Lower Healthy Eating Index-2005 dietary quality scores in older women with rheumatoid arthritis v. healthy controls

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the dietary quality of older women with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) to identify potential strategies to improve the nutritional status.DesignCross-sectional. Diet was assessed using 7 d food records and analysed for nutrient composition (Food Processor v. 7·11). Diet quality was determined using the HEI-2005, a measure of compliance with 2005 US Dietary Guidelines. Individuals with RA completed a self-reported evaluation of arthritis (pain scale and disability index). Independent two-tailed t tests or Mann–Whitney tests compared the differences between groups and correlations were computed between HEI-2005 and measures of disease reactivity.SettingArizona, USA.SubjectsOlder (≥ 55 years) women (n 108) with RA (n 52) and healthy controls (HC; n 56).ResultsThere were no differences between groups in age, weight, or BMI (kg/m2). HC participants had higher mean HEI-2005 scores for whole fruit (cups; P = 0·02), total fruit (cups; P = 0·05), whole grains (oz; P = 0·004), oil (g; P = 0·05) and total HEI score (P = 0·04) than the RA group. In the RA group, these same HEI components were inversely correlated with disability index (r = −0·20, P = 0·04). Participants with RA reported lower mean intakes of carbohydrate (g; P = 0·02), fibre (g; P = 0·01) and vitamin C (mg; P = 0·04).ConclusionsThis is the first study examining the dietary quality in older women with and without RA using the HEI-2005. Living with RA was associated with significantly lower dietary quality. Since even small changes in dietary quality can translate into better nutritional status, future interventions should focus on increasing dietary quality in this high-risk group.

Download Full-text

Is The Healthy Eating Index-2015 Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1061469/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Atiyeh Nayebi ◽

Davood Soleimani ◽

Shayan Mostafaei ◽

Negin Elahi ◽

Homayoun Elahi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) is a multidimensional criterion of diet quality utilized to evaluate how well people’s dietary behaviors align with major recommendations of the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. We aim to investigate the association between the diet quality and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity.Design: Cross-sectional studySetting: This study was done on 184 patients with RA in rheumatology clinic in Kermanshah city, Iran, in 2020. RA was diagnosed according to the criteria of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/ European League against Rheumatism. The overall quality diet was extracted from a validated 168-item food frequency questioner (FFQ) to calculate the HEI-2015 score. RA disease activity was assessed using Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) scores. One-way ANOVA and ANCOVA were done to find the associations.Participants: RA patientsResults: Individuals in the highest HEI-2015 quartile had a lower mean Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) than those in the lowest quartiles of the HEI scores (P-value: 0.014). A linear trend towards decreasing waist circumference in patients was observed with increasing quartiles of the HEI-2015 scores (P-value= 0.005). After controlling for all potential confounders, patients in the highest HEI-2015 quartile had the lowest DAS28 scores than those in the lowest quartile of the HEI-2015 scores (Q1= 3.65; 95% CI= 3.29 – 4.02 vs. Q4= 2.35; 95% CI= 1.94 - 2.67; P-value<0.001).Conclusion: Our results indicated that following a high diet quality might be one of the therapeutic strategies to control or reduce the disease activity in RA patients.

Download Full-text

Nutritional intake and overall diet quality of female soccer players before the competition period

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-98652016000400010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 555-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel dos SANTOS ◽

Jacqueline Queiroz da SILVEIRA ◽

Thais Borges CESAR

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Protein Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Professional Soccer

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the dietary intake and overall diet quality of female soccer players before the competitive games. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 21 women aged 20.8±4.5 years from a professional soccer team. Their nutritional status and dietary adequacy during the training period, before competition season, were assessed. Dietary intake was assessed by three 24-hour recalls, one food frequency questionnaire, and the Healthy Eating Index, an overall diet quality index based on food group intake. Results: The athletes have shown proper nutritional status, but a diet deficient in energy due largely to low carbohydrate intake. On the other hand, the intakes of protein, fatty acids, and sodium were above the recommended intakes, even for athletes. Diet quality assessment by the Healthy Eating Index - 2010 resulted in a mean score of 54.6 points of a maximum of 100, indicating a need of improving the overall diet quality. Conclusion: The study found that the dietary patterns of female football players were both quantitatively and qualitatively inappropriate. A nutritional intervention is indicated to improve diet quality, with the inclusion of various foods, such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and better protein quality, along with a reduction in saturated fats, sodium, and added sugar.

