scholarly journals Serology for brucellosis in free-ranging crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) and brown-nosed coatis (Nasua nasua) from Brazilian Pantanal

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2193-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles ◽  
Aiesca Oliveira Pellegrin ◽  
Igor Alexandre Hany Fuzeta Schabib Péres ◽  
Luis Antônio Mathias ◽  
Guilherme Mourão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization Assay ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
The Rose

A serological survey in free-ranging crab-eating foxes (Canidae: Cerdocyon thous) and brown-nosed coatis (Procyonidae: Nasua nasua) was performed in the Nhecolândia sub-region of the Brazilian Pantanal to evaluate the presence of anti-smooth Brucella antibodies on those wild populations. The detection of anti-smooth Brucella antibodies was performed by the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) as screening test and the Fluorescence Polarization Assay (FPA) as a confirmatory test. The frequency of smooth Brucella seropositive animals were 13.2% (5/38, 95% CI: 4.4% - 28.1%) for crab-eating foxes and 8.8% (3/34, 95% CI: 1.9% -23.7%) for brown-nosed coatis. No association was found between seropositivity for brucellosis and gender or age. The results of this study suggest exposure to or infection of crab-eating fox and brown-nosed coati from the Brazilian Pantanal by Brucella spp

scholarly journals Outcomes of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma evansi infections on health of Southern coati (Nasua nasua), crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), and ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in the Brazilian Pantanal

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e0201357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Martins Santos ◽  
Gabriel Carvalho de Macedo ◽  
Wanessa Teixeira Gomes Barreto ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues Oliveira-Santos ◽  
Carolina Martins Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal

scholarly journals Correction: Outcomes of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma evansi infections on health of Southern coati (Nasua nasua), crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), and ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in the Brazilian Pantanal

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0205613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Martins Santos ◽  
Gabriel Carvalho de Macedo ◽  
Wanessa Teixeira Gomes Barreto ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues Oliveira-Santos ◽  
Carolina Martins Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal

scholarly journals Variation in the prevalence and abundance of acanthocephalans in brown-nosed coatis Nasua nasua and crab-eating foxes Cerdocyon thous in the Brazilian Pantanal

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-542
Author(s):  
A. P. N. Gomes ◽  
A. Maldonado Júnior ◽  
R. C. Bianchi ◽  
J. G. R. Souza ◽  
P. S. D’Andrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Host Sex ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
Egg Abundance

Abstract Host infection by parasites is influenced by an array of factors, including host and environmental features. We investigated the relationship between host sex, body size and age, as well as seasonality on infection patterns by acanthocephalan in coatis (Procyonidae: Nasua nasua) and in crab-eating foxes (Canidae: Cerdocyon thous ) from the Brazilian Pantanal wetlands. Between 2006 and 2009, we collected faecal samples from these hosts and analyzed for the presence of acanthocephalan eggs. Prevalence, abundance and intensity of eggs of acanthocephalans were calculated. Egg abundance was analyzed using generalized linear models (GLM) with a negative binomial distribution and models were compared by Akaike criteria to verify the effect of biotic and abiotic factors. Prevalence of acanthocephalans was higher in the wet season in both host species but did not differ between host sexes; however, adult crab-eating foxes showed higher prevalence of acanthocephalan eggs than juveniles. In contrast, prevalence of acanthocephalan eggs found in coatis was higher in coati juveniles than in adults. Host age, season and maximum temperature were the top predictors of abundance of acanthocephalan eggs in crab-eating foxes whereas season and host sex were predictors of egg abundance in coatis. The importance of seasonality for abundance of acanthocephalan was clear for both host species. The influence of host-related attributes, however, varied by host species, with host gender and host age being important factors associated with prevalence and parasite loads.

scholarly journals Modulating Variables ofTrypanosoma cruziandTrypanosoma evansiTransmission in Free-Ranging Coati (Nasua nasua) from the Brazilian Pantanal Region

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Moreira Alves ◽  
Natalie Olifiers ◽  
Rita de Cassia Bianchi ◽  
Ana Claudia Duarte ◽  
Paulo Marcelo Tenório Cotias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Anaplasmataceae agents among wild mammals and ectoparasites in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (16) ◽  
pp. 3424-3437 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. M. DE SOUSA ◽  
A. C. CALCHI ◽  
H. M. HERRERA ◽  
J. S. DUMLER ◽  
D. M. BARROS-BATTESTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Amblyomma Parvum ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
Pantanal Wetland

