The prevalence of mandibular retromolar canals on cone beam computed tomography and its clinical repercussions

Abstract Introduction Knowledge on the normal morphology of the human mandible and its possible anatomical variations are of fundamental importance in dental practice, especially in the areas of surgery and implantodontics. The retromolar region is delimited by the anterior margin of the ramus of the mandible, the temporal crest and the distal surface of the last lower molar. In this area, a retromolar canal may be observed emerging through the retromolar foramen. Objective This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of retromolar canals in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and to correlate it with their possible clinical repercussions. Material and method 300 CBCT images were selected from the Department of Radiology of the São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School. This was an observational descriptive study and all the images were processed and analyzed on XoranCat®. Result Of the 300 CFCT scans analyzed, a single mandibular canal was observed in 210 (70.0%). In the remaining 90 cases, anatomical changes were observed relating to this canal, indicating that the prevalence of this condition in this sample was 30%. The prevalence of retromolar canals was observed in 15 patients (5.0%), of which 06 were in males and 09 in females. Conclusion The importance of a full knowledge on the anatomy of the retromolar region is herein reiterated due to the high prevalence of surgical procedures in the posterior region of the mandible, which could optimize predictability at treatment planning as well as anesthetic and surgical outcomes, thus minimizing anesthetic failures and surgical accidents.

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Bifid canals: identification of three clinical cases using cone-beam computed tomography images

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-8637201800030000113693 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 263-266

Author(s):

Paulo de Camargo MORAES ◽

Daniela Prata TACCHELLI ◽

Rubens Gonçalves TEIXEIRA ◽

Luciana Butini OLIVEIRA ◽

José Luiz Cintra JUNQUEIRA

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Third Molar ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Bone Lesions ◽

Computed Tomography Images ◽

First Case ◽

Clinical Cases

ABSTRACT Anatomical variations of mandibular canal have rarely been reported in the literature. The aim of this paper is to present three clinical cases of bifid mandibular canal diagnosed with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as well as discuss its clinical implications. The first case is very interesting due to its anatomic variation verified in a panoramic radiograph during orthodontic planning, mimicking an odontogenic tumor. The second and the third cases were identified during tomographic evaluation for third molar exodontia. The diagnosis of bifid canals is extremely relevant in order to avoid complications during surgical procedures and implant placement as well as anesthesia failures which cause pain, paresthesia and bleeding. Furthermore, the shape of these anatomical variations can be confused with bone lesions.

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Anatomical variations of mandibular canal using cone-beam computed tomography- a retrospective Study

Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology ◽

10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_229_20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 183

Author(s):

Satarupa Chanda ◽

Reema Manoj ◽

Easwaran Ramaswami ◽

Vasavi Santosh ◽

Mandavi Waghmare ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Cone Beam

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Evaluation of number of roots and root anatomy of permanent mandibular third molars in a Korean population, using cone-beam computed tomography

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.115413 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 07 (03) ◽

pp. 296-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jun-Beom Park ◽

NamRyang Kim ◽

Seojin Park ◽

Youngkyung Ko

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Root Anatomy ◽

Korean Population ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Third Molars ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Mandibular Third Molars

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology and number of roots of Korean mandibular third molars, and to evaluate the prevalence of C-shaped, two-rooted, and three-rooted mandibular third molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Serial axial CBCT images of the mandibles were gathered from 137 Korean patients. The total number of roots in the mandibular third molars of these patients was measured, and both the incidence and the correlations between left- and right-side occurrences, as well as between males and females, were analyzed. Results: Most of the mandibular third molars either had two roots (56.5%) or one root (37.9%). There was no significant difference regarding the incidence of the different types of roots according to gender (female versus male) or topology (right versus left side). A higher percentage (80.5%) of the patients had similar root morphology on both sides. Conclusion: The morphology and number of 214 mandibular third molars were examined using CBCT. There was a high prevalence of two-rooted mandibular and one-rooted mandibular third molars from this Korean population. Even though the anatomical variations in the mandibular third molars may not be high, these data regarding the occurrence and morphology of the roots will provide useful information to dentists performing these procedures.

