Increased sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is associated with poorer dietary quality: A cross-sectional population-based study

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the association between sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and dietary quality in adolescents, adults, and older adults living in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods Data were drawn from a cross-sectional population-based study conducted in 2008 in a representative urban city sample involving 1494 consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages. Dietary intake was evaluated through two 24-Hour Dietary Recalls, and the usual sugar-sweetened beverages consumption was estimated using the Multiple Source Method. Dietary quality was evaluated using the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index – Revised. The association between total score of the revised index and components with sugar-sweetened beverages consumption tertiles was assessed using multiple linear regression models for each age group, considering the sample design. Results Regardless of age group, the increase of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption was associated with a decrease in the total Healthy Eating Index – Revised score and in the components “total fruit”; “whole fruit”; “meat, eggs and legumes”, and the “solid fat, alcohol and added sugar”. Conclusion The results of our study suggest that higher sugar-sweetened beverages consumption was associated with poorer dietary quality. Planning public health policies aimed at decreasing sugar-sweetened beverages consumption is essential to increase dietary quality and reduce the incidence of noncommunicable diseases.

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Social determinants, lifestyle and diet quality: a population-based study from the 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo, Brazil

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019003483 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (10) ◽

pp. 1766-1777

Author(s):

Aline Veroneze de Mello ◽

Jaqueline Lopes Pereira ◽

Ana Carolina Barco Leme ◽

Moises Goldbaum ◽

Chester Luiz Galvao Cesar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

Health Survey ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Population Based ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

São Paulo ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study

AbstractObjective:To investigate the association among social determinants, lifestyle variables and diet quality in São Paulo, Brazil.Design:Cross-sectional study, 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo (Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo (2015 ISA-Capital)) with Focus on Nutrition Study (2015 ISA-Nutrition).Setting:Population-based study, with a representative sample of adults living in São Paulo, Brazil.Participants:Adults (aged 20–59 years, n 643) and older adults (aged ≥60 years, n 545).Results:We observed differences in the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) by education, income, occupation, sex and race. Whole grains (0·63 points, 12·6 % of the maximum score), sodium (2·50 points, 25·0 %) and solid fat, alcohol and added sugars (9·28 points, 46·4 %) components had the lowest BHEI-R scores. Factors positively associated with diet quality included the presence of one disease or more (e.g. diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, hypercholesterolaemia: β = 0·636, P < 0·001), income (middle income: β = 0·478, P < 0·001; high income: β = 0·966, P < 0·001) and occupation (other: β = 1·418, P < 0·001). Energy (β = –0·001, P < 0·001), alcohol consumption (β = –0·207, P = 0·027), education level (middle education: β = –0·975, P < 0·001; high education: β = –1·376, P < 0·001), races other than white (β = –0·366, P < 0·001) and being unemployed (β = –0·369, P < 0·046) were negatively associated with diet quality.Conclusions:Groups affected by socio-economic inequalities need better diet quality. Governmental actions should be implemented to reduce the consumption of energy-dense and sodium-rich foods, facilitate access and information on healthy eating, and conduct nutritional education.

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Lower Healthy Eating Index-2005 dietary quality scores in older women with rheumatoid arthritis v. healthy controls

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001000008x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1170-1177 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Megan E Grimstvedt ◽

Kathleen Woolf ◽

Brandy-Joe Milliron ◽

Melinda M Manore

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Older Women ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the dietary quality of older women with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) to identify potential strategies to improve the nutritional status.DesignCross-sectional. Diet was assessed using 7 d food records and analysed for nutrient composition (Food Processor v. 7·11). Diet quality was determined using the HEI-2005, a measure of compliance with 2005 US Dietary Guidelines. Individuals with RA completed a self-reported evaluation of arthritis (pain scale and disability index). Independent two-tailed t tests or Mann–Whitney tests compared the differences between groups and correlations were computed between HEI-2005 and measures of disease reactivity.SettingArizona, USA.SubjectsOlder (≥ 55 years) women (n 108) with RA (n 52) and healthy controls (HC; n 56).ResultsThere were no differences between groups in age, weight, or BMI (kg/m2). HC participants had higher mean HEI-2005 scores for whole fruit (cups; P = 0·02), total fruit (cups; P = 0·05), whole grains (oz; P = 0·004), oil (g; P = 0·05) and total HEI score (P = 0·04) than the RA group. In the RA group, these same HEI components were inversely correlated with disability index (r = −0·20, P = 0·04). Participants with RA reported lower mean intakes of carbohydrate (g; P = 0·02), fibre (g; P = 0·01) and vitamin C (mg; P = 0·04).ConclusionsThis is the first study examining the dietary quality in older women with and without RA using the HEI-2005. Living with RA was associated with significantly lower dietary quality. Since even small changes in dietary quality can translate into better nutritional status, future interventions should focus on increasing dietary quality in this high-risk group.

