scholarly journals Chemical and cytotoxic analyses of three varieties of Brazilian propolis (green propolis, jataí propolis and brown propolis) and its anti-Sporothrix brasiliensis in vitro activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-827
Author(s):  
C.M. Peter ◽  
S.B. Waller ◽  
T. Picoli ◽  
L.G. Osório ◽  
J.L. Zani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Sporothrix Brasiliensis ◽  
Ethanolic Extraction ◽  
Brazilian Propolis

ABSTRACT In this study, we described the antifungal activity of three Brazilian propolis extracts: brown, green and from jataí bees against Sporothrix brasiliensis. The extracts were obtained from ethanolic extraction and their chemical composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The cellular toxicity was measured in MDBK (Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney) cells and quantified by the MTT assay (3- (4,5 dimethylthiazol-2yl -2,5-diphenyl-2H bromine tetrazolato). For antifungal activity, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined by broth microdilution. The results showed that cell toxicity was not observed at lower concentrations (0.097 to 0.39μg/ml) for all extracts in comparison to cell control. Among the chemical compounds identified, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and rutin were quantified. In antifungal activity, green and jataí did not exhibit activity against the isolates (MIC and MFC greater than 0.78mg/ml). However, all isolates of S. brasiliensis were sensitive to brown propolis (MIC of 0.09 to 0.78mg/ml), including the standard strain (P<0.001). Among the Brazilian propolis studied, the brown propolis showed activity against the S. brasiliensis isolates and more studies should be undertaken in order to evaluate its promising use in the treatment of sporotrichosis.

scholarly journals 7-Chloroquinolin-4-yl Arylhydrazone Derivatives: Synthesis and Antifungal Activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1489-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auri R. Duval ◽  
Pedro H. Carvalho ◽  
Maieli C. Soares ◽  
Daniela P. Gouvêa ◽  
Geonir M. Siqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
First Line ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Line Drug ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Fifteen 7-chloro-4-arylhydrazonequinolines have been evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against eight oral fungi:Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. lipolytica, C. tropicalis, C. famata, C. glabrata, Rhodutorula mucilaginosa, andR. glutinis. Several compounds exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) activities comparable with the first-line drug fluconazole. These results could be considered as an important starting point for the rational design of new antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) Terhadap Saprolegnia sp. Secara In Vitro [Antifungal Activity Test Of Kaempferia galanga L. Extract To Saprolegnia sp. By In Vitro]

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Rahayu Kusdarwati, Ayu Ratnaningtyas, Dewa Ketut Meles
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Activity Test

Abstract Saprolegnia sp. is a fungus that causes the Saprolegniasis disease can infection eggs and fresh water fish. Treatment Saprolegniasis done using chemical drugs, however the use of drugs is bad for the environment and biota. The purpose of the research was to determined the antifungal activity include a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) from Kaempferia galanga L. to Saprolegnia sp. by in vitro. This research used 9 different concentrations of Kaempferia galanga L extract were 50%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.12%, 1.56%, 0.78%, 0, 39%, 0.2%, positive control used H2O2 3% and negative control used DMSO 10%. The results showed that the extract of Kaempferia galanga L had an antifungal activity were inhibits and kill with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.39% equivalen with 3,9 mg/ml and minimu fungicidal concentration (MBC) was 1.56% equivalen with 15,6 mg/ml. The existence of antifungal activity against Saprolegnia sp. by in vitro caused by some active compounds from the extracts of the Kaempferia galanga L. are polyphenolic compounds, flavonoin, saponins and essential oils.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Plumericin and Isoplumericin

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Singh ◽  
Umakant Sharma ◽  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Yogesh K Gupta ◽  
M. P. Dobhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of the chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor and its phytoconstituents plumericin and isoplumericin against Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans by measuring the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). Plumericin's consistently high activity against Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans was more potent than isoplumericin and the standard antifungal drug nystatin suggesting its potential as a drug candidate for candidiasis and cryptococcosis.

scholarly journals Identification of Digestive Enzyme Inhibitors from Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dulce Morales ◽  
Guillermo Ramirez ◽  
Armando Herrera-Arellano ◽  
Jaime Tortoriello ◽  
Miguel Zavala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors

