Births Information System (SINASC) of the Unified Health System Informatics Department (DATASUS) in June 2019. The perinatal mortality rate (×1000 total births) was calculated. Time series were constructed from the perinatal mortality rate for the regions and Espírito Santo. To analyze the trend, the Prais–Winsten model was used. From 2008 to 2017 there were 8132 perinatal deaths (4939 fetal and 3193 early neonatal) out of a total of 542,802 births, a perinatal mortality rate of 15.0/1000 total births. The fetal/early neonatal ratio was 1.5:1, with a strong positive correlation early neonatal mortality rate, perinatal mortality rate, r (9) = 0.8893, with a significance level of p = 0.000574. The presence of differences in trends by health region was observed. Risk factors that stood out were as follows: mother’s age ranging between 10 and 19 or 40 and 49 years old, with no education, a gestational age between 22 and 36 weeks, triple and double pregnancy, and a birth weight below 2499 g. Among the causes of death, 49.70% of deaths were concentrated in category of the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases, fetuses and newborns affected by maternal factors and complications of pregnancy, labor, and delivery (P00–P04), and 11.03% were in the category of intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia (P20–P21), both related to proper care during pregnancy and childbirth. We observed a slow reduction in the perinatal mortality rate in the state of Espírito Santo from 2008 to 2017.

scholarly journals Hiv And Hepatitis B Virus Co-Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Leandro Júnior de Lima ◽  
Ana Lúcia Lyrio de Oliveira ◽  
Valdir Aragão Nascimento ◽  
Josiel Elisandro Werle ◽  
Priscila G. S. dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
B Virus

The clinical importance of HBV-HIV co-infection comes from the fact that both viruses are highly transmissible and share similar routes of transmission. Co-infected individuals are more likely to develop liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In view of the above, this manuscript is a quantitative, sectional, descriptive study with secondary data obtained from the analysis of medical records of 88 individuals with chronic hepatitis B. Thus, the purpose of this manuscript is to estimate the frequency of HBV-HIV co-infection and to identify the presence of liver damage. The results revealed an HBV-HIV co-infection rate of 9.1% (8//88), with two individuals being infected with the HIV-HBV-HCV virus concurrently. A large percentage of patients are male and heterosexual. There was a relationship between risky sexual behavior (sex without using a condom, multiple sexual partners) and the acquisition of hepatitis B and HIV. Related to the presence of liver lesions, it was observed that only one patient is diagnosed with liver cirrhosis, but there were no cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. Considering the increase in the quality of life and survival of people with HIV, the need to maintain protocols for the investigation of hepatocellular carcinoma is evident, thus seeking early detection and treatment.

scholarly journals Epidemiological analysis of strokes in Grande Vitória, Espírito Santo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina Mello Barreto ◽  
Amanda Ferraz Arita ◽  
Ana Carolina Coutinho Engelhardt Bravin ◽  
Julia Surrage da Matta ◽  
Maria de Fatima Araujo da Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
The World ◽  
Espirito Santo

Introduction: Stroke is a neurological syndrome resulting from a vascular injury that represents one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Thus, cerebrovascular diseases are increasing in Brazilian statistics, especially the ischemic stroke, responsible for the highest incidence in cases, therefore characterizing a major public health issue. Methods: In this descriptive and ecological study we used data provided by DATASUS concerning hospitalizations and deaths due to stroke, not specified as hemorrhagic or ischemic, occurred between January 2008 and December 2020 in the region of Grande Vitória, Espírito Santo (GV – ES). Results: Overall, there were 10,199 hospitalizations due to stroke in the GV-ES. The prevalence was 57.2% in brown-skinned people, 26.2% between ages from 60 to 69 years old (26.2%) and 52% in Vitória. Among 2008 until 2014 there was an increase of 788.9% in stroke hospitalizations however between 2015 and 2020 there was a 30.5% reduction. In total there were 1,309 deaths, 64% were brown-skinned people, 29.2% above 80 years old and 51.3% in Vitoria. From 2008 to 2019, a 144.5% increase in the mortality rate was observed. In the analyzes there was no difference regarding the gender. Conclusion: Data analysis inferred that old age and brown skin are risk factors for stroke in GV-ES, thereby requiring greater attention for screening and preventing this disease in those groups. Moreover, there was an increase in the mortality rate, even with reduction in the number of cases, reinforcing the need for effective and resolute care in the region.

