scholarly journals Predictor Variables of Childbearing Motivations in Brazilian Women and Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Violeta Vasquez Varas ◽  
Juliane Callegaro Borsa
Keyword(s):  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Partner Relationship ◽  
Difference Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the relationships between positive (PCM), negative (NCM) childbearing motivations and psychological, sociodemographic, family of origin and partner relationship variables in a sample of 1969 Brazilians (83.6% female), aged 18 to 50 years (M = 29.27; SD = 5.97). Spearman correlations, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis U-tests, and multiple regressions were performed. The results of the correlations and multiple regressions verified the relationship between both motivations and the various variables postulated. It was also verified that religiosity was the variable with greater predictive power for PCM and having or not having children was the variable with greater predictive power for NCM. In the group difference analysis, significant differences were found for PCM according to occupation, type of relationship, and presence/absence of a partner. As for the NCM, significant differences were found according to sex.

Dichotomization, Partial Correlation, and Conditional Independence

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Vargha ◽  
Tamás Rudas ◽  
Harold D. Delaney ◽  
Scott E. Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Independence ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Lower Power ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

It was recently demonstrated that performing median splits on both of two predictor variables could sometimes result in spurious statistical significance instead of lower power. Not only is the conventional wisdom that dichotomization always lowers power incorrect, but the current article further demonstrates that inflation of apparent effects can also occur in certain cases where only one of two predictor variables is dichotomized. In addition, we show that previously published formulas claiming that correlations are necessarily reduced by bivariate dichotomization are incorrect. While the magnitude of the difference between the correct and incorrect formulas is not great for small or moderate correlations, it is important to correct the misunderstanding of partial correlations that led to the error in the previous derivations. This is done by considering the relationship between partial correlation and conditional independence in the context of dichotomized predictor variables.

Autisme binnen de opvoeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Bailly ◽  
Jorieke Duvekot ◽  
Kirstin Greaves-Lord ◽  
Leontine ten Hoopen
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Partner Relationship ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychiatric Problems ◽  
Relevant Covariates

This study investigates the relationship between the perceived stress of parents with a child with (characteristics of) an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the degree of ASD characteristics within parents. Data from 222 children (mean age 7.8 years) and their primary caregivers, previously collected as part of the Social Spectrum Study, were analyzed. Linear regression analyses were used to investigate the association between experienced parenting stress and the influence of parents’ own ASD characteristics, taking into account relevant covariates. This study shows that the experienced parenting stress does not show a significant relationship with the ASD characteristics of parents when relevant covariates (such as own psychiatric problems, ASD characteristics of the child and the partner relationship) are added. This study finds indications that parenting stress in parents of children with ASD appears to be more strongly related to their general perceived psychopathology than to their specific ASD characteristics. Further replication is warranted, and we advise research into interventions for parents that possibly prevent (further) stress associated with raising a child with ASD (characteristics).

scholarly journals Trust Mediating Reliability–Reliance Relationship in Supervisory Control of Human–Swarm Interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1237-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Hussein ◽  
Sondoss Elsawah ◽  
Hussein A. Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Trust In Automation ◽  
The Relationship

Objective This work aims to further test the theory that trust mediates the interdependency between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance on automation. Background Human trust in automation has been the focus of many research studies. Theoretically, trust has been proposed to impact human reliance on automation by mediating the relationship between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance. Experimentally, however, the results are contradicting as some confirm the mediating role of trust, whereas others deny it. Hence, it is important to experimentally reinvestigate this role of trust and understand how the results should be interpreted in the light of existing theory. Method Thirty-two subjects supervised a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in foraging missions in which the swarm provided recommendations on whether or not to collect potential targets, based on the information sensed by the UAVs. By manipulating the reliability of the recommendations, we observed changes in participants’ trust and their behavioral responses. Results A within-subject mediation analysis revealed a significant mediation role of trust in the relationship between swarm reliability and reliance rate. High swarm reliability increased the rate of correct acceptances, but decreased the rate of correct rejections. No significant effect of reliability was found on response time. Conclusion Trust is not a mere by-product of the interaction; it possesses a predictive power to estimate the level of reliance on automation. Application The mediation role of trust confirms the significance of trust calibration in determining the appropriate level of reliance on swarm automation.

scholarly journals Analisis Regresi Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) untuk Pemodelan Kemiskinan Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Nur Roudlotul Hidayah ◽  
Artanti Indrasetianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Spatial Regression ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Spatial Durbin Model ◽  
Classic Problem ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Spatial Regression Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Regression is a statistical technique used to describe the relationship between response variables with one or more predictor variables. The development of classical regression analysis that is influenced by the effects of space or location of a region is called spatial regression analysis. The purpose of this study is to conduct Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) regression analysis for poverty modeling in East Java in 2017. Poverty is a classic problem that occurs in almost all countries and is multidimensional, which is related to social, economic, cultural and other aspects. In 2017, poverty in East Java declined compared to the previous year. Therefore it is necessary to identify the factors that influence poverty. The variables used are the percentage of poor people as the response variable (Y) and predictor variables including Education does not finish elementary school (X1), Literacy Rate age 15 -55 years (X2), informal sector workers (X3), unemployment rate open (X4), household users of land as the widest floor (X5), and households using improper sanitation (X6), and households using drinking water sources are not feasible (X7).    Regresi merupakan teknik statistik yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara variabel respon dengan satu atau lebih variabel prediktor. Pengembangan dari analisis regresi klasik yang dipengaruhi oleh efek ruang atau lokasi wilayah disebut analisis regresi spasial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis regresi Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) untuk pemodelan kemiskinan di Jawa Timur tahun 2017. Kemiskinan merupakan masalah klasik yang terjadi hampir diseluruh negara dan bersifat multidimensional, dimana berkaitan dengan aspek sosial, ekonomi, budaya dan aspek lainnya. Pada tahun 2017, kemiskinan di Jawa Timur mengalami penurunan jika dibandingkan dengan tahun sebelumnya. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan identifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu persentase penduduk miskin sebagai variabel respon (Y) dan variabel prediktor antara lain Pendidikan tidak tamat SD (X1), Angka Melek Huruf  (AHM) usia 15 -55 tahun (X2), pekerja sektor informal (X3), tingkat pengangguran terbuka (X4), rumah tangga pengguna tanah sebagai lantai terluas (X5), dan rumah tangga pengguna sanitasi tidak layak (X6), dan Rumah tangga pengguna sumber air minum tidak layak (X7).