SUMMARYAnaplasmataceae agents comprise obligate intracellular bacteria that can cause disease in humans and animals. Between August 2013 and March 2015, 31Nasua nasua(coati), 78Cerdocyon thous(crab-eating fox), sevenLeopardus pardalis(ocelot), 110 wild rodents, 30 marsupials, and 42 dogs were sampled in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil. In addition, ectoparasites found parasitizing the animals were collected and identified. The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence of Anaplasmataceae agents in wild mammals, domestic dogs and ectoparasites, by molecular and serological techniques. Overall, 14 (17·9%)C. thous, seven (16·6%) dogs and one (3·2%)N. nasuawere seroreactive toEhrlichia canis. Nine dogs, twoC. thous,oneN. nasua, eight wild rodents, five marsupials, eightAmblyomma sculptum,fourAmblyomma parvum,13A. sculptumnymphal pools, twoAmblyommalarvae pools and onePolygenis (Polygenis) bohlsi bohlsiflea pool were positive forEhrlichiaspp. closely related toE. canis. SevenN. nasua, two dogs, oneC. thous,oneL. pardalis, four wild rodents, three marsupials, 15A. sculptum, twoAmblyomma ovale,twoA. parvumand oneAmblyommaspp. larval pools were positive forAnaplasmaspp. closely related toA. phagocytophilumorA. bovis. The present study provided evidence that wild animals from Brazilian Pantanal are exposed to Anaplasmataceae agents.

scholarly journals Use of the Brucella melitensis Native Hapten To Diagnose Brucellosis in Goats by a Rapid, Simple, and Specific Fluorescence Polarization Assay

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ramírez-Pfeiffer ◽  
Efrén Díaz-Aparicio ◽  
Ricardo Gomez-Flores ◽  
Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla ◽  
Alberto Morales-Loredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Rose Bengal Test ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization Assay ◽  
The Rose

ABSTRACT The performance of the fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) using the recently described Brucella melitensis native hapten and the Brucella abortus O-polysaccharide tracer was evaluated and compared with those of The World Organization for Animal Health tests related to indirect and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as classification variables for goat sera obtained from a high-prevalence area where vaccination was performed; test series were also evaluated to increase the final specificity of the tests. Our results showed that the respective relative sensitivity and specificity were 99.7% and 32.5% for the rose Bengal test with a 3% cell concentration (RBT3), 92.8% and 68.8% for the rose Bengal test with 8% cell concentration (RBT8), 98.4% and 84.9% for the Canadian complement fixation test (CFT), 83.7% and 65.5% for the Mexican CFT, 98.4% and 81.0% for the buffered plate agglutination test (BPAT), and 78.1% and 89.3% for the fluorescence polarization assay (FPA). The use of the FPA as the secondary test significantly increased the final specificities of test combinations; the screening tests BPAT, RBT3, and RBT8 plus FPA resulted in 90%, 91.2%, and 91.3% final specificities, respectively, whereas for the combinations RBT3 plus Mexican CFT, RBT8 plus Mexican CFT, and BPAT plus Canadian CFT, the specificities were 65.5%, 63.2%, and 91.7%, respectively. The results suggested that the FPA may be routinely applied as an adaptable screening test for diagnosis of goat brucellosis, since its cutoff can be adjusted to improve its sensitivity or specificity, it is a rapid and simple test, it can be the test of choice when specificity is relevant or when an alternative confirmatory test is not available, and it is not affected by vaccination, thus reducing the number of goats wrongly slaughtered due to misdiagnosis.

scholarly journals Application of the Fluorescence Polarization Assay for Detection of Caprine Antibodies to Brucella melitensis in Areas of High Prevalence and Widespread Vaccination

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ramírez-Pfeiffer ◽  
K. Nielsen ◽  
P. Smith ◽  
F. Marín-Ricalde ◽  
C. Rodríguez-Padilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization Assay ◽  
World Organization

