scholarly journals Incentives for accounting choices in Cash Flows Statements

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (83) ◽  
pp. 244-261
Author(s):  
Flávia Fonte de Souza Maciel ◽  
Bruno Meirelles Salotti ◽  
Joshua Onome Imoniana
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Panel Data Models ◽  
Accounting Choices ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Accounting Rules ◽  
Correct Understanding

ABSTRACT This study sought to identify incentives that influence the accounting choices for classifying interest and dividends received or paid in Cash Flow Statements (CFSs), in the period from 2008 to 2014, in non-financial companies of the Brazilian capital market. The hypotheses refer to the effect of the choice of classification for interest and dividends over cash flow from operations (CFO), according to indebtedness, profitability, size, negative CFO, sector, and auditor. This article seeks to contribute by providing evidence on the accounting choices for classification in CFSs, considering the lack of consensus in the results of studies in the Brazilian capital market and helping to better understand these accounting choices and the incentives behind them. A correct understanding of the information in CFSs is fundamental for them to be useful to their users. The existence of accounting choices for classification in CFSs may directly affect this understanding and, consequently, their usefulness. The results help in better understanding the discretion contained in CFSs, enabling the correct use of their information. They can also generate evidence for regulatory bodies to rethink their accounting rules and for academia to direct future research. Two panel data models were developed, using a sample of 352 companies, 2,290 analyzed reports, and 3,764 data items. The results indicate that companies with a greater level of debt, profitability, and size make their accounting choices in order to report higher CFO in the CFS. The evidence obtained reinforces the international findings and adds new analyses in the Brazilian context, contributing to the development of accounting choice theory.

scholarly journals Escolhas Contábeis na Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa: Análise em Empresas da América Latina

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Denise Fernandes Nascimento ◽  
Ercilio Zanolla
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Publicly Traded Companies ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Accounting Choices ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Net Assets ◽  
America Latina

ABSTRACTObjective: this study analyzed which characteristics of companies may be associated with accounting choices at DFC in 565 publicly traded companies in Latin American countries, from 2012 to 2016.Method: this study promotes analysis by estimating twelve logistic regression models and using panel data.Originality / Relevance: the study of DFC's accounting choices provides information about changes in net assets, financial structure and the ability of companies to modify resources.Results: The results show that the size of the companies, the negative cash flow and the sector may be related to the choices of interest and dividends received, and dividends paid, indicating that the results for the variables in Brazil are similar to those of Chile and Peru, even in different institutional settings.Theoretical / Methodological contributions: this study contributes by providing an overview of how financial and non-financial companies in different countries show cash flows, especially with regard to DFC's comparability and accounting choices, which can result in increasing operating cash flow. In addition, the study provides evidence of an association between company characteristics and accounting choices at DFC, showing differences in the countries surveyed, in terms of cash flow interests, and, contrary to the objective of regulatory bodies, regarding the standardization of accounting procedures.

Sources of origin of operating cash flows in Polish listed companies

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Edyta Mioduchowska-Jaroszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Investment Expenditure ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Operating Cash Flows

The aim of the article was to conduct a research on the origin of operating cash flows in Polish listed companies. The main objective of the article was to investigate the level of depreciation and its use in the operating cash flows of companies operating on the Polish capital market. The first was to examine and analyse that depreciation is the main source of the cash flow from businesses. The second hypothesis was a complement to the first hypothesis and concerned the examination of whether 100% of the depreciation was transferred to the investment expenditure. The results of the study presented in the article on depreciation in operating cash flows as the main source of operating cash have been positively confirmed. The average depreciation level ranges from 31% to 47%. The rela-tionship between investment expenditures and depreciation was also examined. Research shows that depreciation is wholly attributable to investment expenditures related to the acquisition of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, or its value exceeds expenditure. This situation positively confirms the second research hypothesis that depre-ciation is used as investment expenditure.

