scholarly journals Influence of breastfeeding duration on the incidence of dental caries in preschoolers: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Heloísa Helena Barroso ◽  
Priscila Seixas Mourão ◽  
Rafaela Lopes Gomes ◽  
Maria Tereza Pereira de Almeida ◽  
Thaís Santos Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Dentin Caries ◽  
Robust Variance ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The City

Abstract Objectives: investigate the association between breastfeeding duration and the incidence of severe caries in preschoolers. Methods: a cohort study was conducted with 132 pairs of mothers and children in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. Data collection was performed in 2 moments: when the children were between two and three years of age (baseline- 2013/2014) and after three years (T1-2016/2017). In both moments, children were evaluated for dental caries (International Caries Detection and Assessment System - ICDAS) and a questionnaire was administered to the mothers addressing socioeconomic aspects and thee habits of children. The outcome evaluated was the incidence of severe caries (Dentin caries - ICDAS Codes 5 and 6). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, chi-squared test and Poisson hierarchical regression with robust variance. Results: children who breastfed for more than 24 months (RR = 2.24 CI95%= 1.23-4.08), those whose parents were separated (RR = 1.73 CI95%= 1.11-2.69), and those with estab-lished/severe caries (RR = 2.74 CI95%= 1.37-5.49) at baseline were at greater risk of incidence of severe caries after three years. Conclusion: breastfeeding for more than 24 months is a risk factor for incidence of severe caries. In addition, family structure and established or severe baseline caries were associated.

scholarly journals Dental caries among Finnish teenagers participating in physical activity and diet intervention: association with anthropometrics and behavioural factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirja Methuen ◽  
Sofia Kauppinen ◽  
Anna Liisa Suominen ◽  
Aino-Maija Eloranta ◽  
Juuso Väistö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Teenage Girls ◽  
Behavioural Factors

Abstract Background An association between childhood anthropometric measurements and dental caries is conflicting. The prevalence and severity of dental caries and its association with anthropometric and behavioural factors, were investigated among Finnish teenagers. Methods The study sample comprised 202 15–17-year-old participants in the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) Study. Dental caries findings were recorded using International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) criteria, including activity estimation; numbers of decayed teeth (DT) and decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) were recorded. Body weight, height and waist circumference were measured and respective body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body fat percentage was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Health-related behaviours and consumption of food and drinks were assessed using questionnaires, and intake of nutrients using a 4-day food record. Results Mean DMFT for all the participants was 2.4 (SD = 2.9), DT 0.6 (SD = 1.3), and 36% had DMFT = 0. No difference between genders was observed. In bivariate analyses, use of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) three times or less per week and not having used snuff associated significantly, whereas higher carbohydrate intake (E%), toothbrushing less often than twice a day and higher caries experience at baseline almost significantly with DT > 0. In adjusted regression analyses, frequent use of SSB and higher carbohydrate intake increased the odds for DT > 0. Additionally, higher carbohydrate intake (E%) and infrequent tooth brushing significantly associated with a higher number of DT. Conclusion Caries prevalence is still low and similar in Finnish teenage girls and boys. Behavioural factors are, but anthropometric factors are not associated with dental caries.

Body Mass Index and Association With Caries in School-Aged Children With Orofacial Cleft: A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Anna Lena Sundell ◽  
Anna-Karin Nilsson ◽  
Agneta Marcusson ◽  
Carl-Johan Törnhage
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Data on the association between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries in children with orofacial clefts are sparse. Therefore, studies on the impact of BMI on caries frequency in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are of importance. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between BMI and frequency of dental caries in children with and without CL/P. Height, weight, and BMI in children with CL/P were also compared to controls. Design: This study used a cross-sectional case-control design. Participants: One hundred and thirty-nine 5- and 10-year-old children with CL/P and 299 age-matched controls. Main Outcome Measures: Caries was recorded according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Height and weight were recorded, and BMI was calculated as weight/height2. Results: There was no correlation between BMI and caries frequency. Weight, height, and BMI were significantly lower in all children with CL/P compared to controls. After adjustment for international adoption, only BMI was significantly lower in CL/P children compared to controls. Non-adopted children with CL/P were significantly heavier and longer than adopted children with CL/P. Conclusions: Five- and 10-year-old children with corrected CL/P seemed to have a lower BMI than controls, but there was no association between BMI and caries frequency. Internationally adopted children with CL/P were lighter and shorter than non-adopted CL/P children and controls.

scholarly journals Excessive Weight Gain and Dental Caries Experience among Children Affected by ADHD

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5870
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Paszynska ◽  
Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz ◽  
Aleksandra Perczak ◽  
Maria Gawriolek ◽  
Tomasz Hanć ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Adhd Children

In recent years, attention has been paid to the co-occurrence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity, but results in relation to dental caries outcomes differ. The study was conducted to determine obesity/overweight and dental caries in children suffering from ADHD and to draw comparisons with non-ADHD children. A total of 119 children under 11 years old (8.2 ± 1.2) were enrolled into a cross-sectional study: those with confirmed ADHD (n = 39), and healthy controls (n = 80). The behavioral evaluation included a parent interview directed at sweetened food/drink habits. The clinical evaluation included physical measurements (height, waist, hip circumference, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and dental examination (International Caries Detection and Assessment System—ICDAS). Results showed a higher prevalence of abnormal body weight, hip circumference, and BMI, and a higher frequency of caries (84.6%) in the ADHD group. Significant caries differences for primary (ICDAS 0, 1, 2, 5, 6 scores) and permanent teeth (ICDAS 1, 3 scores) were recorded. The questionnaire pinpointed interplays between sugar consumption and tooth decay, especially for primary dentition. It can be concluded that the consumption of sweetened foods/drinks among ADHD children may lead to an increased rate of overweight, but may also affect oral health. Limiting sugar consumption might be one of the important elements in prevention programmes against dental caries and overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals Risk indicators for dental caries using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS)

