scholarly journals Focused ultrasound and Alzheimer’s disease A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Marmo da Costa e Souza ◽  
Inaê Carolline Silveira da Silva ◽  
Anna Beatriz Temoteo Delgado ◽  
Pedro Hugo Vieira da Silva ◽  
Victor Ribeiro Xavier Costa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Tau Phosphorylation ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target ◽  
Preclinical Trials

ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects millions of people, however, there is still no effective treatment. The use of focused ultrasound with microbubbles (FUS-MB) for the opening of the blood-brain barrier has been recently studied and may become a promising therapeutic target. Objective: To discuss the use of FUS-MB for the treatment of AD and to present some of the techniques used. Methods: A systematic review was performed of MEDLINE/PubMed and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) services, using the keywords: focused ultrasound, Alzheimer, amyloid-b. Original articles were included in the study; studies that did not focus on Alzheimer’s treatment were excluded. Results: Fifteen original studies were selected. Preclinical trials were able to reduce amyloid-b plaques and tau phosphorylation, improving cognitive performance in AD animals. Conclusion: The results are very promising, but the therapy still requires maturation. Further studies are needed to systematize all the techniques used and their effects in order to enable use in humans.

scholarly journals The Adenosinergic Signaling: A Complex but Promising Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucrezia Cellai ◽  
Kevin Carvalho ◽  
Emilie Faivre ◽  
Aude Deleau ◽  
Didier Vieau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target

scholarly journals Association of Alzheimer’s Disease Genetic Risk Loci with Cognitive Performance and Decline: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109-1136
Author(s):  
Shea J. Andrews ◽  
G. Peggy McFall ◽  
Andrew Booth ◽  
Roger A. Dixon ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Genetic Risk

scholarly journals The inhibition of LSD1 via sequestration contributes to tau-mediated neurodegeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (46) ◽  
pp. 29133-29143
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Engstrom ◽  
Alicia C. Walker ◽  
Rohitha A. Moudgal ◽  
Dexter A. Myrick ◽  
Stephanie M. Kyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Histone Demethylase ◽  
Direct Mechanism ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target

Tauopathies are a class of neurodegenerative diseases associated with pathological tau. Despite many advances in our understanding of these diseases, the direct mechanism through which tau contributes to neurodegeneration remains poorly understood. Previously, our laboratory implicated the histone demethylase LSD1 in tau-induced neurodegeneration by showing that LSD1 localizes to pathological tau aggregates in Alzheimer's disease cases, and that it is continuously required for the survival of hippocampal and cortical neurons in mice. Here, we utilize the P301S tauopathy mouse model to demonstrate that pathological tau can exclude LSD1 from the nucleus in neurons. In addition, we show that reducing LSD1 in these mice is sufficient to highly exacerbate tau-mediated neurodegeneration and tau-induced gene expression changes. Finally, we find that overexpressing LSD1 in the hippocampus of tauopathy mice, even after pathology has formed, is sufficient to significantly delay neurodegeneration and counteract tau-induced expression changes. These results suggest that inhibiting LSD1 via sequestration contributes to tau-mediated neurodegeneration. Thus, LSD1 is a promising therapeutic target for tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease.

Efficacy of gene therapy to restore cognition in Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desyrre V Tedeschi ◽  
Anderson F da Cunha ◽  
Márcia R Cominetti ◽  
Renata Valle Pedroso
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Jadad Scale ◽  
Preclinical Trials

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia and it is a progressive neurogenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. There is currently no cure, however some treatments are available to slow down the progression of the disease, including gene therapy, which has been investigated as having great potential for the treatment of AD. Objective: Thus, the aim of this review was to identify the efficacy of gene therapy to restore cognition in Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: A systematic review was carried out using papers published up to May 2020 and available in the Web of Science, Scopus, and Medline/PUBMED databases. Articles were considered for inclusion if they were original research that investigated the effects of gene therapy on cognition in AD. The methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated using the Risk of Bias Tool for Animal Intervention Studies (SYRCLE’s Rob tool), and the Jadad Scale. Results: Most preclinical studies obtained positive results in improving memory and learning in mice that underwent treatment with gene therapy. On the other hand, clinical studies have obtained inconclusive results related to the delivery methods of the viral vector used in gene therapy. Conclusion: Gene therapy showed a great potential for the treatment of AD in preclinical trials, but results should be interpreted with caution since preclinical studies presented limitations to predict the efficacy of the treatment outcome in humans.

scholarly journals Deficits in emotion processing in Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-330
Author(s):  
Rogeria Cristina Rangel da Silva ◽  
Raquel Luíza Santos de Carvalho ◽  
Marcia Cristina Nascimento Dourado
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Emotional processing involves the ability of the individual to infer emotional information. There is no consensus about how Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects emotional processing. Objective: Our aim is to systematically review the impact of AD on emotion processing. Methods: We conducted a search based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The literature search was performed using the electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed) and Science Citation Index (Institute for Scientific Information [ISI]). The following descriptors were used in the review process: emotion or emotional processing, cognition or cognitive functions, and Alzheimer disease or Alzheimer’s disease. This systematic review was recorded in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the number CRD42018115891. Results: We identified 425 articles, 19 of which met our criteria. Visual emotional stimuli were the most used among studies. Most studies used tasks of emotional naming, discrimination, identification, and correspondence. The results were contradictory. Many studies reported that individuals with AD were impaired on emotional perception tasks, while other results reported preserved skills. The relationship between emotional processing and cognition is also unclear. Some studies suggested that general cognitive performance affects performance in emotional perception tasks among people with AD, but other studies have shown deficits in recognizing emotion, regardless of cognitive performance. Conclusions: Studies are scarce, present contradictory results, and report impairment in emotional processing in relation to cognition. Moreover, the analyses of the correlation between emotion processing and cognitive functioning failed to reveal clear relationships.

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