scholarly journals SOIL PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES AND YIELD OF WINTER COMMON BEAN CROP UNDER A NO-TILL SYSTEM IN THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA CECÍLIA CAVALLINI DA SILVA ◽  
◽  
MARCELO ANDREOTTI ◽  
NÍDIA RAQUEL COSTA ◽  
CÉSAR GUSTAVO DA ROCHA LIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
No Till ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Gravimetric Water Content

ABSTRACT Knowledge of the interactions between soil physical properties and yield performance in agricultural crops is very important for the adoption of appropriate management practices. This study aimed to evaluate the linear and spatial correlations between some soil physical attributes, straw production in the palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha), and grain yield of winter common bean in succession to the grass under an irrigated no-till system in an Oxisol Haplorthox in the Cerrado lowlands region of Brazil. The plant attributes determined were dry matter yield of U. brizantha (DMY), and grain yield (GY) and final plant population (PP) of winter common bean. The soil physical attributes, evaluated at 0.0-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m, were soil bulk density (BD), macroporosity (MA), microporosity (MI), total porosity (TP), penetration resistance (PR), gravimetric water content (GW), and volumetric water content (VW). A geostatistical grid with 124 sampling points was installed to collect the soil and plant data in an area of 4000 m2. The remaining straw amount of palisade grass exhibited an inverse linear correlation with bean yield and bean plant population when the bean was cultivated in succession. However, no spatial correlations were observed among the attributes. The common bean yield had a direct linear correlation with gravimetric water content in the 0.10-0.20 m soil layer. From a spatial point of view, winter bean yield showed a strong dependence on the distribution of the volumetric water content in the 0-0.10 m soil layer.

scholarly journals Production and Nutrient Accumulation of Common Bean Cultivars under Competition with Weed

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. COELHO ◽  
L.P. DALVI ◽  
L.S.G. OLIVEIRA ◽  
F.L. OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: Improper management of weeds is one of the causes of low bean yield, as it is very susceptible to interference due to their slow initial growth. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dayflower on grain yield and nutrient accumulation of bean cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a screened house, in 5 L pots, in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. Factor 1 corresponded to the presence or absence of weeds, and factor 2 bean cultivars: BRS Pontal, BRS Agreste, BRS Ametista and BRS Estilo. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. The coexistence of bean and weed was maintained throughout the crop cycle. Chlorophyll content, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, nutrients contents (N - nitrogen, P - phosphorus, K - potassium, Ca - calcium, Mg - magnesium, Mn - manganese, Fe - iron and Zn - zinc) in grains were evaluated. Competition with weeds negatively influenced chlorophyll content, number of pods, yield and N content in grains. The interaction was significant to P, Mg and Fe contents in grains, demonstrating that competition with weeds may impair allocation of these nutrients, resulting in grains of inferior nutritional quality. The cultivar BRS Agreste was more efficient to accumulate P and Mg in grains in competition with dayflower.

scholarly journals PREPARO DO SOLO, INOCULAÇÃO DE SEMENTES E DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO EM COBERTURA NO FEIJOEIRO COMUM DE INVERNO IRRIGADO

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orivaldo ARF ◽  
Marco Eustáquio de SÁ ◽  
Ricardo Antônio Ferreira RODRIGUES ◽  
Salatiér BUZETTI ◽  
Flávia Catiuci Robim da SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Rhizobium Tropici ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
No Till ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Plant Efficiency

O feijão comum é uma planta exigente em nutrientes, principalmente em relação ao N. A adoção de um sistema de preparo que possibilite melhorar as condições do solo, associada ao fornecimento adequado de N pode ser de suma importância no sentido de aumentar a eficiência da planta na utilização dos recursos disponíveis. Assim propôs-se o estudo com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes preparos do solo, inoculação de sementes com Rhizobium tropici e doses de N em cobertura no desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos do feijão comum, cultivar Pérola, no período de inverno e irrigado. O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Selvíria (MS) nos anos de 2006 e 2007. O delineamento estatístico foi blocos casualizados disposto em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 x 4, envolvendo três modalidades de preparo do solo (escarificador + grade niveladora, grade pesada + grade niveladora e plantio direto), inoculação ou não de sementes com estirpes de Rhizobium tropici (presença e ausência) e aplicação de N em cobertura aplicadas por ocasião da fase V4-5 (0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha-1 ), com quatro repetições. Concluiu-se que o preparo do solo, com grade pesada, escarificador ou plantio direto e o uso de inoculação de sementes com Rhizobium tropici não alteram a produtividade de grãos da cultura e, a adubação nitrogenada em cobertura proporciona incremento na produtividade de grãos superior a 17% na dose de 180 kg de N ha-1 em relação ao tratamento testemunha. ABSTRACT Common bean is a demanding plant in nutrients, mainly in relation to nitrogen. The adoption of a management system that improves the soil conditions, associated to the appropriate nitrogen supply can be very important to increase the plant efficiency in the use of the available resources. This study aimed to evaluate different combinations of soil management, seed inoculation and nitrogen doses in the growth and yield of irrigated common bean plant in winter period. The experiment was conducted in Selvíria county (MS) in years of 2006 and 2007. A randomized completely blocks design in a factorial scheme 3 x 2 x 4, constituted by three soil management (chisel ploughing + leveling disk, heavy disk + leveling disk, and no till), seed inoculation with Rhizobium tropici ( with or without inoculation) and nitrogen doses at sidedressing on stage V4-5 (zero, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1), with four repetitions, was used. The soil management with chisel ploughing, heavy disk, or no till, and the use of seed inoculation with Rhizobium tropici does not interfere in the irrigated common bean yield; the nitrogen fertilization at sidedressing provides increment above 17% at dose of 180 kg ha-1 of nitrogen in relation to control.