ABSTRACT The screening Rose Bengal test (RBT), the buffered plate agglutination test (BPAT), and the confirmatory complement fixation test (CFT) are currently approved by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) for diagnosis of goat brucellosis. However, RBT (at 3% or 8% cell concentration) is known to be affected by vaccinal antibodies. In the present study, Mexican and Canadian OIE tests were compared with the fluorescence polarization assay (FPA), alone or in combination, using indirect and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as classification variables for goat sera obtained from an area of high prevalence and widespread vaccination. The relative sensitivities and specificities were, respectively, 99.7% and 32.5% for RBT3, 92.8% and 68.8% for RBT8, 98.4% and 84.8% for Canadian CFT, 83.7% and 65.5% for Mexican CFT, and 78.1% and 89.3% for FPA. The use of FPA as the confirmatory test in combination with other tests significantly increased the final specificities of the screening tests alone; BPAT, RBT3, and RBT8 plus FPA resulted in final specificities of 90%, 91.2%, and 91.3%, respectively, whereas for the combinations RBT3 plus Mexican CFT, RBT8 plus Mexican CFT, and BPAT plus Canadian CFT, specificities were 65.5%, 63.2%, and 91.7%, respectively. We suggest that FPA may be routinely applied as an adaptable screening test for diagnosis of goat brucellosis and as a confirmatory test for screening test series. Some advantages of FPA are that its cutoff can be adjusted to improve its sensitivity or specificity, it is a low-cost and easy-to-perform test of choice when specificity is relevant or when an alternative confirmatory test is not available, and it is not affected by vaccination, thus reducing the number of misdiagnosed and killed goats.

scholarly journals Feline Foamy Virus is Highly Prevalent in Free-Ranging Puma concolor from Colorado, Florida and Southern California

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Kechejian ◽  
Nick Dannemiller ◽  
Simona Kraberger ◽  
Carmen Ledesma-Feliciano ◽  
Jennifer Malmberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Foamy Virus ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Free Ranging

Feline foamy virus (FFV) is a retrovirus that has been detected in multiple feline species, including domestic cats (Felis catus) and pumas (Puma concolor). FFV results in persistent infection but is generally thought to be apathogenic. Sero-prevalence in domestic cat populations has been documented in several countries, but the extent of viral infections in nondomestic felids has not been reported. In this study, we screened sera from 348 individual pumas from Colorado, Southern California and Florida for FFV exposure by assessing sero-reactivity using an FFV anti-Gag ELISA. We documented a sero-prevalence of 78.6% across all sampled subpopulations, representing 69.1% in Southern California, 77.3% in Colorado, and 83.5% in Florida. Age was a significant risk factor for FFV infection when analyzing the combined populations. This high prevalence in geographically distinct populations reveals widespread exposure of puma to FFV and suggests efficient shedding and transmission in wild populations.

scholarly journals Repeatability of circadian behavioural variation revealed in free-ranging marine fish

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 160791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Alós ◽  
Martina Martorell-Barceló ◽  
Andrea Campos-Candela
Keyword(s):  
Personality Trait ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
State Space Model ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
High Predictability ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Tracking Technology

Repeatable between-individual differences in the behavioural manifestation of underlying circadian rhythms determine chronotypes in humans and terrestrial animals. Here, we have repeatedly measured three circadian behaviours, awakening time, rest onset and rest duration, in the free-ranging pearly razorfish, Xyrithchys novacula , facilitated by acoustic tracking technology and hidden Markov models. In addition, daily travelled distance, a standard measure of daily activity as fish personality trait, was repeatedly assessed using a State-Space Model. We have decomposed the variance of these four behavioural traits using linear mixed models and estimated repeatability scores ( R ) while controlling for environmental co-variates: year of experimentation, spatial location of the activity, fish size and gender and their interactions. Between- and within-individual variance decomposition revealed significant R s in all traits suggesting high predictability of individual circadian behavioural variation and the existence of chronotypes. The decomposition of the correlations among chronotypes and the personality trait studied here into between- and within-individual correlations did not reveal any significant correlation at between-individual level. We therefore propose circadian behavioural variation as an independent axis of the fish personality, and the study of chronotypes and their consequences as a novel dimension in understanding within-species fish behavioural diversity.

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