scholarly journals EROSIVE PROCESS CONTROL IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMIARID REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-703
Author(s):  
JÚLIO CÉSAR NEVES DOS SANTOS ◽  
EUNICE MAIA DE ANDRADE ◽  
HELBA ARAÚJO DE QUEIROZ PALÁCIO ◽  
JOSÉ RIBEIRO DE ARAÚJO NETO ◽  
JACQUES CARVALHO RIBEIRO FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Antecedent Soil Moisture ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Runoff Depth

ABSTRACT The adoption of measures to prevent and control erosive processes requires information about the factors affecting the erosion and the sediment transport conditions. However, the sediment yield of a basin depends on the availability of eroded material and the sediment transport capacity. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the factors that affect the sediment transport capacity at different spatial scales in an area with caatinga vegetation. The study was carried out in the Iguatu Experimental Basin, in the state of Ceará, Brazil, from 2009 to 2014, by monitoring two scale levels: watershed with 2.06 ha, and erosion plot with 20 m². The variables evaluated for the rainfall events were precipitation, intensity of rainfall, antecedent soil moisture, precipitation of the antecedent five days, consecutive dry days, peak flow, runoff depth, and sediment yield. During the study period, 263 rainfall events (>2 mm) and 86 events generating runoff were recorded. Three Principal Components (PC) were developed using the Principal Component Analysis, which explained more than 79% of the total variance. Variables connected to the kinetic energy capacity of the rainfall to disaggregate soil particles, the energy for sediment transport, and the soil water content were framed in the CP1, CP2, and CP3, respectively. In the evaluated scales, the sediment yield presented a high correlation with the runoff depth, which indicates limiting conditions for sediment yield by the mass flow energy.

scholarly journals Estimation of 1 km Grid-based WATEM/SEDEM Sediment Transport Capacity Using 1 Minute Rainfall Data and SWAT Semi-distributed Sediment Transport Capacity Results for Han River Basin of South Korea

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Gil Jung ◽  
Won-Jin Jang ◽  
Seongjoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
R Factor ◽  
Han River ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Han River Basin ◽  
Grid Based

Abstract. When assessing the total sediment yield of a watershed through sediment transport from soil erosion process, the ratio of sediment delivery is a critical and uncertain factor during modelling. This study is to estimate watershed scale sediment yield distribution of 1 km by 1 km spatial resolution with the evaluation of RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) rain erosivity (R factor) for 14 years (2000–2013) using 1 minute data from 16 rainfall gauging stations in Han River basin (34,148 km2) of South Korea. The WATEM/SEDEM sediment delivery algorithm based on RUSLE R, soil erodibility K, length-slope LS factors was adopted. The average R factor values of 1 minute for the basin were evaluated as 3,812 MJ/ha mm/year. To determine the 1 km grid-based KTC (transport capacity coefficient generally given as 100) for the WATEM/SEDEM sediment transport estimation, the SWAT (Soil Water Assessment Tool) MUSLE (Modified USLE) results from 181 sub-watersheds (from 50 km2 to 300 km2) were used. The SWAT simulated suspended solids versus observed ones at 7 locations showed average R2 (determination of coefficient) of 0.72. Using the SWAT sediment yields, the spatial KTC based on 60 minutes R factor was determined at each sub-watershed from 0.16 to 142.6 with average value of 12.7 for the whole basin.

Effect of stem basal cover on the sediment transport capacity of overland flows

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 384-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongli Mu ◽  
Xianju Yu ◽  
Suhua Fu ◽  
Bofu Yu ◽  
Yingna Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Basal Cover ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Overland Flows

scholarly journals Effect of hydraulic parameters on sediment transport capacity in overland flow over erodible beds

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ali ◽  
G. Sterk ◽  
M. Seeger ◽  
M. Boersema ◽  
P. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Stream Power ◽  
Unit Discharge ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Mean Flow Velocity

Abstract. Sediment transport is an important component of the soil erosion process, which depends on several hydraulic parameters like unit discharge, mean flow velocity, and slope gradient. In most of the previous studies, the impact of these hydraulic parameters on transport capacity was studied for non-erodible bed conditions. Hence, this study aimed to examine the influence of unit discharge, mean flow velocity and slope gradient on sediment transport capacity for erodible beds and also to investigate the relationship between transport capacity and composite force predictors, i.e. shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and effective stream power. In order to accomplish the objectives, experiments were carried out in a 3.0 m long and 0.5 m wide flume using four well sorted sands (0.230, 0.536, 0.719, 1.022 mm). Unit discharges ranging from 0.07 to 2.07 × 10−3 m2 s−1 were simulated inside the flume at four slopes (5.2, 8.7, 13.2 and 17.6%) to analyze their impact on sediment transport rate. The sediment transport rate measured at the bottom end of the flume by taking water and sediment samples was considered equal to sediment transport capacity, because the selected flume length of 3.0 m was found sufficient to reach the transport capacity. The experimental result reveals that the slope gradient has a stronger impact on transport capacity than unit discharge and mean flow velocity due to the fact that the tangential component of gravity force increases with slope gradient. Our results show that unit stream power is an optimal composite force predictor for estimating transport capacity. Stream power and effective stream power can also be successfully related to the transport capacity, however the relations are strongly dependent on grain size. Shear stress showed poor performance, because part of shear stress is dissipated by bed irregularities, bed form evolution and sediment detachment. An empirical transport capacity equation was derived, which illustrates that transport capacity can be predicted from median grain size, total discharge and slope gradient.

A Simplified Equation for Modeling Sediment Transport Capacity

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1545-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Finkner ◽  
M. A. Hearing ◽  
G. R. Foster ◽  
J. E. Gilley
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity

scholarly journals Sediment transport capacity of concentrated flows on steep loessial slope with erodible beds

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Xiao ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Puling Liu ◽  
Fenli Zheng ◽  
Jiaqiong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Erodible Beds

Impacts of subsurface hydrologic conditions on rill sediment transport capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 591 ◽  
pp. 125582
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Wang ◽  
Dennis C. Flanagan ◽  
Bernard A. Engel ◽  
Na Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Hydrologic Conditions
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