Download Full-text

Low Healthy Eating Index-2015 Is Associated With Sarcopenia Among US Adult Population

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab038_007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 395-395

Author(s):

Galya Bigman ◽

Alice Ryan

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Adult Population ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Average Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Research Education ◽

The U.S

Abstract Objectives The Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), which is designed to reflect the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), and its association with muscle function decline (i.e., sarcopenia) is less known in the U.S. Our study aim was to examine the associations between HEI-2015 component and total scores with sarcopenia in a nationally representative sample of the U.S. adult population. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2011–2014. Sarcopenia was assessed by handgrip strength measure using an average score of six trails (<35.5kg for males, <20.0kg for females). HEI-2015 was computed from data of two 24-hour dietary recalls and comprised 13 components (e.g., vegetables, greens and beans, fruits, dairy, protein foods, whole grains, fatty acid ratio, refined grains, sodium, saturated fats, and added sugars). Each component was scored on density out of 1000 calories and summed to a total score divided into quintiles. Weighted logistic regressions examined the study aim while controlling for associated covariates: age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, comorbidity, medication use, smoking status, and alcohol use. Results The sample included 9006 eligible participants aged 20–80 years, of those, 14.4% had sarcopenia, where males had higher sarcopenia prevalence than females (18.4 vs. 10.7%, P < 0.001), and participants with sarcopenia were older (p < 0.001). Scores for HEI-2015 were total: 54.2 ± 13.6 (mean ± SD), and in the lowest and highest quintiles: 35.9 ± 4.8 and 73.9 ± 5.95, respectively. In the multivariable model, participants in the highest HEI-2015 quintile had 28% lower odds of having sarcopenia (Odds Ratio(OR) = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.55–0.94) compared with those in the lowest quintile. Among the HEI-2015 components; consuming adequate amount of protein foods, greens and beans, vegetables, and whole fruits reduced the odd of having sarcopenia by 18–23%. Conclusions The findings suggest that higher compliance to the 2015–2020 DGA might reduce sarcopenia among U.S. adults, particularly adequate intakes of protein foods, greens and beans, vegetables, and whole fruits. Funding Sources Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Advanced Special Fellowship in Geriatrics, Baltimore Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center.

Download Full-text

Healthy Eating Index-2015 Is Associated with Grip Strength among the US Adult Population

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13103358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 3358

Author(s):

Galya Bigman ◽

Alice S. Ryan

Keyword(s):

Grip Strength ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Whole Grains ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Nationally Representative

The Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) was designed to reflect adherence to the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). The study aims to examine the association between HEI-2015 and grip strength in a nationally representative sample of the U.S. adult population. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2011–2014. Low grip strength was defined as <35.5 kg for men and <20 kg for women. HEI-2015 was computed from two days of 24-h dietary recalls and comprised 13 components. Each component was scored on the density out of 1000 calories and summed to a total score divided into quartiles. Weighted logistic regressions examined the study aim while controlling for associated covariates. The sample included 9006 eligible participants, of those, 14.4% (aged 20+ years), and 24.8% (aged ≥50 years) had low grip strength. Mean (±SD) HEI-2015 total score was 54.2 ± 13.6 and in the lowest and highest quartiles 37.3 ± 5.1 and 72.0 ± 6.5, respectively. In the multivariable model, participants in the highest vs. lowest HEI-2015 quartile had 24% lower odds of having low grip strength (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60–0.96). Specifically, participants who met the DGA for protein intakes, whole grains, greens and beans, vegetables, or whole fruits had 20–35% lower odds of having low grip strength than those who did not. Higher compliance to the DGA might reduce the risk for low grip strength as a proxy measure for sarcopenia among U.S. adults, particularly adequate intakes of proteins, whole grains, greens and beans, vegetables, and whole fruits.

Download Full-text

Dietary quality differs among cannabis use groups: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–16

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020001846 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Amy R Gelfand ◽

Christy C Tangney

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

National Health ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Adult Participants

