scholarly journals MENTAL HEALTH NURSING EDUCATION IN BRAZIL: PERSPECTIVES FOR PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Perpétuo Socorro de Sousa Nóbrega ◽  
Cinthia Mariotto Martins Venzel ◽  
Ellen Santos de Sales ◽  
Alessandro Coldibelli Próspero
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Care Education ◽  
Nursing Courses

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the limitations, strategies, importance and obstacles in mental health education in undergraduate nursing, focused on the role of nurses in Primary Health Care. Method: An exploratory descriptive study conducted with 103 professors in the mental health area of Bachelor/Postgraduate nursing courses from 89 public Higher Education Institutions in the five regions of Brazil. Results: Only 23.3% (24) of the professors teach mental health classes only in primary health care. Of the sample, the limitations to teaching in primary care education are few class hours (46.6%), faculty to expand teaching beyond specialty settings (38.8%), and prioritization of other scenarios (48.5%). When teaching, the strategies used are home visits (43.7%), educational actions (34.0%) and active search for mental health cases (29.1%). The professors consider them important to support mental health actions (58.3%); and the barriers are the lack of articulation between the Collective Health and Health disciplines to conduct teaching (87.5%). Conclusion: It is suggested that the institutions, courses and professors make the commitment and focus efforts to overcome the gaps, which hinder the nurse’s education process regarding primary knowledge in mental health, so that they can offer care to patients in psychological distress in the context of the community, as well as strengthen national mental health policy.

Mental health nursing in New Zealand primary health care

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. O’Brien ◽  
Frances A. Hughes ◽  
Jacquie D. Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Health Nursing

scholarly journals Developing a Model to Implement National Mental Health Policy Framework and Integration of Mental Health care into HIV Services at Primary Health Care Settings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie Baphumelele Cele ◽  
Euphemia Mbali Mhlongo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
National Mental Health

Abstract BackgroundPeople living with HIV are at a notably increased risk of developing mental health conditions or may precede the HIV infection, such as depression and anxiety, which partially arise from having to adjust, not only to the diagnosis, but coming to terms with living with a chronic, infectious illness, may also be due to direct infection of the brain by the HIV. Mental health conditions have been reported to be common in people living with HIV (PLWH). Research has shown that the chances of PLWH experiencing mental health disorder is very high. This is not far from the fact that there exists a link between mental health conditions in HIV patients with neurotoxic effect of HIV patient’s central nervous system. The incorporation of mental health services into other medical services at primary health care level is found on epidemiologic data, which shows that psychiatric conditions are over-represented in primary health care. MethodsThis study was informed by mixed methods, participatory action research and made use of quantitative (self-administered questionnaire) and qualitative (in-depth interviews and focus group discussions) data collection tools. The study was conducted in three district level hospitals that offered primary and comprehensive care for HIV (initiation and ART management) and mental health conditions in the eThekwini district of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Inclusion criteria was observed throughout the process of data collection. There were face to face interviews that were conducted with the research team. Only registered nurses, doctors, psychologists, and experts in both areas of interest, had a qualification in general nursing and in mental health nursing, medical doctors that had specialized in mental health, and those specialized in HIV were included in this study. ResultsIt was evident that there were no existing models which adequately addressed how the national mental health policy framework can be successfully implemented towards integrating mental health into HIV services at primary health care settings. ConclusionHealth care providers have limited awareness of the national mental health policy framework as well as the processes involved in its implementation.

Disaster Management in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-369
Author(s):  
Katie A. Willson ◽  
Gerard J. FitzGerald ◽  
David Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Primary Health

AbstractObjective:This scoping review aims to map the roles of rural and remote primary health care professionals (PHCPs) during disasters.Introduction:Disasters can have catastrophic impacts on society and are broadly classified into natural events, man-made incidents, or a mixture of both. The PHCPs working in rural and remote communities face additional challenges when dealing with disasters and have significant roles during the Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery (PPRR) stages of disaster management.Methods:A Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology was utilized, and the search was conducted over seven electronic databases according to a priori protocol.Results:Forty-one papers were included and sixty-one roles were identified across the four stages of disaster management. The majority of disasters described within the literature were natural events and pandemics. Before a disaster occurs, PHCPs can build individual resilience through education. As recognized and respected leaders within their community, PHCPs are invaluable in assisting with disaster preparedness through being involved in organizations’ planning policies and contributing to natural disaster and pandemic surveillance. Key roles during the response stage include accommodating patient surge, triage, maintaining the health of the remaining population, instituting infection control, and ensuring a team-based approach to mental health care during the disaster. In the aftermath and recovery stage, rural and remote PHCPs provide long-term follow up, assisting patients in accessing post-disaster support including delivery of mental health care.Conclusion:Rural and remote PHCPs play significant roles within their community throughout the continuum of disaster management. As a consequence of their flexible scope of practice, PHCPs are well-placed to be involved during all stages of disaster, from building of community resilience and contributing to early alert of pandemics, to participating in the direct response when a disaster occurs and leading the way to recovery.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Ghanaian traditional health practitioners, primary health care workers, service users and caregivers regarding collaboration for mental health care