scholarly journals Effect of cover crops on common bean yield and soil physical properties under no-till system

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edleusa Pereira Seidel ◽  
Sheila Cordeiro da Silva ◽  
Livia Parise Eid da Silva ◽  
Ana Paula Spacki
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
No Till ◽  
Bean Yield

scholarly journals Effect of row arrangement of common bean with maize intercropping on yield and economic benefit of component crops under Gimbo and Guraferda, Kaffa and Bench Maji zones, South Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
M Mogiso ◽  
N Nazib
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons

The yield advantage obtained due to intercropping is attributed to a better use of resources by crops grown in combinations, as compared to sole stands. Field experiment conducted at Gimbo and Guraferda during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons in order to determine the appropriate intercropping row arrangement on maize-common bean yield and economic advantages of the cropping system. Maize variety BH-540 and common bean variety Hawassa dume were used as test crop. The experiment used four treatments (sole maize, sole common bean, 1:1 maizecommon bean and 1:2 maize-common bean intercropping) arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Grain yield of the component crops were significantly varied by locations. The highest maize yield was recorded at Guraferda than Gimbo; whereas, common bean yielded better at Guraferda than at Gimbo. The combined mean grain yield of maize and common bean was significantly (p<0.05) higher for sole stands than intercropping. The highest yield of 6545.7 and 5570.6 kg ha-1 was obtained from sole maize at Guraferda and Gimbo locations, respectively. On the other hand, the highest yield of 3407.2 and 2638.0 kg ha-1 was obtained from growing sole common bean at Gimbo and Guraferda locations, respectively. The yield obtained from 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping was statistically same with sole maize yield at Guraferda. The highest LER of 1.62 and 1.52 with MAI of 15,268.05 and 13.695.90 ETB ha-1 obtained from 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping at Guraferda and Gimbo locations, respectively. Generally, growing 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping found to be more productive and economically profitable than others. Hence, a one row common bean intercropped between the two rows of maize can be recommended in the lowlands of Gimbo and Guraferda areas. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 22-27, June 2020

scholarly journals Energy demand of a mechanized unit for the implementation of common bean crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Wilson de A. Orlando Junior ◽  
Haroldo C. Fernandes ◽  
Paulo R. Forastiere ◽  
Tiago M. Guazzelli ◽  
Guilherme de M. Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fertilizer Placement ◽  
Placement Depth ◽  
Soil Fertilizer

ABSTRACT Adequate soil managements and use of agricultural machinery are essential for the economic viability of these practices and for the environmental preservation. In this context, sowing and fertilizer application practices are the most important activities, since they affect crop development and present high energy demand. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the energy demand of a tractor-planter-fertilizer unit for the sowing of common bean seeds in no-tillage system as a function of three soil water contents (28.7, 36.4, and 47.6%) and three soil fertilizer placement depths (0.06; 0.11 and 0.15 m). The final common bean grain yield was also evaluated. The lowest energy demand was found for the highest soil water content combined with the lowest soil fertilizer placement depth. The highest common bean grain yield was found for plants under soil water content of 36.4% and fertilizer placement depth of 0.11 m, reaching 4,186 kg ha-1.

scholarly journals Seed spacing variability reduces common bean yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Bortoluzi Bisognin ◽  
Osmar Henrique de Castro Pias ◽  
André Luis Vian ◽  
Claudir José Basso ◽  
Antônio Luis Santi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Seed Spacing ◽  
Bean Yield

ABSTRACT An uneven seed spacing in the sowing row increases the plants intraspecific competition for environmental resources, potentially lowering grain yields. This study aimed to assess the yield and yield components of common bean plants, as a function of coefficients of variation (0 %, 20 %, 40 % and 60 %) of seeds in the sowing row. The main yield components, plant traits and grain yield were evaluated. The yield component that best explains the seed spacing variability on grain yield is the number of grains per plant (r = 0.94). Grain yield declines linearly as the seed spacing variability increases: 81.5 kg ha-1 (4.4 %) for every 10 % increase in the coefficient of variation. Thus, a less longitudinal seed spacing variability contributes to achieving higher grain yields.

