scholarly journals WAS POSTPONING THE TOKYO 2020 OLYMPIC AND PARALYMPIC GAMES A CORRECT DECISION?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato de Carvalho Guerreiro ◽  
Andressa Silva ◽  
Henrique de Araújo Andrade ◽  
Isadora Grade Biasibetti ◽  
Roberto Vital ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Jet Lag ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise ◽  
Paralympic Games

ABSTRACT In December 2019, Wuhan, in China, attracted international attention due to a pneumonia outbreak caused by the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Infection by 2019-nCoV is more likely in elderly people with comorbidities or with associated chronic diseases. Due to the high transmission rate among humans, this disease is rapidly disseminated, which led to several events being canceled, including the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games. The aim of this article is to discuss the risk factors for Olympic and Paralympic athletes, as well as for spectators, that justify the decision to postpone the Tokyo Games 2020. Regular physical exercise is associated with health and the prevention of chronic diseases. Although athletes generally appear to be healthy and physically fit, this may not be true. The immune system, which protects the organism from invasive microorganisms, can be affected by the duration and quality of sleep, as well as by physical exercise which influences the quality of the immune response. High volumes of high-intensity physical exercise, as well as changes in sleep patterns during the pre-competition period and the impacts of jet lag on athletes traveling for the Tokyo Games in 2020 may lead to immune system suppression, making these groups more vulnerable to infection by 2019-nCoV. Moreover, during the period planned for the games in 2020 the pandemic may be subsiding in some countries and increasing in others, and this was also taken into consideration as a risk factor. Hence, the decision taken to postpone the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games until 2021 due to the 2019-nCoV was the correct one, and was extremely important to protect the health of Olympic and Paralympic athletes, as well as spectators. Level of evidence V; expert opinion .

scholarly journals PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON THE RECOVERY OF OBESITY MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 783-785
Author(s):  
Mian Wang ◽  
Fan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Early Exercise ◽  
Physical Functions

ABSTRACT Introduction: Myocardial infarction caused by human obesity can cause a decline in mobility and a decline in the quality of a healthy life. Sports training is beneficial to maintain early physical functions after myocardial infarction. Objective: This article deals with the effect of applying walking aerobic exercise in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: We enrolled 91 patients with myocardial infarction in the early exercise group and 90 patients in the control group. The control group received the routine nursing intervention, and the early exercise group received early physical exercise rehabilitation therapy. Results: The actual quality of life of the early exercise group was higher than that of the control group. The incidence of cardiovascular adverse events was lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: Physical exercise therapy used in acute myocardial infarction can reduce adverse cardiovascular events and improve the quality of life of patients. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals THE CLINICAL TREATMENT OF SPORTS TO RELIEVE THE DIFFICULTY OF FALLING ASLEEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-832
Author(s):  
Jing Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Health Objective

ABSTRACT Introduction: Difficulty falling asleep is connected to the malfunctioning of the sleep and wakefulness mechanism of the human body caused by various reasons. There are a series of adverse reactions resulting from abnormal or poor quality of sleep during sleep per se. This symptom severely affects an individual's physical condition and mental health. Objective: To explore the effect of physical exercise on patients with difficulty falling asleep. Methods: Mathematical statistics were used to analyze 60 patients with difficulty falling asleep. We divided the patients into a sports group and a control group. The patients in the sports group took sports training, while the control group did not. After two weeks of intervention and comparison, we used mathematical statistics to evaluate the groups’ cognitive function. Results: After physical exercise, the patient's sleep quality was higher and sleep disorders were reduced. Conclusion: Physical activity is a simple and popular way of exercising. It is effective in improving the cognitive function of patients with difficulty falling asleep. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals MODERATE INTENSITY PHYSICAL EXERCISE: PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Eduardo Vignoto Fernandes ◽  
Celio Estanislau ◽  
Emerson José Venancio
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Level Of Evidence

ABSTRACT The literature presents several instances of interaction between the nervous system (NS) and the immune system (IS). These interactions are promoted by several molecules, such as cytokines and hormones, with modulating action for both the NS and IS. In this sense, the two systems may influence each other: changes in behavior may be accompanied by alterations in the IS (e.g., immunosuppression) and immunological disorders, such as infections, may modulate behavior (e.g., anxiety and depression). Considering that chronic stress, in addition to affecting behavior, also modulates the IS and that there is evidence that moderate intensity physical exercise (PE) protects physical and mental health, the objective of this review is to explore the influence of moderate-intensity PE on behavior and immunity. Level of Evidence V; Expert opinion.

scholarly journals Health related quality of life of chronic patients with immune system diseases: a pilot study

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Campos Ribeiro ◽  
Augusta Silveira ◽  
Isabel Silva ◽  
Catarina Ribeiro ◽  
Juan Gestal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Health related quality of life (HRQL) and survival are two important outcome measures in chronic diseases. This study aimed to compared HRQL in patients with different chronic diseases of immune system and normative data from the general Portuguese Population. It was selected 103 out-patients, by convenience, to complete SF-36v2. The lowest scores were found among measures for general health (41.0), vitality (47.5), bodily pain (51.0), mental health (56.4); women, except for role-physical, and patients with auto-immune diseases have had the worse scores on all assessed dimension of subjective health, when compared with normative data. Highest scores were obtained in the following scales: physical functioning (69.1), social functioning (66.9), role-emotional (64.9). Living with chronic immune disease have impact on HRQL and it can be expected that the Portuguese version of SF-36v2 provide valid and reliable HRQL data.