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Position of the mandibular canal before and after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy: a cone beam computed tomography study

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.05.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Chiguti Yamashita ◽

Lilian Cristina Vessoni Iwaki ◽

Amanda Lury Yamashita ◽

Elen de Souza Tolentino ◽

Vinicius Eduardo de Oliveira Verginio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy ◽

Before And After

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Assessment of the anterior loop of the mandibular canal: A study using cone-beam computed tomography

Imaging Science in Dentistry ◽

10.5624/isd.2016.46.2.69 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 69 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Eduarda Helena Leandro do Nascimento ◽

Maria Luiza dos Anjos Pontual ◽

Andréa dos Anjos Pontual ◽

Danyel Elias da Cruz Perez ◽

José Natal Figueiroa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Anterior Loop

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Cone beam-computed tomography as an indispensable tool in the management of radiculous premolar: a case report

Journal of Research in Dentistry ◽

10.19177/jrd.v4e120161-3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Shristhi Sharma ◽

Ananth Raghav Sharma ◽

Vivek Kumar Rai ◽

Ronak Choudhary

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Case Report ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Internal Anatomy ◽

Indispensable Tool ◽

Rule Out

Background: Internal anatomy of maxillary first premolars is particularly multifaceted on account of the variation in number of roots and canal configuration. Maxillary first premolars with 3 roots are called as small molar or “radiculous” because of their similar anatomy to the maxillary first molars. The most demanding step in endodontic treatment is identification and proper access to pulp canals of certain teeth with atypical canal configurations. Methods of identification of such premolars can be by various aides.Case Presentation: The present case describes the application of Cone Beam-Computed Tomography in the diagnosis of extra root with extra canal in a three rooted maxillary right first premolar.Conclusions: Proper knowledge of the anatomical variations is a must for an endodontist to make a treatment successful. Utilizing the latest technology along with the traditional concepts can surely rule out the inaccuracy in the treatment involved in such cases.

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Evaluation of the Relationship between Mandibular Third Molar and Mandibular Canal by Different Algorithms of Cone-beam Computed Tomography

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1609 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 740-745

Author(s):

Mojdeh Mehdizadeh ◽

Navid Ahmadi ◽

Mahsa Jamshidi

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽

Third Molar ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mandibular Third Molar ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objectives Exact location of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) bundle is very important. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the mandibular third molar and the mandibular canal by cone-beam computed tomography. Study design This was a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling. 94 mandibular CBCTs performed with CSANEX 3D machine (Soredex, Finland) and 3D system chosen. Vertical and horizontal relationship between the mandibular canal and the third molar depicted by 3D, panoramic reformat view of CBCT and cross-sectional view. Cross-sectional view was our gold standard and other view evaluated by it. Results There were significant differences between the vertical and horizontal relation of nerve and tooth in all views (p < 0.001). Conclusion The results showed differences in the position of the inferior alveolar nerve with different views of CBCT, so CBCT images are not quite reliable and have possibility of error. How to cite this article Mehdizadeh M, Ahmadi N, Jamshidi M. Evaluation of the Relationship between Mandibular Third Molar and Mandibular Canal by Different Algorithms of Cone-beam Computed Tomography. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):740-745.

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Reliability of panoramic radiography in predicting proximity of third molars to the mandibular canal: A comparison using cone-beam computed tomography

Imaging Science in Dentistry ◽

10.5624/isd.20200095 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Willy James Porto Nunes ◽

Aline Lisboa Vieira ◽

Letícia Drumond de Abreu Guimarães ◽

Carlos Eduardo Pinto de Alcântara ◽

Francielle Silvestre Verner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Panoramic Radiography ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Third Molars

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Inferior alveolar nerve paraesthesia after overfilling into the mandibular canal, confirmed by cone-beam computed tomography: a case report

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2021.v24i2.2421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Claudemir de Souza Júnior ◽

Ricardo Machado ◽

Renee Ashley Batts ◽

Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Case Report ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Root Canal ◽

Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Filling Material ◽

Mandibular Molar ◽

Patient Reported

The filling material should be restricted to the root canal, and not extend to the periradicular tissues. Overextension occurs when there is an overflow of gutta-percha and sealer, whereas overfilling refers to the overflow only of sealer beyond the apical foramen. Both may cause several negative clinical consequences. Nevertheless, an accurate diagnosis of where they occurred cannot always be performed by conventional radiographic examination, because of the two-dimensional aspect of the image. This paper describes a clinical case of labiomandibular paraesthesia after overfilling into the mandibular canal (MC), as diagnosed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), later used to perform the treatment planning. A 34-year-old Caucasian female patient sought a private dental clinic complaining of pain in the right mandibular posterior region. After taking the anamnesis and performing clinical and radiographic exams, the patient was diagnosed with pulp necrosis in the second right mandibular molar, and underwent root canal treatment. The final radiography showed overextension or overfilling, probably into the MC. About 2 hours after the procedure, the patient reported paraesthesia of her lower right lip and chin. A CBCT confirmed a small overfilling into the MC. For this reason, vitamin B12 was prescribed as the first treatment option. After 7 days, the patient reported a significant decrease in paraesthesia, and was completely normal after 15 days. This case report shows that CBCT is an effective radiographic diagnostic tool that can be used as an alternative in clinical cases of labiomandibular paraesthesia caused by overextension or overfilling. Keywords Endodontic treatment; Overfilling; Paraesthesia; Conebeam computed tomography.

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