scholarly journals PRODUCTIVE VIABILITY AND PROFITABILITY OF CARROT-COWPEA INTERCROPPING USING DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF Calotropis procera

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Francisco Bezerra Neto ◽  
Maiele Leandro da Silva ◽  
Jailma Suerda Silva de Lima ◽  
Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior ◽  
Italo Nunes Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Alternative Farming ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT Intercropping system and the use of green manure with spontaneous species has been an alternative farming method applied to the productive sector of vegetables in the northeastern semi-arid region. The objective of this work was to determine which amount of Calotropis procera must be incorporated into the soil to provide the highest productive performance of the component crops and increase the profitability of the carrot and cowpea intercropping. The experimental design used was randomized complete blocks with five replicates. The treatments consisted of four amounts of C. procera incorporated into the soil: 10, 25, 40 and 55 t ha-1 on a dry basis. The characteristics evaluated in this intercropping system were: commercial productivity of carrot roots, yield of cowpea green grains, land equivalent ratios for component crops and for the intercropped system, score of the canonical variable of the association, and the economic indicators of gross income, net income, rate of return, and net profit margin. The maximum agronomic efficiency of the carrot x cowpea intercropping was reached at the land equivalent ratio of 1.12, using 43.39 t ha-1 of C. procera biomass incorporated in the soil, while the maximum economic efficiency of the carrot and cowpea crops association was obtained at the net income of R$ 17,856.43 ha-1, in the amount of 40.60 t ha-1 of C. procera biomass added to the soil.

scholarly journals AGRO-ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE INTERCROPPING OF CARROT X COWPEA-VEGETABLE UNDER DIFFERENT SPATIAL ARRANGEMENTS AND POPULATION DENSITIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-854
Author(s):  
GIORGIO MENDES RIBEIRO ◽  
FRANCISCO BEZERRA NETO ◽  
JAILMA SUERDA SILVA DE LIMA ◽  
MAIELE LEANDRO DA SILVA ◽  
AURÉLIO PAES BARROS JÚNIOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the agro-economic efficiency of the intercropping of carrot with cowpea-vegetable under different spatial arrangements and population densities in the semi-arid conditions of the Brazilian Northeast. The study was conducted at the "Rafael Fernandes" Experimental Farm of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA) during the period July 2013 to February 2014. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks with four replications and treatments arranged in a 3 × 4 factorial scheme, where the first factor consisted of spatial arrangements (2:2; 3:3 and 4:4) and the second factor by population densities of cowpea-vegetables (100, 80, 60 and 40% of the recommended population in sole crop [RPSC]). All treatments were fertilized with roostertree (Calotropis procera [Ait.] R.Br.), which is a spontaneous species of the Caatinga biome. The indices of agronomic efficiency of the intercropping systems assessed were: land equivalent ratio, productive efficiency index and score of the canonical variable. The following economic indicators were also evaluated: gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin. The agro-economic efficiency of the intercropping system of carrot with cowpea- vegetable was influenced by the spatial arrangements, with the 2:2 arrangements standing out from the others. The greatest agro-economic efficiency of the intercropping of carrot with cowpea-vegetable was obtained in the population density of 100% of the RPSC when the value of the productive efficiency index was 0.75.

scholarly journals Green manuring with Calotropis procera for the production of coriander in two growing seasons

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ênio Gomes Flôr Souza ◽  
Almir Rogerio Evangelista de Souza ◽  
Enielson Bezerra Soares ◽  
Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior ◽  
Lindomar Maria da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT The use of spontaneous species of the Caatinga biome can contribute significantly to the nutritional demand of vegetable crops, thereby providing an agroecological and sustainable form of production. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of different biomasses of Calotropis procera (rooster tree) and times of incorporation into the soil of green manure during two growing seasons on the agronomic performance of coriander cv. Verdão produced in Serra Talhada, a semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with the first factor consisting of biomass amounts of C. procera (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15.6 t ha-1 on a dry basis) and the second by the incorporation times into the soil (0, 10, 20 and 30 days before coriander planting). The evaluated characteristics were plant height, number of stems per plant, yield of green mass and dry mass of shoot. The best productive performance of coriander was observed in amounts of 12.2 (spring) and 8.8 (autumn-winter) t ha-1 C. procera added to the soil, with an ideal incorporation time of 13 (spring) and 23 (autumn-winter) days before sowing of the crop and with larger accumulations of green and dry mass of the shoot being obtained in autumn-winter.

scholarly journals TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE YIELD OF GREEN GRAINS OF COWPEA FERTILIZED WITH ROOSTERTREE