The Tasmanian Trout Fishery. II. The Fishery of the North-West Region

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
North West ◽  
Hatchery Fish ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Trout Fishery ◽  
Annual Mortality

A brief account is given of the several rivers, and of the results derived from the study of the fishery in each. Anglers' returns of catches have been analysed with respect to the daily catch per angler for nine seasons, and the lengths of fish for five seasons, and the results are similar for each river. Detailed consideration of a summary of the data received from all sources in this region shows a definite downward trend in the daily catch which is statistically significant and more pronounced in the estuarine than in the inland fishery. There has been no change in the mean lengths of fish taken, and the size distribution of the catch has remained constant over five seasons. An 80 per cent. annual mortality rate has been found for fish from 1 to 6 years of age, after which it falls slightly. The total annual catch has risen with the increase in licensed anglers. Analysis of the diary of one angler over 27 years shows a decline in the catching rate, but the mean weight of fish has remained fairly constant. No direct consistent correlation was found between the estuarine trout fishery and the commercial whitebait fishery. It is concluded that the decline in catching rate is probably related to a change in the representation of anglers making returns during the nine seasons. A study of the contribution made by the release of hatchery fish shows a maximum possible return to anglers of 2 per cent., subject to a correction for the proportion of takable fish caught by anglers for which no data are available. Evidence is produced to show that the release of hatchery fish is unproductive and wasteful in a stream already stocked to capacity.

Depilatory Agents intoxication and factors contributing to its mortality: A 9-year review

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1454-1457
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Farzaneh ◽  
Babak Mostafazadeh ◽  
Nasim Zamani ◽  
Armen Eskandari ◽  
Mohammadali Emamhadi
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Emergency Ward ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Poisoning with depilatory agents is a rather uncommon entity in western countries. In this study, we describe poisoning with a corrosive arsenic-based depilatory agent (CABD) and factors related to its mortality in a poisoning center in Tehran. In a retrospective study, the medical records of all patients with CABD intoxication who attended the emergency ward of Loghman-Hakim hospital, the only poisoning center in Tehran, over a 9-year period between 2000 and 2009 were reviewed. The majority of patients were men (78.7%, n = 122 vs. women: 21.3%, n = 33). The mean age was 35.55 ± 16.68 years. Mean time of arrival to hospital was 3.63 hours (SD = 4.07). The mortality rate was 5.8% and increased significantly with higher amounts of ingestion and delay in arrival to hospital. CABD poisoning may be lethal if not treated promptly and correctly. Restriction or, if not practical, reduction of harmful components of this substance should be considered.

scholarly journals Etiology of liver cirrhosis in Brazil: chronic alcoholism and hepatitis viruses in liver cirrhosis diagnosed in the state of Espírito Santo

Clinics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
PL Goncalves ◽  
MP Zago-Gomes ◽  
CC Marques ◽  
AT Mendonca ◽  
CS Goncalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Alcoholism ◽  
The State ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Espirito Santo

Hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis TP53 mutation analysis reflects a moderate dietary exposure to aflatoxins in Espírito Santo State, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 4883-4887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Magri de Carvalho ◽  
Thiago de Almeida Pereira ◽  
Patrícia Lofego Gonçalves ◽  
Robson Dettmann Jarske ◽  
Fausto Edmundo Lima Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Mutation Analysis ◽  
Tp53 Mutation ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Espirito Santo

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Liver Cirrhosis Patients in Internal Medicine Inpatient Ward of Fatmawati General Hospital and Factors Affecting Mortality during Hospitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Nikko Darnindro ◽  
Annela Manurung ◽  
Edi Mulyana ◽  
Arnold Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Inpatient Ward ◽  
Average Length Of Stay