2007 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 070710054805002-??? ◽  
Author(s):  
Amid I. Ismail ◽  
Woosung Sohn ◽  
Marisol Tellez ◽  
Jenefer M. Willem ◽  
James Betz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Caries Detection

Factors Affecting the Detection and Treatment of Occlusal Caries Using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Al-Khatrash ◽  
YM Badran ◽  
QD Alomari
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World ◽  
Predominant Form ◽  
Dental Schools

Clinical Relevance Occlusal caries is the predominant form of dental caries at the present time. This study documents the variability in detection and treatment of occlusal caries among dentists graduating from different dental schools around the world and practicing in Kuwait. Furthermore, it shows that dentists tend to overtreat occlusal caries.

Breastfeeding Duration and Childhood Caries: A Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areerat Nirunsittirat ◽  
Waranuch Pitiphat ◽  
Christy M. McKinney ◽  
Timothy A. DeRouen ◽  
Nusara Chansamak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Binomial Regression

This cohort study was conducted in Khon Kaen, Thailand, to test the hypothesis that a longer breastfeeding duration increases the risk for dental caries in primary teeth. We collected information on infant feeding practices and potential confounders using a structured questionnaire to interview mothers or caregivers during the second trimester of pregnancy and after birth at 21 days and at 3, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months. Regardless of other liquids and foods, full breastfeeding was defined as feeding breast milk but not formula, while any breastfeeding was feeding breast milk with or without formula. Two calibrated dentists measured dental caries when the children were 3-4 years of age using the decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) index following the World Health Organization criteria. Negative binomial regression with a generalized linear model was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using dmfs as an outcome. Log-binomial regression was performed to model the caries prevalence. Of 556 children, 88.1% had dental caries with a mean dmfs of 14.2. Full breastfeeding for 6-11 months was significantly associated with a lower dmfs (adjusted RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63, 0.93) and a lower caries prevalence (adjusted RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.22, 0.90). The frequency of sleeping while breast- or bottle-feeding increased the caries risk in a dose-response manner. There was no association between duration of any breastfeeding and dental caries. In conclusion, full breastfeeding for 6-11 months may protect against dental caries in primary teeth. Prolonged breastfeeding was not associated with dental caries in this population.

scholarly journals Effect of Primary Molar Caries on Caries Development in the Adjacent Permanent First Molars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jafari ◽  
Saideh Aslani ◽  
Mahboobeh Zangooei ◽  
Hossein Hessari ◽  
Ahmad Reza Shamshiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Dental Instruments

Objectives: Dental caries is among the most common chronic diseases of the childhood. This study sought to assess the effect of caries experience in primary molars on caries development in the adjacent permanent first molars. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 413 students aged 7 and 8 years. Clinical dental examination was performed by two independent examiners using disposable dental instruments and a head light. Dental caries was evaluated using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) for all four permanent first molars and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index for the primary molars. Data were analyzed using the Pearson’s Chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: When primary first molars were sound, 22.9% of the permanent first molars of the same quadrant were sound. When primary second molars were sound, 25.7% of the adjacent permanent first molars were sound. A carious primary second molar had a stronger correlation with development of dentin caries in the adjacent permanent first molar than a carious primary first molar (P<0.001). Conclusion: The current results confirmed that carious primary molars can significantly affect caries development in the adjacent permanent first molars, and a carious primary second molar has a significantly greater effect than a carious primary first molar in this respect. Thus, special attention should be paid to oral hygiene and proper tooth brushing of primary molars, particularly second molars.

scholarly journals The Role of Training for Dental Students in Scoring Caries

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zurainie Abllah
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Baseline Training ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Dental Mirror

Introduction: Training of dental students is an essential part of the teaching- learning activities in order to obtain reliable results in scoring of dental caries. The objectives of this study are to examine consistency in scoring of caries over a 3-month period following baseline training, calibration and retraining. Methods: Three examiners (dental students) received baseline training/calibration by a "gold standard" examiner (lecturer). This was followed by a re-calibration and retraining 3 months later. A set of 20 extracted teeth was used for the baseline training and for the re-calibration purposes. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) was used to classify the visual caries lesion severity (0-6 scale) of surface of permanent teeth. The examination utilized a clinical light, dental mirror, dental probe and air syringe. Kappa (unweighted: Kappa) statistics were used to determine inter-examiner reliability at baseline and re-calibration. Results: For caries score criteria, the baseline calibration on 20 specimens indicated an inter-rater kappa ranging from 0.37-0.69. Re-calibration on the same 20 specimens 3 months later indicated an inter-rater kappa of 0.79-0.89. Activity kappa was in the poor to good range. All examiners improved with time. Conclusions: Training contributes to the consistency and reliability of dental caries scoring among dental students.

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