Abstract Objective: To describe diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) and Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015)) according to self-reported cannabis use among the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) adult participants. Design: Utilizing cross-sectional data, we assessed diet quality with up to two 24-h diet recalls from NHANES participants. Usual intakes were estimated via the multivariate Markov Chain–Monte Carlo method. Diet quality scores were compared among never users, previous users and current users of cannabis. Setting: NHANES surveys from 2005 to 2016. Participants: Adult NHANES participants (17 855) aged 20–59 years with valid data for dietary recalls and drug use questionnaires. Results: Current adult cannabis users (ages 20–59 years) had significantly lower total diet quality (HEI-2010) scores (51·8 ± 0·7) compared with previous (56·2 ± 0·4) and never users (57·7 ± 0·4). Similar differences in total and individual HEI-2015 scores were observed. For the HEI-2015 scores, cannabis users had a significantly higher (better) sodium scores (4·1 ± 0·2) compared with never users (3·3 ± 0·1) and previous users (3·2 ± 0·1). Cannabis users scored lower compared with never users on total vegetables (3·1 ± 0·1 v. 3·7 ± 0·0), total fruit (2·1 ± 0·1 v. 3·0 ± 0·1) and whole fruit (2·2 ± 0·1 v. 3·3 ± 0·1) for the HEI-2015 index. Conclusions: Current cannabis users’ usual intakes reflect lower diet quality compared with never or previous users, particularly lower subcomponent scores of total vegetables, greens and beans, total fruit and whole fruit. Cannabis users should increase their intake of fruit and vegetables to improve overall diet quality.

Download Full-text

Diet quality in a sample of adults from Cuiabá (MT), Brazil: association with sociodemographic factors

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/s1415-52732013000400005 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 431-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anarlete da Silva Loureiro ◽

Regina Maria Veras Gonçalves da Silva ◽

Paulo Rogério Melo Rodrigues ◽

Rosângela Alves Pereira ◽

Loiva Lide Wendpap ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Poisson Regression ◽

Formal Education ◽

Household Head ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mato Grosso

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dietary quality of adults and to identify associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of adults (n=195), aged 20-50 years, of both genders, from a population-based study in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Food consumption data was collected by a food frequency questionnaire. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and body composition data were also collected. Diet quality was analyzed by the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised. The associations were estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The mean Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score was 75.2 points (CI95%=74.2-76.1), which differed significantly between the genders (p=0.03). Women had higher scores for whole fruit and sodium (p<0.01), while men had higher scores for oils, nuts, and fish fat (p=0.02). Individuals aged >30 years had higher total Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score and higher scores for the groups whole fruit; saturated fat; and calories from solid fats, alcoholic beverages, and added sugar (p<0.01). The Poisson regression between high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised and the independent variables showed that high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised was associated with being female, being aged 30 years or more, and being from families whose household head had 8 or more years of formal education. CONCLUSION: The factors associated with high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised were age, gender, and education level of the household head.

Download Full-text

Diet quality on meatless days: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001700026x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 1564-1573 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zach Conrad ◽

Micaela Karlsen ◽

Kenneth Chui ◽

Lisa Jahns

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

National Health ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Game Birds

AbstractObjectiveTo compare diet quality scores between adult non-meat eaters and meat eaters, and to compare the consumption of diet components across quintiles of diet quality.DesignCross-sectional analysis. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were used to assess mean diet quality. Differences in consumption of diet components between quintiles of diet quality were tested usingpost hocWald tests andztests.SettingThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012.SubjectsThe sample consisted of 16810 respondents aged≥18 years, including 280 individuals who reported not consuming meat, poultry, game birds or seafood on two non-consecutive days of dietary recall. Dietary data were obtained from one dietary recall per individual.ResultsNon-meat eaters had substantially greater HEI-2010 and AHEI-2010 scores than meat eaters (P<0·05). Among non-meat eaters, mean consumption across HEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of empty calories and unsaturated:saturated fatty acids. Mean consumption across AHEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of nuts and legumes, vegetables and PUFA.ConclusionsPublic health messages targeted at vegetarians and others who may choose to eat meat-free on certain days should emphasize decreased consumption of empty calories, and increased consumption of nuts and legumes, PUFA and vegetables, as a way to improve overall dietary quality.

Download Full-text

Dietary inflammatory index and healthy eating index-2015 are associated with rheumatoid arthritis

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980021001105 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Sajedeh Jandari ◽

Negin Mosalmanzadeh ◽

Mohammad Reza Shadmand Foumani Moghadam ◽

Davood Soleimani ◽

Nitin Shivappa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Inflammatory Index