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Abstract P074: Substituting Homemade Fruit Juice for Sugar-Sweetened Beverages is Associated with Lower Odds of Metabolic Syndrome among Hispanic Adults

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap074 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Josiemer Mattei ◽

Vasanti Malik ◽

Frank B Hu ◽

Hannia Campos

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Fruit Juice ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Population Based ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Ethnic Subgroups

Introduction: Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) has been consistently associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), while results on the role of fruit juice intake are conflicting. Hispanics consume both SSB and traditional fruit-based beverages; however, studies conducted on such ethnic group are scarce. Given the high prevalence of MetS among Hispanics, describing putative contributors to this condition is essential in proposing approaches that may successfully reduce its prevalence and avoid further complications. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that substituting fruit-based beverages traditionally consumed by Hispanics for SSB may be associated with lower odds of MetS. Methods: To determine the cross-sectional association between beverages consumed by Hispanics, and MetS and its components, data were analyzed in 1,872 Costa Rican adults who served as controls of a population-based case-control study of coronary heart disease. Multivariate adjusted means were calculated for components of MetS by servings (never, <1/week, 2–6/week, ≥1/day) of two traditional fruit-based beverages (‘fresco’ and homemade fruit juice, separately) and two SSB (instant drinks and regular sodas, separately and combined). Prevalence ratio (PR) of MetS was calculated for each beverage, and odds ratio (OR) was calculated by substituting one serving of homemade fruit juice or water for one of SSB. Results: Significant positive trends were observed for increasing servings of instant drinks and combined SSB with plasma triglyceride and waist circumference, and for regular soda with waist circumference (all P -trend<0.001). Increasing servings of homemade fruit juice were associated positively with HDL-C ( P -trend=0.033). Consuming ≥1 serving/day of instant drinks was associated with higher PR of MetS (1.42, 95%CI: 1.11, 1.83) compared to no consumption; similar results were obtained for combined SSB. Substituting one serving of homemade fruit juice for instant drink was associated with 29% (95% CI=7, 47%) lower odds of MetS, and for regular soda with 30% (1, 50%) lower odds. Substituting water for combined SSB was marginally significant (OR=0.86 (0.74, 1.00). Conclusion: In conclusion, reducing consumption of SSB and substituting them with homemade fruit juices in moderation, may be a culturally-appropriate approach to lower metabolic syndrome among Hispanics. Our study provides the groundwork for interventions on beverage intake that aim to prevent MetS and type 2 diabetes in Hispanic ethnic subgroups, and may support current public health efforts on limiting availability and intake of SSB, while substituting with a healthy beverage.

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Healthy Eating Index: Assessment of the Diet Quality of a Brazilian Elderly Population

Nutrition and Metabolic Insights ◽

10.1177/1178638818818845 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 117863881881884

Author(s):

Dalila Pinto de Souza Fernandes ◽

Maria Sônia Lopes Duarte ◽

Milene Cristine Pessoa ◽

Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini ◽

Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Whole Grains ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Global Quality

Background: The food consumption assessment is necessary to monitor elderly’s nutritional status because it allows detecting nutrition deficits and guiding the elaboration of effective conducts. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the global quality of the elderly’s diet in Viçosa—MG, Brazil. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study, involving noninstitutionalized elderly. Diet quality was assessed through the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) validated to the Brazilian population. Results: The study comprised 620 elderly individuals. The mean total BHEI-R score was 64.28. The worse consumption scores concerned the components Whole grains, Milk and derivatives, Sodium, Total fruit, and Whole fruit. Approximately 82% scored zero (0%) for Whole grains and 67% for Sodium. Men presented significantly lower scores than women, who have presented maximal score in the same items. Women’s scores were not only significantly higher for Total fruit, Whole fruit, Milk and derivatives, but also significantly lower for Saturated fat. Discussion: Most elderly need to improve their diet quality. Strategies heading toward the improvement of diet quality must be priority in policies to health promotion toward the healthy and active aging.