BIOLOGICAL N2 FIXATION AND MINERAL N IN COMMON BEAN–MAIZE INTERCROPPING OR SOLE CROPPING IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. B. N. CARDOSO ◽  
M. A. NOGUEIRA ◽  
S. M. G. FERRAZ
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Biological N2 Fixation ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Equivalent Yield

The aim of this work was to assess the effects of N levels and intercropping of two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) varieties (Carioca and Rio Tibagi) with maize (Zea mays) on accumulated N, grain yield and biomass of both crops, and nodulation of common bean inoculated or not with Rhizobium. Two field experiments were conducted simultaneously: common bean–maize intercropping and common bean in sole cropping. Intercropping increased common bean nodulation and biomass, mainly with Rhizobium, but mineral N was deleterious to nodulation. Inoculation also increased the Carioca cultivar yield most in sole cropping (+72%), but N levels did not affect common bean yield in either cultivar. Although intercropping reduced maize grain yield by 17%, the equivalent yield increased by 31%, whilst Rhizobium increased it by 11%. Despite the reduction of maize yield in intercropping, this system was shown to be more economically viable, in particular when common bean was inoculated with Rhizobium.

scholarly journals Nutrition, yield and nutrient export in common bean under zinc fertilization in no-till system

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Deckij Kachinski ◽  
Fabrício William Ávila ◽  
Marcelo Marques Lopes Muller ◽  
André Rodrigues dos Reis ◽  
Leandro Rampim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Export ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Export Rate ◽  
No Till ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Soil Zn

ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn) is one of the most deficient plant micronutrients in agricultural crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate plant nutrition, grain yield and nutrient export rate in response to soil and foliar Zn fertilization in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Two field experiments in no-till system were carried out using two common bean cultivars, BRS Esteio (black bean) and IPR Campos Gerais (Carioca bean). Treatments were composed of soil Zn application during sowing and foliar Zn spray at flowering stage. Soil Zn application had effect on leaf Zn concentration in IPR Campos Gerais and did not affect grain yield of both cultivars. Foliar Zn spray increased leaf Zn concentration by approximately two times in both cultivars, but negatively affected the grain yield in BRS Esteio. Leaf concentration of N, Ca and S were affected by soil Zn application and leaf concentration of Mn was affected by foliar Zn spray, while leaf concentration of P, K, Mg, Cu and Fe were not influenced by the soil and foliar Zn treatments. In treatments without Zn, the descending order of nutrient export rate from the experimental site was as follows: N > K > P > Ca ≈ S > Mg for macronutrients and Fe > Mn > Cu > Zn for micronutrients. Foliar Zn spray increased the export rate of Zn, P, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, Cu and Fe in IPR Campos Gerais, while soil Zn application resulted in higher export rate of P, K and Mn in BRS Esteio.

Assessing tillage- and cropping-induced changes in relative conductivity

Soil Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
V. Rasiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
No Till ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Surface Changes

Although changes in relative hydraulic conductivity(Krc) in the surface soil layer can have significantimpact on transport of water and solutes below this layer, experimentaldetermination of Krc is laborious and expensive. In thisstudy, a simple theoretical equation has been used to compute near-surfaceKrc and assess its sensitivity to tillage- andcropping-induced near-surface changes in soil porosity (.epsi;), porecontinuity (PC), and soil water content (θ). The data were collected in1994 from a cropping and tillage system experiment established in 1988 on asilt loam soil. The tillage treatments were conventional and no-till. Thecropping treatments were continuous corn (Zea maize L.)under conventional cultivation (CT corn), corn following forages(alfalfa,Medicago sativa L.; and bromegrass,Bromus inermis L.) under conventional and no-till (NTcorn) practices, and continuous no-till corn. Soil bulk density (r ) and inthe near surface (depth, 0-2 ·5 cm) soil layer were measured in lateJuly 1994 subsequent to changes in tillage and cropping practices in May 1994.Only tillage differences had significant influence on ρ, θ, fractaldimension (D), PC, and Krc of the near-surface soillayer. A switch from no-till forages to CT corn resulted in increases in andD, and decreases in ρ , θ, and Krc. Theintroduction of NT corn into forage-terminated plots did not producesignificant changes in the above properties compared with continuous NT corn(7 years old), which was characterised by smaller values of and PC, and highθ and Krc. Water content, , and PC accounted for96% of the variability in Krc. The results showedthat the near-surface changes in Krc can be predictedwith high accuracy using the data on only ρ and θ which are easy togather.

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