Ventilation-induced changes correlate to pulmonary vascular response and VEGF, VEGFR-1/2, and eNOS expression in the rat model of postnatal hypoxia

Ascaris suum antigen effects on mean airflow resistance (RL) and bronchial arterial blood flow (Qbr) were studied in allergic anesthetized sheep with documented airway responses. Qbr was measured with electromagnetic flow probes, and supplemental O2 prevented antigen-induced hypoxemia. Aerosol challenge with this specific antigen increased RL and Qbr significantly. Cromolyn sodium aerosol pretreatment prevented antigen-induced increases in RL but not in Qbr. Intravenous cromolyn, however, prevented increases in Qbr and RL, suggesting a role for mast cell degranulation in both bronchomotor and bronchovascular responses to antigen. Antigen-induced increases in Qbr were not solely attributable to histamine release. Indomethacin pretreatment attenuated the antigen-induced increase in Qbr, thus suggesting that vasodilator cyclooxygenase products contribute to the vascular response. Antigen challenge significantly decreased Qbr after indomethacin and metiamide pretreatment, which suggests that vasoconstrictor substances released after antigen exposure also modulate Qbr; however, released vasodilators overshadow vasoconstrictor effects. Thus antigen challenge affects Qbr by locally releasing histamine and vasodilator prostaglandins as well as vasoconstrictor substances. These effects were independent of antigen-induced changes in systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics.

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Compensation of Lesion-Induced Changes in Cerebral Metabolism and Behaviour by Striatal Neural Implants in a Rat Model of Huntington’s Disease

Brain Plasticity, Learning, and Memory - Advances in Behavioral Biology ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-5003-3_51 ◽

1985 ◽

pp. 519-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O. Isacson ◽

P. Brundin ◽

F. H. Gage ◽

A. Björklund

Keyword(s):

Huntington's Disease ◽

Huntington’S Disease ◽

Rat Model ◽

Cerebral Metabolism ◽

Neural Implants ◽

Induced Changes

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Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Obesity-Induced Hypertension

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.36.suppl_1.685-e ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. 685-686

Author(s):

Anca D Dobrian ◽

Michael J Davies ◽

Suzanne D Schriver ◽

Thomas J Lauterio ◽

Russell L Prewitt

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Rat Model ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Kidney Cortex ◽

Strong Increase ◽

No Production ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Enos Expression

45 The mechanisms underlying the development of hypertension in obesity are not yet fully understood. We recently reported the development of hypertension in a rat model of diet-induced obesity (Dobrian AD et al Hypertension 2000;35: in press). When Sprague-Dawley rats (n=60) are fed a moderately high fat diet(32kcal% fat) for 10-16 weeks, about half of them develop obesity (obesity-prone (OP) and mild hypertension (153±3.4 mmHg systolic pressure), whereas the other half (obesity-resistant, OR) maintains body weight equivalent to low fat control (C) and are normotensive. We examined the potential role of oxidative stress in the development of hypertension in this model. Lipid peroxides measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) are showing a significant increase in the LDL fraction of OP rats (2.8±0.32 nmol MDA/mg protein) compared to OR and C (0.9±0.3 nmol MDA/mg protein). Also, aortic and kidney TBARS showed a significant 3- and 5- fold increase in OP rats after 16 weeks of diet (3.3±0.44 aorta and 6.7±0.52 nmol MDA/mg protein kidney) vs OR. In addition, superoxide generation by aortic rings, measured by lucigenin (25μM) luminescence showed a 2-fold increase in the OP group (4325.6±174 RLU/15 min/mg DNA X10 5 ) compared to both OR and C. Plasma renin activity was 2-fold increased in OP vs both OR and control groups.The urine nitrate/nitrite measured by LDH colorimetric method showed a 1.8-fold decrease in OP rats (2.4±0.17 μmoles) compared to OR. A similar 1.6-fold decrease was found for plasma nitrate/nitrite in OP rats vs OR and C. However, eNOS expression assessed by semiquantitative RT-PCR showed a strong increase in the OP rats vs OR and controls in both kidney cortex(eNOS/β-actin ratio of 0.78±0.21 in OP vs 0.32±0.16 in OR)and medulla(0.86±0.18 in OP vs 0.36±0.14 in OR), suggesting a possible shift toward superoxide vs NO production by the eNOS enzyme.Also, eNOS expression was increased ∼4.8-fold in the thoracic aorta of OP compared to OR rats. Collectively, data show a decreased NO production in OP animals, due in part to the increased oxidative stress, possibly generated by the activation of renin-angiotensin system and increased eNOS expression.

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Ultrasound Evaluation of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Induced Changes in Vascular Response Following Tendon Injury

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.03.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (7) ◽

pp. 1841-1849 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Corinne N Riggin ◽

Susan M Schultz ◽

Chandra M Sehgal ◽

Louis J Soslowsky

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Tendon Injury ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Vascular Response ◽

Ultrasound Evaluation ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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Respiratory exposure to single-walled carbon nanotubes induced changes in vascular homeostasis and the expression of peripheral blood related genes in a rat model

Toxicology Research ◽

10.1039/c5tx00039d ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 1225-1237 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jun Yan ◽

Zhiqing Lin ◽

Bencheng Lin ◽

Honglian Yang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Rat Model ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Vascular Homeostasis ◽

Single Walled Carbon ◽

Respiratory Exposure ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that nanometre particles in polluted air can increase the risk of CVD, which is dangerous to mankind.

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Vitamin D3 Treatment Alters Thyroid Functional Morphology in Orchidectomized Rat Model of Osteoporosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms23020791 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 791

Author(s):

Branka Šošić-Jurjević ◽

Svetlana Trifunović ◽

Jasmina Živanović ◽

Vladimir Ajdžanović ◽

Marko Miler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Functional Morphology ◽

Rat Model ◽

Cell Subpopulation ◽

Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽

Hormone Synthesis ◽

Fine Regulation ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Group Concentration

Vitamin D plays an essential role in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Thyroid hormones, in addition to vitamin D, significantly contribute to regulation of bone remodeling cycle and health. There is currently no data about a possible connection between vitamin D treatment and the thyroid in the context of osteoporosis. Middle-aged Wistar rats were divided into: sham operated (SO), orchidectomized (Orx), and cholecalciferol-treated orchidectomized (Orx + Vit. D3; 5 µg/kg b.m./day during three weeks) groups (n = 6/group). Concentration of 25(OH)D in serum of the Orx + Vit. D3 group increased 4 and 3.2 times (p < 0.0001) respectively, compared to Orx and SO group. T4, TSH, and calcitonin in serum remained unaltered. Vit. D3 treatment induced changes in thyroid functional morphology that indicate increased utilization of stored colloid and release of thyroid hormones in comparison with hormone synthesis, to maintain hormonal balance. Increased expression of nuclear VDR (p < 0.05) points to direct, TSH independent action of Vit. D on thyrocytes. Strong CYP24A1 immunostaining in C cells suggests its prominent expression in response to Vit. D in this cell subpopulation in orchidectomized rat model of osteoporosis. The indirect effect of Vit. D on bone, through fine regulation of thyroid function, is small.

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