scholarly journals Empirical examination of decision making core technology adoption theory to explain youth preferences for HIV preventive actions

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Njabulo Samson Melusi Shongwe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information System ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Core Model ◽  
Adoption Theory ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Core Technology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Action Intention

This study reports on the application of decision making core technology adoption theory to empirically examine youth preferences for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) preventive actions. In order to contribute to the open discourse on whether technology adoption rate is higher for male or female, goal desire, goal intention, action desire and action intention elements of decision making core theory were tested. A mobile health information system was implemented as an HIV information disseminating tool and used for experimentation to determine adoption by youths. A dataset of 118 pupils from two high schools was used for pilot investigation. A dataset of 292 undergraduate youths aged 10-24 years from two universities in South Africa was generated to validate the research model. The Partial Least Square (PLS) analytic modelling technique was used to determine the predictive power of decision making core model from the input dataset. Results of experimentation show that regardless of the gender youth accepts to use mobile information system to access HIV information. The predictive power of the decision making core model was found to be independent of gender factor, which was also not found to moderate the relationship between Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC) and action intention. In addition, gender was not found to moderate the order of importance in factors that predict youth preferences for HIV preventive action. PBC, action desire and goal desire were selected as the most important predictors of HIV preventive actions. The factor of action desire was found to mediate the relationship between PBC and action intention such that the mediation effect was stronger for male youth (68%) than for female youth (19%). Finally, the decision making core model better predicted youth preferences for HIV preventive actions as compared to two models based on Theory of Reason Action (TRA) and Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)

scholarly journals Doubly Robust Estimation of Causal Effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Li ◽  
Changyu Shen
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Robust Estimator ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Doubly Robust Estimation ◽  
Doubly Robust ◽  
Confounding Adjustment ◽  
The Relationship

Propensity score–based methods or multiple regressions of the outcome are often used for confounding adjustment in analysis of observational studies. In either approach, a model is needed: A model describing the relationship between the treatment assignment and covariates in the propensity score–based method or a model for the outcome and covariates in the multiple regressions. The 2 models are usually unknown to the investigators and must be estimated. The correct model specification, therefore, is essential for the validity of the final causal estimate. We describe in this article a doubly robust estimator which combines both models propitiously to offer analysts 2 chances for obtaining a valid causal estimate and demonstrate its use through a data set from the Lindner Center Study.

scholarly journals QSAR studies on imidazoles and sulfonamides as antidiabetic agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Veerasamy Ravichandran ◽  
Rajak Harish
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Power ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Qsar Studies ◽  
2D Qsar ◽  
Partial Least Square Analysis ◽  
Qsar Models ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The main objective of the present study was to establish significant and validated QSAR models for imidazoles and sulfonamides to explore the relationship between their physicochemical properties and antidiabetic activity. Two dimensional QSAR models had been developed by multiple linear regression and partial least square analysis methods, and then validated for internal and external predictions. The established 2D QSAR models were statistically significant and highly predictive. The validation methods provided significant statistical parameters with q2 > 0.5 and pred_r2 > 0.6, which proved the predictive power of the models. The developed 2D QSAR models revealed the significance of SlogP and T_N_O_5, and Mol.Wt and SsBrE-index properties of imidazoles and sulfonamides on their antidiabetic activity, respectively. These results should prove to be an essential guide for the further design and development of new imidazoles and sulfonamides having better antidiabetic activity.

scholarly journals Marital physical violence suffered and committed by men: repeating family patterns?

Psico-USF ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Riboli Marasca ◽  
Josiane Razera ◽  
Henrique Juliano Rosa Pereira ◽  
Denise Falcke
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Marital Violence ◽  
Family Patterns ◽  
The Family ◽  
Conflict Tactics

Abstract Intending to contribute to the marital violence theme, this article has the objective to investigate the presence of physical violence suffered and committed by men in family relationships and the predictive power of family of origin experiences on this occurrence in a sample of 186 men. A sociodemographic questionnaire, Family Background Questionnaire (FBQ) and Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) were used to collect the data. Physical violence suffered and committed by men established significant correlations with experiences of violence in the family of origin. The predictive factor for the occurrence was the experience of parental physical abuse in childhood. We discuss the relevance of a focus of attention on men also as victims of marital violence and the relevance of understanding the role of family of origin for the maintenance of violence in future relations.

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