scholarly journals Comparação da aptidão física e qualidade de vida entre adolescentes praticantes e não praticantes de esporte

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 544-554
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Pacífico ◽  
Edina Maria de Camargo ◽  
Valdomiro De Oliveira ◽  
Gislaine Cristina Vagetti ◽  
Thiago Silva Piola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
After School ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
School Sports ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

Adolescence is conducive to implementing interventions that encourage healthy lifestyles, especially when there is involvement with sports. The aim of this study was to compare physical activity, physical fitness and quality of life perception of adolescents who practice and do not practice after-school sports. The sample consisted of 374 adolescents, 198 boys and 176 girls, with mean age of 16.35 ± 0.65 and 16.19 ± 0.67 years. The QAFA questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of physical activity and the Fitnessgram was used to evaluate physical fitness. The KIDSCREEN-52 was used to evaluate quality of life perception. One-way ANOVA was conducted for comparisons (p>0.05). Boys and girls who did not practice sports  presented lower levels of physical activity and physical fitness compared to those engaged in after-school sports and other type of regular physical exercise (p<0,01). Boys and girls engaged in after-school sports also presented higher scores for quality of life perception (p ≤ 0.01). Adolescents engaged in after- school sports showed higher levels of physical activity and better quality of life perception. Physical fitness components were better for adolescents engaged in after-school sports and for those engaged in other physical exercise modalities.

Physical Exercise as an Immunomodulator of Chronic Diseases in Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Gomes Ciolac ◽  
José Messias Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Rodolfo Paula Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related

Background: The progressive dysfunction of the immune system during aging appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of several age-related disorders. However, regular physical exercise can present “antiaging” effects on several physiological systems. Methods: A narrative review of studies investigating the chronic effects of exercise and physical activity on the immune system and its association with age-related chronic diseases was carried out according to the guidelines for writing a narrative review. Results: There is compelling evidence suggesting that age-related immune system alterations play a key role on the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, hypertension, chronic heart failure, type 2 diabetes, obesity, arthritis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. On the other hand, the regular practice of physical activity appears to improve most of the inflammatory/immunological processes involved in these diseases. Conclusion: Epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies permit us to affirm that regular physical activity improves immunomodulation and may play a key role in the prevention and treatment of several age-related chronic diseases. However, further studies are needed to better describe the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of physical exercise in specific organs of older individuals, as well as the mechanisms involved in such response.

scholarly journals Physical Exercise as a Modulator of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Plaque

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Matheus Ribeiro Bizuti ◽  
Débora Meneghel ◽  
Eduardo de Camargo Schwede ◽  
Laura Nyland Jost ◽  
Débora Tavares de Resende e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Subendothelial Space ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Accumulation Of Lipids ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and reduced quality of life worldwide. One of the main risks to the development of cardiovascular diseases is inflammatory diseases, which are related to oxidative stress, among them, atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis consists of a process of chronic inflammation, in which the accumulation of lipids occurs in the subendothelial space of the tunica intima of large caliber vessels. This is due to the accumulation of fibrous elements and inflammatory cells. Thus, regular physical exercise contributes to improving the body's immune defenses, while modulating inflammatory processes. In addition, physical activity is responsible for increasing the production of antioxidant enzymes, increasing the synthesis of nitric oxide, decreasing oxidative stress and decreasing systemic inflammation. Thus, physical exercise directly changes the genesis of atherosclerosis.

Heart Rate Recovery Changes during Competition Period in High-Level Basketball Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (80) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrius Gocentas ◽  
Anatoli Landõr ◽  
Aleksandras Kriščiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Coeffi Cients ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Monitoring Training ◽  
Intense Training ◽  
High Level

Research background and hypothesis. Replete schedule of competitions and intense training are features of contemporary team sports. Athletes, especially the most involved ones, may not have enough time to recover. As a consequence, aggregated fatigue can manifest in some undesirable form and affect athlete’s performance and health.Research aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in heart rate recovery (HRR) and investigate possible relations with sport-specifi c measures of effi cacy in professional basketball players during competition season.Research methods. Eight male high-level basketball players (mean ± SD, body mass, 97.3 ± 11.33 kg; height 2.02 ± 0.067 m, and age 23 ± 3.12 years) were investigated. The same basketball specifi c exercise was replicated several times from September till April during the practice sessions in order to assess the personal trends of HRR. Heart rate monitoring was performed using POLAR TEAM SYSTEM. Investigated athletes were ranked retrospectively according to the total amount of minutes played and the coeffi cients of effi cacy. Research results. There were signifi cant differences in the trends of HRR between the investigated players. The most effective players showed decreasing trends of HRR in all cases of ranking.Discussion and conclusions. Research fi ndings have shown that the quality of heart rate recovery differs between basketball players of the same team and could be associated with sport-specifi c effi cacy and competition playing time.Keywords: adaptation, autonomic control, monitoring training.

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