Current antiobesity and antidiabetic tools have been insufficient to curb these diseases and frequently cause side effects; therefore, new pancreatic lipase and α–glucosidase inhibitors could be excellent aids for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. The aim of this study was to identify, quantify, and characterize the chemical compounds with the highest degree of inhibitory activity of these enzymes, contained in a Ludwigia octovalvis hydroalcoholic extract. Chemical purification was performed by liquid–liquid separation and column chromatography. Inhibitory activities were measured in vitro, employing acarbose, orlistat, and a Camellia sinensis hydroalcoholic extract as references. For structural elucidation, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance was carried out, and High Performance Liquid Chromatography was used to quantify the compounds. For α–glucosidases, L. octovalvis hydroalcoholic extract and its ethyl acetate fraction showed half–maximal Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) values of 700 and 250 μg/mL, for lipase, 480 and 718 μg/mL, while C. sinensis showed 260 and 587 μg/mL. The most active compounds were identified as ethyl gallate (1, IC50 832 μM) and gallic acid (2, IC50 969 μM); both displayed competitive inhibition of α–glucosidases and isoorientin (3, IC50 201 μM), which displayed uncompetitive inhibition of lipase. These data could be useful in the development of a novel phytopharmaceutical drug.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antifungal Activity and Mechanism of Action of Citral againstCandida albicans

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clerya Alvino Leite ◽  
André Parente de Brito Bezerra ◽  
Janiere Pereira de Sousa ◽  
Felipe Queiroga Sarmento Guerra ◽  
Edeltrudes de Oliveira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Time Kill

Candida albicansis a yeast that commensally inhabits the human body and can cause opportunistic or pathogenic infections.Objective. To investigate the antifungal activity of citral againstC. albicans.Methodology. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined by the broth microdilution techniques. We also investigated possible citral action on cell walls (0.8 M sorbitol), cell membranes (citral to ergosterol binding), the time-kill curve, and biological activity on the yeast’s morphology.Results. The MIC and MFC of citral were, respectively, 64 µg/mL and 256 µg/mL. Involvement with the cell wall and ergosterol binding were excluded as possible mechanisms of action. In the morphological interference assay, it was observed that the product inhibited pseudohyphae and chlamydoconidia formation. The MIC and the MFC of citral required only 4 hours of exposure to effectively kill 99.9% of the inoculum.Conclusion. Citral showedin vitroantifungal potential against strains ofC. albicans. Citral’s mechanism of action does not involve the cell wall or ergosterol, and further study is needed to completely describe its effects before being used in the future as a component of new antifungals.

scholarly journals 3,5-Disubstituted Thiazolidine-2,4-Diones: Design, Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and ADMET Screening

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 807-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Marc ◽  
Anca Stana ◽  
Adrian Pîrnău ◽  
Laurian Vlase ◽  
Dan C. Vodnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Docking Study ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Molecular Fragments ◽  
In Silico Screening ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Microwave Assisted

A series of 12 new thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were obtained by microwave-assisted synthesis. All compounds were physicochemically characterized by quantitative elemental C, H, N, S analysis and spectral data (mass spectrometry [MS], infrared [IR], and nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]), with the results being in agreement with the expected data. An in vitro screening performed on Candida albicans ATCC 10231 showed their moderate antifungal activity, which was further investigated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration values for the most active compounds on four strains of Candida. The molecular docking studies, performed against a fungal lanosterol 14α-demethylase, emphasized the importance of different molecular fragments in the compounds’ structures for their antifungal activity. The synthesized compounds were subjected to in silico screening for the prediction of their absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) and molecular properties. The results of the antifungal activity assays, docking study, and ADMET predictions revealed that the synthesized compounds are potential anti- Candida agents that might act by interacting with the fungal lanosterol 14α-demethylase and could be further optimized and developed as antifungal agents.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF TIMOL AND CARVACROL ON CANDIDA SPECIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Thaís Rangel Souza ◽  
Cecília Correia Costa ◽  
Mateus Cardoso Oliveira ◽  
Isabel Celeste Caires Pereira Gusmão
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Sabouraud Agar ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Aim: to evaluate the in vitro action of thymol and carvacrol against the yeasts of Candida albicans ATCC10231 and Candida krusei ATCC34135. Method: A laboratory study was performed to evaluate antifungal activity. The characterization of the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the thymol essential oil was carried out using the technique where the microdilution is performed, in which a plate containing 96 wells is used. The determination of the Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was performed by dripping 10 μL of each of the concentrations evaluated on Sabouraud agar plates. Results: The MIC of thymol and carvacrol for C. albicans was 40 μg/mL and for Candida krusei it did not present antifungal activity. While the MIC of nystatin was 0.03mg for both species with thymol and carvacrol. Conclusion: Thymol presented satisfactory antifungal activity against the pathogens studied, but carvacrol did not present antifungal activity.

Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Coumarins Derivatives Against Sporothrix spp.

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana da S.M. Forezi ◽  
Luana Pereira Borba-Santos ◽  
Mariana F.C. Cardoso ◽  
Vitor F. Ferreira ◽  
Sonia Rozental ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Coumarin Derivatives ◽  
Sporothrix Brasiliensis ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
Effective Drugs

Sporotrichosis is a serious public health problem in Brazil that affects human patients and domestic animals, mainly cats. Thus, the search for new antifungal agents is required also due to the emergence and to the lack of effective drugs available in the therapeutic arsenal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal profile of two synthetic series of coumarin derivatives against Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis. The three-components synthetic routes used for the preparation of coumarin derivatives have proved to be quite efficient and compounds 16 and 17 have been prepared in good yields. The inhibitory activity of nineteen synthetic coumarins derivatives 16a-i and 17a-j were evaluated against Sporothrix spp. yeasts and the most potent compounds were 16b and 17i. However, according to concentrations able to inhibit (minimum inhibitory concentrations) and kill (minimum fungicidal concentrations) the cells, 17i was more effective than 16b against Sporothrix spp. Thus, 17i exhibited good antifungal activity against S. brasiliensis and S. schenckii, suggesting that it is an important scaffold for the development of novel antifungal agents.

Heparin-mediated antibiotic delivery from an electrochemically-aligned collagen sheet

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Olivia T. Cheng ◽  
Andrew P. Stein ◽  
Eric Babajanian ◽  
Kathryn R. Hoppe ◽  
Shawn Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Antibiotic Solution ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Antibiotic Release ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

BACKGROUND: Implantable medical devices and hardware are prolific in medicine, but hardware associated infections remain a major issue. OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a novel, biologic antimicrobial coating for medical implants. METHODS: Electrochemically compacted collagen sheets with and without crosslinked heparin were synthesized per protocol developed by our group. Sheets were incubated in antibiotic solution (gentamicin or moxifloxacin) overnight, and in vitro activity was assessed with five-day diffusion assays against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiotic release overtime from gentamicin infused sheets was determined using in vitro elution and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: Collagen-heparin-antibiotic sheets demonstrated larger growth inhibition zones against P. aeruginosa compared to collagen-antibiotic alone sheets. This activity persisted for five days and was not impacted by rinsing sheets prior to evaluation. Rinsed collagen-antibiotic sheets did not show any inhibition zones. Elution of gentamicin from collagen-heparin-gentamicin sheets was slow and remained above the minimal inhibitory concentration for gentamicin sensitive organisms for 29 days. Conversely, collagen-gentamicin sheets eluted their antibiotic payload within 24 hours. Overall, heparin associated sheets demonstrated larger inhibition zones against P. aeruginosa and prolonged elution profile via HPLC. CONCLUSION: We developed a novel, local antibiotic delivery system that could be used to coat medical implants/hardware in the future and reduce post-operative infections.

ANTIFUNGAL TOPICAL GEL OF LEAF EXTRACT OF AMARANTHUS VIRIDIS L. FOR TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS CANDIDIASIS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
A. P. Pandit ◽  
◽  
K. S. Khandagale ◽  
V. C Nakhate ◽  
N. N Dharmadhikari
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Cutaneous Candidiasis

The objective of the study was to prepare antifungal gel using leaves of Amaranthus viridis for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis. The leaves were studied for pharmacognostic evaluation. The powder of leaves was tested for phytoconstituents. The plant extract was evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and antifungal activity. Gel was prepared and evaluated for pH, viscosity, homogeneity and grittiness. MIC and MFC of extract were both found to be 600 mg. The zone of inhibition of extract was obtained at 21.2±0.2mm, which confirmed antifungal activity, due to presence of phenolic compound. Gel exhibited good antifungal activity, good spreadability, extrudability and high viscosity. Thus, gel loaded with leaves extract of A. viridis is a good choice for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis.

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