ABSTRACT Objective: Many arthritic patients have the belief that dietary habits can worsen or ameliorate their symptoms. Whether diet quality can modify the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an issue of continued scientific debate and interest. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between both overall diet quality and the overall diet inflammatory potential on the risk of RA. Design: Overall diet quality and the overall inflammatory potential of the diet were evaluated with the use of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, respectively. Both DII and HEI-2015 scores were calculated based on a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariable-adjusted odds of RA were calculated across tertiles of HEI, and Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores using binary logistic regression. Setting: Mashhad, Iran Participants: 50 newly diagnosed RA cases and 100 well-matched healthy people controls. Results: Individuals in the highest tertile of DII scores, indicating the most pro-inflammatory diet, were about three times more likely to have RA than those in the lowest tertile (Odds Ratio: 2.99; 95%CI: 1.08 to 8.24; P-trend:0.037), whereas individuals in the highest tertile of HEI scores, indicating more top dietary quality, had a significantly lower odds of RA than those in the lowest tertile (Odds Ratio: 0.33; 95%CI: 0.12 to 0.87; P-trend:0.024). Conclusion: Our findings show that E-DII and HEI-2015 are positively and negatively associated, respectively, with the odds of RA in a convenience sample of Iranians. These results highlight the importance of overall diet quality in modulating the risk of RA.

Download Full-text

Dietary Quality Determined by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Biomarkers of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Middle-to-Older Aged Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 222 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seán R. Millar ◽

Pilar Navarro ◽

Janas M. Harrington ◽

Ivan J. Perry ◽

Catherine M. Phillips

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

White Blood Cell ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Low Grade ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Diet Score

Low-grade systemic inflammation is associated with a range of chronic diseases. Diet may modulate inflammation and represents a promising therapeutic target to reduce metabolic dysfunction. To date, no study has examined Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) diet score associations with biomarkers of inflammation. Thus, our objective was to assess relationships between the HEI-2015 score and a range of inflammatory biomarkers in a cross-sectional sample of 1989 men and women aged 46–73 years, to test the hypothesis that better dietary quality would be associated with more favourable circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipocytokines, acute-phase response proteins, coagulation factors and white blood cell counts were determined. Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to test HEI-2015 diet score relationships with biomarker concentrations. Higher dietary quality as determined by the HEI-2015 was associated with lower c-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 concentrations, white blood cell (WBC) counts and its constituents, adjusting for sex and age. Associations with CRP concentrations and WBC counts persisted in the fully adjusted models. No associations with complement component 3, tumour necrosis factor alpha, adiponectin, leptin, resistin or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were identified. Our data suggest that dietary quality, determined by the HEI-2015 score, in middle-to-older aged adults is associated with inflammatory biomarkers related to cardiometabolic health.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of a novel biomarker of added sugar intake (δ13C) compared with self-reported added sugar intake and the Healthy Eating Index-2010 in a community-based, rural US sample

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001500107x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 429-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Valisa E Hedrick ◽

Brenda M Davy ◽

Grace A Wilburn ◽

A Hope Jahren ◽

Jamie M Zoellner

Keyword(s):

Healthy Eating ◽

Economic Status ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Added Sugar ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

Sugar Intake ◽

C Value

AbstractObjectiveThe δ13C value of human blood is an emerging novel biomarker of added sugar (AS) intake for adults. However, no free-living, community-based assessments of comparative validity of this biomarker have been conducted. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine if Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) score, SoFAAS score (HEI-2010 sub-component for solid fat, alcohol and AS), AS and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intakes were associated with δ13C value of fingerstick blood in a community-based sample of adults, while controlling for relevant demographics.DesignA cross-sectional analysis of data obtained from assessments of BMI, dietary intake using 24 h recalls and a fingerstick blood sample was completed. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression and one-way ANOVA.SettingRural Southwest Virginia, USA.SubjectsAdults (n 216) aged >18 years who consumed at least 837 kJ/d (200 kcal/d) from SSB.ResultsThis sample of adult participants with low socio-economic status demonstrated a mean HEI-2010 score of 43·4 (sd 12·2), mean SoFAAS score of 10·2 (sd 5·7), mean AS intake of 93 (sd 65) g/d and mean blood δ13C value of −18·88 (sd 0·7) ‰. In four separate regression models, HEI-2010 (R2=0·16), SoFAAS (R2=0·19), AS (R2=0·15) and SSB (R2=0·14) predicted δ13C value (all P≤0·001). Age was also predictive of δ13C value, but not sex or race.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that fingerstick δ13C value has the potential to be a minimally invasive method for assessing AS and SSB intake and overall dietary quality in community-based settings. Strengths, limitations and future areas of research for using an objective δ13C biomarker in diet-related public health studies are discussed.

Download Full-text