Capital Market Pressure, Disclosure Frequency-Induced Earnings/Cash Flow Conflict, and Managerial Myopia (Retracted)

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Bhojraj ◽  
Robert Libby
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Managerial Myopia ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Market Pressures ◽  
Market Pressure

We examine the effects of increased capital market pressure and disclosure frequency-induced earnings/cash flow conflict on myopic behavior. In our experiments, experienced financial managers choose between projects where a conflict exists between near-term earnings and total cash flow. Managers more often choose projects that they believe will maximize short-term earnings (and price) as opposed to total cash flows in response to increased capital market pressure resulting from a pending stock issuance, holding constant agency frictions and other stock market pressures. When faced with increased capital market pressure, changes in disclosure frequency cause managers to behave more or less myopically depending on the impact of the change on the pattern of earnings and the resulting earnings/cash flow conflict. Our study provides insights into managers' beliefs about stock market pressures, mandatory reporting, and the availability of alternative communications channels, and contributes to literature on managerial myopia and earnings management, as well as current debates over disclosure frequency.

Predicting cash flows related to defined benefit plan contributions

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS D. DOWDELL ◽  
BONNIE K. KLAMM ◽  
ROXANNE M. SPINDLE
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Defined Benefit ◽  
Pension Accounting ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Benefit Plan ◽  
Accounting Rules ◽  
Pension Liabilities

AbstractFuture contributions to defined benefit pension plans are a significant cash flow item that can be difficult to estimate. Funding ratios – pension assets relative to pension liabilities – have long been considered important for estimating cash flows needed for current and future pension contributions (Ballester et al., 1998). However, US GAAP or IFRS funding ratios that companies report in their financial statements may differ from funding ratios used by pension regulators. These regulatory funding ratios may be more useful for predicting future contributions.We investigate whether US regulatory and GAAP funding ratios are different and whether regulatory funding ratios provide useful information for predicting future contributions. For 3,877 firm years from 1995 through 2002, we observe that regulatory and GAAP funding ratios differ by more than 5% for 73% of our sample. We also find that predictions of future contributions are improved by using regulatory funding ratios in addition to GAAP funding ratios. Our results are relevant to accounting standard setters' ongoing review of pension accounting rules.

scholarly journals The comparability of IFRS statements of cash flows in Poland. The influence of national regulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (101 (157)) ◽  
pp. 149-166
Author(s):  
Edyta Łazarowicz
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Future Research ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Accounting Rules ◽  
Statement Of Cash Flows

This paper analyses the comparability of the structure and content of IFRS consolidated statements of cash flows within Polish listed companies and the influence of national accounting rules on these statements. Two research methods have been used: a literature review and an analysis of the content of financial statements. It has been found that there are small differences in the structure and content of IFRS consolidated statements of cash flows in Poland. The results indicate that the options in IAS 7 and the lack of an obligatory format of the IFRS statement of cash flows do not significantly reduce the comparability of these statements in Polish practice. Moreover, it has been observed that Polish listed companies follow national regulations only in some aspects for which IAS 7 provides options or has no regulations at all. The findings of this study may be relevant for standard setters, in particular, the current IASB Primary Financial Statements project, for users of financial reporting, and for academics for future research.

Misclassifying cash flows from operations: intentional or not?

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Lightstone ◽  
Karrilyn Wilcox ◽  
Louis Beaubien
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Analysts ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Statement Of Cash Flows ◽  
Case Basis

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the accuracy and informational quality of the cash from operations section of the cash flow statement. Design/methodology/approach – This paper empirically tested the accuracy of the cash from operations reported by Canadian non-financial companies. The authors studied 262 companies at three different time periods providing 786 firm observations. For each observation, the balance sheet was used to confirm the figures reported in the statement of cash flows. In addition, the authors investigated management's disclosure of the particular working capital items. Findings – The findings suggest that in recent years, companies are more likely to overstate their cash flow from operations, thereby presenting a better financial picture than is supported by the balance sheet accounts. This would suggest that the investing or financing section would be correspondingly understated. The presence of acquisitions reduces overstatements, which may be the result of more auditor presence. Research limitations/implications – This paper extends previous research from documented single, isolated instances of cash from operations being misstated to include a significant sample with more generalizable findings. The data are Canadian which may limit the generalizability to other countries. Future research should address the extent to which financial analysts rely on the reported cash from operations figure. Practical implications – This preliminary study may have implications for financial analysts and others relying on the free cash flow figure. Originality/value – This study expands on previous research which has taken place only on a case-by-case basis.

scholarly journals Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Leverage, Arus Kas Operasi dan Return Saham Syariah pada Perusahaan Jakarta Islamic Index

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sinta Wardani ◽  
Hermiyetti Hermiyetti ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Operating Cash Flows ◽  
Operating Cash Flow