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Dietary quality differs among cannabis use groups: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–16

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020001846 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Amy R Gelfand ◽

Christy C Tangney

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

National Health ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Adult Participants

Abstract Objective: To describe diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) and Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015)) according to self-reported cannabis use among the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) adult participants. Design: Utilizing cross-sectional data, we assessed diet quality with up to two 24-h diet recalls from NHANES participants. Usual intakes were estimated via the multivariate Markov Chain–Monte Carlo method. Diet quality scores were compared among never users, previous users and current users of cannabis. Setting: NHANES surveys from 2005 to 2016. Participants: Adult NHANES participants (17 855) aged 20–59 years with valid data for dietary recalls and drug use questionnaires. Results: Current adult cannabis users (ages 20–59 years) had significantly lower total diet quality (HEI-2010) scores (51·8 ± 0·7) compared with previous (56·2 ± 0·4) and never users (57·7 ± 0·4). Similar differences in total and individual HEI-2015 scores were observed. For the HEI-2015 scores, cannabis users had a significantly higher (better) sodium scores (4·1 ± 0·2) compared with never users (3·3 ± 0·1) and previous users (3·2 ± 0·1). Cannabis users scored lower compared with never users on total vegetables (3·1 ± 0·1 v. 3·7 ± 0·0), total fruit (2·1 ± 0·1 v. 3·0 ± 0·1) and whole fruit (2·2 ± 0·1 v. 3·3 ± 0·1) for the HEI-2015 index. Conclusions: Current cannabis users’ usual intakes reflect lower diet quality compared with never or previous users, particularly lower subcomponent scores of total vegetables, greens and beans, total fruit and whole fruit. Cannabis users should increase their intake of fruit and vegetables to improve overall diet quality.

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Personalised nutrition advice delivered online or face-to-face is more effective at motivating healthier dietary choices than generalised advice in Kuwait

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120000385 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Balqees Alawadhi ◽

Rosalind Fallaize ◽

Rodrigo Zenun ◽

Faustina Hwang ◽

Julie Lovegrove

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

Population Based ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Randomised Control Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Web Based ◽

Personalised Nutrition ◽

Face To Face ◽

The Impact

AbstractIntroductionThe adoption of poor dietary and lifestyle habits have been associated with the development of non-communicable disease. The majority of strategies implemented to enhance dietary quality of individuals follow a “one size fits all” standardised approach. Results of recent trials have suggested that Personalised Nutrition (PN), tailored to individual requirements, is able to improve dietary intakes, yet limited focus has been given to the effectiveness of face-to-face compared with online methods. The aim of the EatWellQ8 randomised control trial (RCT) was to assess the impact of web-based PN advice, face-to-face PN advice and standardised advice, on adherence to healthy eating in Kuwait.Materials and MethodsFree living adults aged 21–65 years, were recruited for the 12-week study and randomised to; face-to-face PN, web-based PN or generalised (control) advise groups. Dietary intake and self-reported anthropometric measurements were assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) modified from the EPIC FFQ was used to assess food and nutrient intake. Diet quality was assessed by a 10-component modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (m-AHEI) which was used to generate the PN advice. At 0 and 12-weeks post FFQ completion, participants randomised to the PN intervention groups were presented with 3 tailored dietary messages based on the m-AHEI components that received the lowest scores.Results320 participants completed the trial. Due to over/underreporting, 100 were included in the analysis (71% female, 29% male) with a mean age of 38.6 years (SD 14.3), and body mass index (BMI) of 25.1 kg/m2 (SD 4.2). After 12-weeks intervention, m-AHEI scores increased significantly in both PN intervention groups (face-to-face PN 19%, web-based 12%) compared to controls (4%) (P < 0.01) and significantly higher intakes of vegetables and fruits, and lower intakes of sugars compared with controls (P < 0.05). The PN intervention groups also significantly increased their intakes of omega 3 fatty acids and total folate compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The Face-to-face PN group significantly reduced weight (-1.9 kg) and BMI (-0.5 kg/m2) compared to web-based PN and control groups(P < 0.01).DiscussionIn adults living in Kuwait, PN advice, delivered face-to-face or online, was more effective at improving dietary quality than population-based advice. Face-to-face PN was found to be more effective at inducing weight-loss in adults compared to web-based PN and population-based advice.

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Diet quality in a sample of adults from Cuiabá (MT), Brazil: association with sociodemographic factors

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/s1415-52732013000400005 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 431-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anarlete da Silva Loureiro ◽

Regina Maria Veras Gonçalves da Silva ◽

Paulo Rogério Melo Rodrigues ◽

Rosângela Alves Pereira ◽

Loiva Lide Wendpap ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Poisson Regression ◽

Formal Education ◽

Household Head ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mato Grosso

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dietary quality of adults and to identify associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of adults (n=195), aged 20-50 years, of both genders, from a population-based study in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Food consumption data was collected by a food frequency questionnaire. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and body composition data were also collected. Diet quality was analyzed by the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised. The associations were estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The mean Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score was 75.2 points (CI95%=74.2-76.1), which differed significantly between the genders (p=0.03). Women had higher scores for whole fruit and sodium (p<0.01), while men had higher scores for oils, nuts, and fish fat (p=0.02). Individuals aged >30 years had higher total Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score and higher scores for the groups whole fruit; saturated fat; and calories from solid fats, alcoholic beverages, and added sugar (p<0.01). The Poisson regression between high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised and the independent variables showed that high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised was associated with being female, being aged 30 years or more, and being from families whose household head had 8 or more years of formal education. CONCLUSION: The factors associated with high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised were age, gender, and education level of the household head.

