scholarly journals The invisibility of heterosexuality in HIV/AIDS prevention for men

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Fachel Leal ◽  
Daniela Riva Knauth ◽  
Márcia Thereza Couto
Keyword(s):  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Gender Patterns ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTHeterosexual men have been a forgotten group for HIV/AIDS interventions and research. Our goal was to identify the different elements that interfere in the prevention of HIV/AIDS among heterosexual men, covering both traditional methods of prevention (especially safe sex practices and testing) and new strategies for prevention (pre- and post-sexual exposure prophylaxis, prevention treatment, and circumcision) in this population. This exploratory article consists of a nonsystematic review of the literature. We discuss the invisibility of heterosexual men in policies, in programs, and in health services. The several interventions analyzed are still poorly monitored and evaluated, so there is a lack of consistent evidence regarding the impact of prevention strategies in this population. Different masculinities, including hegemonic conceptions of masculinity, must be the foundation for interventions targeting men. Men must not be seen merely as a "bridge" in the spread of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, but also as victims of gender patterns that make them vulnerable.

scholarly journals The urgent need for the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Israel Oluwasegun Ayenigbara
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infection that came into existence decades back; it spread across the African countries in the late 1970s, and is currently endemic across the world. HIV is a major public health problem all over the world, as it has claimed more than 35million lives. There were around 36.9 million individuals living with HIV at the end of 2017, and Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most affected by HIV infection with 1 in 25 adults (4.1%) living with the virus, accounting for 70% of the people living with HIV worldwide. Unfortunately, Sub-Saharan Africa continues to be the continent with the highest cases of infections and deaths from HIV/AIDS even after the implementation of various HIV/AIDS prevention methods. Fortunately, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offers the world a novel way of curtailing the HIV/AIDS epidemic, as PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV if it is used as prescribed. This paper discusses the urgent need for the use of PrEP in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is a review paper in which the meaning of PrEP was discussed, people who need PrEP were identified, the rationale for the use of PrEP for the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa were highlighted, and probable obstacles to the successful implementation of PrEP for the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa were also identified. It was concluded that to achieve the 90-90-90 goals set by UNAIDS to help end the AIDS epidemic in the world, PrEP offers a new and novel way for HIV prevention, and its implementation across all African countries is urgently needed for the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals The review of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PreP) for HIV prevention

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Meriam Caboral Stevens ◽  
Godfrey Aneke ◽  
Andrew Neplock
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

Human lmmunodeficiency Virus (HlV) epidemic continues to represent a major global health issue. Today, there are several tools available to prevent the spread of HIV infection. However, there are several constraints to the current prevention strategies including low condom use, low acceptance of testing, low awareness of vulnerability and more emphasis on treatment. Prevention strategy is redirected towards reducing acquisition of HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis or PrEP is the latest groundbreaking innovation in biomedical research in the prevention of HIV transmission.The purpose of this paper is to review preex ding the current guidelines in the use of PreP.

THE INFLUENCE OF HEAVY ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ON HIV INFECTION AND PROGRESSION

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 685-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. THOMAS ◽  
E. M. LUNGU
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
African Region ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Hiv Aids

The Sub-Sahara African region is inhabited by only 11% of the global population, but is home to 67% of the total HIV infected people and accounts for more than 70% of global AIDS deaths. In this study, we construct a mathematical model to investigate the effect of heavy alcohol consumption on the transmission and progression of HIV/AIDS, and to assess the impact of heavy drinkers on HIV/AIDS related social and health problems such as TB case load and number of orphans. Using demographic data for Botswana, we have shown that if more HIV/AIDS individuals had been de-addicted from heavy alcohol consumption, the severity of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the impact of HIV/AIDS on the number of TB cases and orphans would have been significantly less than is the case currently. The study points to the vital need for counseling and education about the evils of heavy alcohol consumption and for alcohol de-addiction programmes.

scholarly journals Analysis of HIV Transmission of Commercial Sex Wokers and Their Clients with Condom Use Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 05003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutimin ◽  
Siti Khabibah ◽  
Dita Anies Munawwaroh ◽  
R. Heri Soelistyo U
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Global Stability ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Equilibrium States ◽  
Endemic Equilibrium ◽  
Reproduction Ratio ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

A model of the HIV/AIDS epidemic among sex workers and their clients is discussed to study the effects of condom use in the prevention of HIV transmission. The model is addressed to determine the existence of equilibrium states, and then analyze the global stability of disease free and endemic equilibrium states. The global stability of equilibria depends on the vales of the basic reproduction ratio derived from the next generation matrix of the model. The endemic equilibrium state is globally stable when the ratio exceeds unity. The simulation results are presented to discuss the effect of condom use treatment in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS among sex workers and their clients. The results show that the effectiveness level in using condoms in sexual intercourse corresponds to the decreasing level of the spread of HIV/AIDS. We use Maple and Matlab software to simulate the impact of condom use.

Global Threat HIV/Aids: Burden, Trends And Hope

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manindra Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Abha Tenguria
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Hiv Aids

In this present review work, we seek to provide the basic characteristics of HIV/AIDS, brief statistics of HIV/ AIDS epidemic with respect to global level and Indian level and also with the description of controlling efforts against it. We also provided brief methodology of mathematical models of HIV/AIDS as hope for prevention strategies by shaping the disease burden and trends.

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