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze and believe the factors that affect the return of sharia in the Jakarta Islamic Index. The sample of research is 29 companies with data from 2009-2015. Data analysis using multiple regression analysis. The results showed, liquidity and leverage is not significant significant to the return of sharia stocks. Operating cash flows are significant and positive against Sharia share returns. An interesting finding in this research is the role of operating cash flow as a determinant of stock returns. Future research can be proven the role of cash flow and other financial performance as a determinant of stock returns. A B S T R A K Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menguji secara empiris mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi return saham syariah di Jakarta Islamic Index. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 29 perusahaan dengan data tahun 2009-2015. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas. likuiditas dan leverage tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham syariah. Arus kas operasi berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap return saham syariah. Temuan menarik dalam penelitian ini adalah peran arus kas operasi sebagai penentu return saham. Penelitian mendatang dapat dibuktikan peran arus kas investasi dan pendanaan serta kinerja keuanganlainnya sebagai penentu return saham. JEL Classification: H54, R53

Are sukuk debt or equity? A classification of sukuk by regulatory bodies and credit rating agencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Rafisah Mat Radzi ◽  
Nurul Aini Muhamed
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Credit Rating ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Credit Rating Agencies ◽  
Rating Agencies ◽  
Regulatory Bodies

Sukuk (Islamic bonds) are the Shariah (Islamic law) instrument that serves as an alternative to conventional bonds that are used in the modern capital market. In theory, sukuk represent a form of equity as they represent certificates conferring ownership to holders of an asset or pool of assets or claim to its cash flows. In practice, they have become known as Islamic bonds with their investors holding debt. Following the question of whether sukuk are debt or equity, this paper aims to classify sukuk from the perspective of regulatory bodies and credit rating agencies. Furthermore, to what extent the innovations in this Islamic instrument make it differ substantially from conventional bonds in practice will be examined.

scholarly journals The Review of Literature on the Role of Earnings, Cash Flows and Accruals in Predicting of Future Cash Flow

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mwila Joseph Mulenga ◽  
Meena Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Future Cash Flow ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Future Cash Flows

AbstractResearch on the relative ability of accounting information aims in examining the ability of accounting information to predict future cash flow and earnings, based on the assertion given by Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) which states that the earnings and its components  have a better predictive power than cash flow itself (FASB,1978 para 44). Many studies have been conducted by various researchers but only few of these studies succeed to match with this assertion. This study aims to provide review on the study related to ability of earnings, cash flows from operations and accruals to predict future cash flows where methodology used in this line of research and presentation of empirical results are discussed. The review provides in depth discussion for the purpose of assisting the researchers to get familiarity with line of financial accounting research investigated capital market based accounting research and also as guidance for future researchers.Keywords: Cash flow from operations, Earnings, Accruals, Prediction, Capital Market Based Accounting Research.                                                              

A dynamic model of an insurer: loss shocks, capacity constraints and underwriting cycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Maryna Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Capacity Constraints ◽  
Real Business Cycle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Capital ◽  
Amplifying Effect

Purpose This paper aims to revisit the assumption of the cyclicality of the property-liability insurance market and identify a scenario in which the so-called underwriting cycles are unpredictable, according to a dynamic cash flow model which generates non-cyclical output dynamics. Design/methodology/approach This paper is on the intersection of real business cycle models and financial cycles. The authors construct a dynamic model of an insurer’s cash flows with stochastic loss shocks and capacity constraints, in which loss shocks have a dual impact on both underwriting profits and access to external capital. They simulate the insurer’s optimal output responses to loss shocks, including output movements in underwriting coverage and external capital, to explore the source of unpredictable underwriting cycles through linear quadratic approximation in the model economy. Findings The authors find that the effect of loss shocks on the insurer’s cash flows could spread out and amplify over time because of the dynamic interaction between its underwriting capability and ability to raise external capital. This dynamic interaction can generate a non-cyclical pattern of changes in underwriting coverage and access to external capital in the benchmark economy. Applied to different experimental economies, the simulation results reveal that the determinants of the level of output fluctuations include the size of loss shocks, the sensitivity of capital market to loss shocks and the tightness of capital market. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there has been no attempt to study insurance output cyclicality with a dynamic cash flow model based upon the real business cycle literature, in which the dynamic interaction between underwriting and access to external capital because of loss shocks has an amplifying effect on output markets. This paper contributes to the current body of research by being able to simulate and show the insurance output dynamics resulting from the amplifying effect under capacity constraints.

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