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Nyame ◽  
Edward Adiibokah ◽  
Yasmin Mohammed ◽  
Victor C. Doku ◽  
Caleb Othieno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Traditional Health Practitioners ◽  
Health Practitioners

Abstract Background In low- and middle-income countries, the paucity of conventional health services means that many people with mental health problems rely on traditional health practitioners (THPs). This paper examines the possibility of forging partnerships at the Primary Health Care (PHC) level in two geopolitical regions of Ghana, to maximize the benefits to both health systems. Methods The study was a qualitative cross-sectional survey. Eight (8) focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted between February and April 2014. The views of THPs, PHC providers, service users (i.e. patients) and their caregivers, on the perceived benefits, barriers and facilitators of forging partnerships were examined. A thematic framework approach was employed for analysis. Results The study revealed that underlying the widespread approval of forging partnerships, there were mutual undertones of suspicion. While PHC providers were mainly concerned that THPs may incur harms to service users (e.g., through delays in care pathways and human rights abuses), service users and their caregivers highlighted the failure of conventional medical care to meet their healthcare needs. There are practical challenges to these collaborations, including the lack of options to adequately deal with human rights issues such as some patients being chained and exposed to the vagaries of the weather at THPs. There is also the issue of the frequent shortage of psychotropic medication at PHCs. Conclusion Addressing these barriers could enhance partnerships. There is also a need to educate all providers, which should include sessions clarifying the potential value of such partnerships.

scholarly journals Social determinants of depression: association with age, gender and primary health care model

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J China
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Primary Health Care Physician

Abstract Background Depression is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide and is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. The social determinants of age, gender and access to a primary health care physician have been identified as significant determinants of variability in the prevalence of depression. This research evaluates the association between depression and these social determinants in the city of Almada, in Portugal. Methods This cross-sectional study reports the one-month prevalence (December, 2015) of depression and its association with age, gender and access to a primary health care doctor in Almada's primary health care population. Data was collected from the 'Information System of the Regional Health Administration' (SIARS) database. The diagnostic tools used for the identification of cases were the ICPC-2 codes 'P76: Depressive Disorder' and 'P03: Feeling Depressed'. An odds ratio was applied as an association measure. Results Regarding gender and age: women are more likely to develop depression than men (OR 3.21) and the age group of 40-64 years is more likely to develop depression compared with other age groups (OR 2.21). The odds of being affected by depression for patients with a permanent primary health care physician, compared with users without a permanent primary health care physician, are higher (OR 2.24). Conclusions The patterns of association of age and gender, uncovered in this dataset, are consistent with previously reported findings for other Western countries. The association between depression and the assignment of a permanent primary health care doctor is highly significant. This finding suggests the existence of a higher detection rate of depression in patients with a permanent doctor and adds weight to the need to implement health policies that guarantee a primary health care physician for each patient. Key messages The age and gender gap in depression calls for stronger public health and intersectoral strategies to promote and protect mental health, in community-based settings. Reducing barriers and enhancing access to high-quality primary medical care must be a cornerstone of mental health policies.

Preparing nurses for primary health care futures: how well do Australian nursing courses perform?

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Keleher ◽  
Rhian Parker ◽  
Karen Francis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Curriculum Reform ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Educational Preparation ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion

Health reform is increasingly targeted towards strengthening and expansion of primary health systems as care is shifted from hospitals to communities. The renewed emphasis on prevention and health promotion is intended to curb the tide of chronic disease and sustain effective chronic disease management, as well as address health inequities and increase affordable access to services. Given the scope of nurses’ practice, the success of Australia’s health system reforms are dependent on a nursing workforce that is appropriately educated and prepared for practice in community settings. This article reports on the results of an Australian national audit of all undergraduate nursing curricula to examine the extent of professional socialisation and educational preparation of nurses for primary health care. The results of the audit are compared with Australian nursing standards associated with competency in primary health care. The findings indicate that Australian nursing competencies are general in their approach to skills and knowledge, not specifying any particular competencies for primary health care, while undergraduate student preparation for practice in primary health and community settings is patchy and not keeping pace with reform agendas that promote expanded roles for nurses in primary health care, prevention and health promotion. The implication for nursing curriculum reform is that attention to achieving nursing graduate capacity for primary health care and health promotion is a priority.

Supporting Young People at School With High Mental Health Needs

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Rickwood
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Young People ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Primary Health

AbstractFor young people still at school, the school setting is vital to their mental health and wellbeing. Not only does the school environment have a direct and indirect impact on mental health, it provides an opportunistic setting in which to identify and respond to emerging mental health problems. To do this effectively, schools and school staff must work in collaboration with the young people themselves, their families, and other support services within the community, particularly primary health care services, including general practice. The importance of developing effective partnerships and care pathways between schools and the primary health care sector is being increasingly acknowledged, and initiatives such as MindMatters Plus GP have advanced our understanding in this area.

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