Background: liver cirrhosis is a global health problem. The mortality rate due to cirrhosis was estimated to achieve 1 million per year worldwide. The aim of this study is to elaborate the characteristics of patients  with liver cirrhosis and factors affecting mortality during hospitalization in Fatmawati General Hospital.Method: The design of this study was retrospective cohort involving patients admitted to the hospital between January and March 2019.Results: Among 41 liver cirrhosis patients, it was found that the average age was 52.9 ±13.8 years old and the percentage of male patients among participants was 75.6%. Patients who died during hospitalization was 12.2%. The average length of stay in hospital was 10.8±6.4 days. Patients were admitted to the hospital with various complaints; the most common complaint was gastrointestinal bleeding in 46.3%, decreased consciousness in 22% and massive ascites in 17.1% patients. Physical examination findings of anaemic conjunctiva, icteric sclera, and shifting dullness were found in 73.2%; 29.3% and 61% patients, respectively. Icteric condition during hospital admission has higher mortality risk with RR 9.6 (95% CI: 1.2-77.8). Approximately 53.7% cirrhosis patients were diagnosed with hepatitis B, while 22% of them  were diagnosed with hepatitis C. Coinfection of hepatitis B and C were found in 4.8% patients, while 29% patients were neither infected with hepatitis B nor C. Based on the laboratory examination, creatinine level 1.3 mg/dL had higher mortality risk with RR 8.3 (95% CI: 1.04-66.7), while natrium level ≤ 125 mmol/L had higher mortality risk with RR 26.4 (95% CI: 3.6-191). Based on Child-Pugh classification, 24.4% patients had Child-Pugh A, while 14.6% had Child Pugh C, and 39% patients could not be classified. The mean Child-Pugh score in this study was 8 ± 2.2. Through the bivariate analysis, we found the association between Child-Pugh classification and mortality; higher classification has higher mortality risk (p = 0.028). Child-Pugh C had mortality risk with RR = 9.5 (95% CI: 1.2-75.1).Conclusion: Liver cirrhosis patients were hospitalized due to the ongoing decompensation. The mortality rate during hospitalization in liver cirrhosis patients was high. Mortality in these patients was associated with icteric condition upon admission, high initial creatinine level, low sodium level, and high Child-Pugh classification.

Survival of Marked Lake Trout in Lake Manitou, Manitoulin Island, Ontario

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2257-2268 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Budd ◽  
F. E. J. Fry ◽  
J. B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Annual Mortality

Lake trout (491 in all), Salvelinus namaycush, planted as yearlings in Lake Manitou in 1952 were tagged at age VII when taken in trap nets during spawntaking operations. At the same time 259 native adult trout of unknown age were also tagged. In spawntaking operations in subsequent years tag numbers were noted for tagged fish recaptured and the fish returned to the lake after normal spawntaking. Both groups were estimated to have suffered a decrement of 25% per year. The lake trout planted were given a distinctive fin clip on planting so that comparisons of recaptures of tagged and untagged planted fish permitted estimates of the survival of the total plant. The mean annual mortality rate from the time of planting was also estimated at 25%. Trout planted later appeared to have suffered a similar mortality rate. Observations on planted lake trout of known age indicated that the peak age for first spawning in females was age VI. There is no predation by sea lamprey in Lake Manitou.

scholarly journals Paracoccidioidomycosis mortality in Brazil (1980-1995)

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1441-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziadir Francisco Coutinho ◽  
Delson da Silva ◽  
Márcia Lazéra ◽  
Valéria Petri ◽  
Rosely Magalhães de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sequential Data ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
Annual Mortality

This study analyzes 3,181 deaths from paracoccidioidomycosis in Brazil, based on 16 years of sequential data (from 1980 to 1995). During this period paracoccidioidomycosis showed considerable magnitude and low visibility, representing the eighth most common cause of death from predominantly chronic or recurrent types of infectious and parasitic diseases. It also had the highest mortality rate among the systemic mycoses. The mean annual mortality rate was 1.45 per million inhabitants, indicating a downward long-term trend (reduction of 31.28%), while spatial distribution among the different regions and States of Brazil was non-homogenous. The South (with the highest regional rate) and the Southeast showed a downward trend, while the Central West had the second highest rate in the country. At least one-fifth of Brazilian municipalities (or 22.71% of the country's total area) reported deaths from paracoccidioidomycosis. Overall nationwide mortality per area was 3.73/10,000km². The disease was endemic in non-metropolitan areas. The majority of deaths occurred in males (84.75%), and there was a sex ratio of 562 men/100 women. The 30-59-year and over-60-year age groups were the most affected. The study showed that the mortality rate justifies classifying this disease as a major health problem in Brazil.

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