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Diet quality on meatless days: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001700026x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 1564-1573 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zach Conrad ◽

Micaela Karlsen ◽

Kenneth Chui ◽

Lisa Jahns

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

National Health ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Game Birds

AbstractObjectiveTo compare diet quality scores between adult non-meat eaters and meat eaters, and to compare the consumption of diet components across quintiles of diet quality.DesignCross-sectional analysis. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were used to assess mean diet quality. Differences in consumption of diet components between quintiles of diet quality were tested usingpost hocWald tests andztests.SettingThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012.SubjectsThe sample consisted of 16810 respondents aged≥18 years, including 280 individuals who reported not consuming meat, poultry, game birds or seafood on two non-consecutive days of dietary recall. Dietary data were obtained from one dietary recall per individual.ResultsNon-meat eaters had substantially greater HEI-2010 and AHEI-2010 scores than meat eaters (P<0·05). Among non-meat eaters, mean consumption across HEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of empty calories and unsaturated:saturated fatty acids. Mean consumption across AHEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of nuts and legumes, vegetables and PUFA.ConclusionsPublic health messages targeted at vegetarians and others who may choose to eat meat-free on certain days should emphasize decreased consumption of empty calories, and increased consumption of nuts and legumes, PUFA and vegetables, as a way to improve overall dietary quality.

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Sociodemographic and Behavioural Determinants of a Healthy Diet in Switzerland

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000437393 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 87-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Pedro Marques-Vidal ◽

Gérard Waeber ◽

Peter Vollenweider ◽

Murielle Bochud ◽

Silvia Stringhini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Education ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

Population Based ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Healthy Diet ◽

Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Individual

Background/Aims: The determinants of a healthy diet have not been studied in Switzerland. This study aimed at assessing the individual and behavioural factors associated with a healthy diet in a Swiss city. Methods: Cross-sectional, population-based study conducted between 2009 and 2013 (n = 4,439, 2,383 women, mean age 57.5 ± 10.3 years) in Lausanne. Food consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Two Mediterranean diet scores (classic score and specific for Switzerland) and the Harvard School of Public Health alternate healthy eating index were computed. Results: For all three dietary scores considered, living in couple or having a high education were associated with a healthier diet. An unhealthy lifestyle (smoking, sedentary behaviour) or a high body mass index were associated with an unhealthier diet. Participants born in Italy, Portugal and Spain had healthier diets than participants born in France or Switzerland. Women and elderly participants had healthier diets than men and young participants according to 2 scores, while no differences were found for the Swiss-specific Mediterranean score. Conclusions: In Switzerland, healthy eating is associated with high education, a healthy lifestyle, marital status and country of origin. The associations with gender and age depend on the dietary score considered.

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Dietary Quality Determined by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Biomarkers of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Middle-to-Older Aged Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 222 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seán R. Millar ◽

Pilar Navarro ◽

Janas M. Harrington ◽

Ivan J. Perry ◽

Catherine M. Phillips

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

White Blood Cell ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Low Grade ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Diet Score

Low-grade systemic inflammation is associated with a range of chronic diseases. Diet may modulate inflammation and represents a promising therapeutic target to reduce metabolic dysfunction. To date, no study has examined Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) diet score associations with biomarkers of inflammation. Thus, our objective was to assess relationships between the HEI-2015 score and a range of inflammatory biomarkers in a cross-sectional sample of 1989 men and women aged 46–73 years, to test the hypothesis that better dietary quality would be associated with more favourable circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipocytokines, acute-phase response proteins, coagulation factors and white blood cell counts were determined. Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to test HEI-2015 diet score relationships with biomarker concentrations. Higher dietary quality as determined by the HEI-2015 was associated with lower c-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 concentrations, white blood cell (WBC) counts and its constituents, adjusting for sex and age. Associations with CRP concentrations and WBC counts persisted in the fully adjusted models. No associations with complement component 3, tumour necrosis factor alpha, adiponectin, leptin, resistin or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were identified. Our data suggest that dietary quality, determined by the HEI-2015 score, in middle-to-older aged adults is associated with inflammatory biomarkers related to cardiometabolic health.

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