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 504-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLAVIANA DE ANDRADE VIEIRA ◽  
FRANCISCO BEZERRA NETO ◽  
MAIELE LEANDRO DA SILVA ◽  
JAILMA SUERDA SILVA DE LIMA ◽  
AURÉLIO PAES BARROS JÚNIOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the doses of maximum agronomic and economic efficiency as a function of different amounts of roostertree [Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br.] biomass added to the soil, that results in the maximum yield of green grains of cowpea in the semi-arid of Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. The experiment was conducted at the “Rafael Fernandes” Experimental Farm of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Alagoinha, RN, from August to November 2013. In the experiment was used a randomized completely block design with 5 replicates. The treatments consisted of 20, 35, 50, and 65 t ha-1 (on a dry matter basis) of roostertree biomass added to the soil. The evaluated characteristics were: number of green pods per m2, productivity and dry mass of green pods, number of green grains per pod, weight of 100 green grains, and dry mass of green grains. The following economic indicators were determined: gross and net incomes, production operational costs, rate of return, and profit margin. The maximum agronomic efficiency of the yield of cowpea green grain was reached at the yield of 3.05 t ha-1, using 61.0 t ha-1 of roostertree biomass in the soil. The maximum economic efficiency yielded a net income of R$ 8,701.42, at the production of 3.02 t ha-1 green grains with 53.57 t ha-1 of roostertree biomass added to the soil. The use of roostertree as a green manure presents technical-economic feasibility in cowpea cultivation for green grains in the semi-arid conditions of Rio Grande do Norte.

B. ANALISA KELAYAKAN BISNIS PADA UMKM (Study Kasus Pada Usaha Tempe Murni Ita)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Agus Jonikar Ndraha ◽  
Avan Joko Prasetyawan ◽  
Ida Kurnia Wati ◽  
Ilmia Cahyasari ◽  
Nafa Alya Shintya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Business Analysis ◽  
Gross Income

Abstrak Tahun demi tahun, persaingan bisnis tempe di wilayah Surabaya kian ketat. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah studi untuk mengkaji kelayakan bisnis tersebut. Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah Sebagai acuan untuk mengetahui semua biaya produksi, pendapatan kotor dan pendapatan bersih usaha tempe serta kelayakan usaha tempe di Surabaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di daerah Sukomanunggal dengan menggunakan metode surve. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Rata-rata biaya total sebesar Rp 2.144.590 yang dihasilkan dari penjumlahan biaya tetap rata-rata sebesar Rp 160.590 dengan biaya variabel rata-rata sebesar Rp 1.984.000. Laba bersih rata-rata sekitar Rp 955.410 dari pendapatan rata-rata sebesar Rp 3.100.000 dikurangi dengan semua pengeluaran Rp 2.144.590. Analisis kewajaran usaha adalah dengan menyusun pendapatan dan pengeluaran secara keseluruhan. Rata-rata semua pendapatan Rp 3.100.000 dan semua pengeluaran rata-rata sebesar Rp 2.144.590. Dengan rasio 1,45 usaha tempe murni ITA layak untuk dijalankan.  Kata Kunci : Biaya produksi, Pendapatan kotor, Pendapatan bersih, Kelayakan usaha   Abstract From year to year, Tempe business competition in the Surabaya area is getting tougher. Therefore a study is needed to study the feasibility of the business. The purpose of this paper is as a reference to find out all the production costs, gross income, and net income of tempe businesses and the feasibility of tempe businesses in Surabaya. The study was carried out in the Sukomanunggal area using a survey method. The results showed that: The average total cost of Rp 2,144,590 resulted from the sum of the average fixed costs of Rp 160,590 with an average variable cost of Rp 1,984,000. Net profit averaged around Rp. 955,410 from an average income of Rp. 3,100,000 minus all expenses of Rp. 2,144,590. The reasonableness of business analysis is to compile overall income and expenditure. The average income of all Rp 3,100,000 and all expenses averaged Rp 2,144,590. With a ratio of 1.45, pure ITA tempe business is feasible to run.  Keywords : Production costs, Gross income, Net income, Business feasibility

scholarly journals Productive performance and parasitological control of kids supplemented with umbu fruits (Spondias tuberosa Arruda)

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-528
Author(s):  
Thiago Vinicius Costa NASCIMENTO ◽  
Daniel Maia NOGUEIRA ◽  
Nilton de Brito CAVALCANTE
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Buffel Grass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Summary Native fruits from Caatinga vegetation can be an important alternative to improve the productive performance of kids in the semi-arid region of Brazil. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with Umbuzeiro fruits in natura over the weight gain and anthelmintic control of kids kept in Buffel grass pasture in the semi-arid zone of Pernambuco, Brazil. Twenty-four castrated, crossbreed kids were allocated into three treatments: 1) Control (n = 8) fed exclusively with Buffel grass; 2) Umbu 1x (n = 8) fed with fruits once a week and 3) Umbu 3x (n = 8) fed with fruits for three times a week. The following parameters were evaluated: variation of body weight, faecal egg counts (FEC) and coproculture. Overall, the average consumption of Umbu fruits in natura was 1.48 kg/animal/day, which corresponded to 133.5 g daily dry matter intake (DMI/animal/day). There were no significant difference (P>0.05) for any parameters evaluated. During the experimental period, the overall daily weight gain was variable between 108.75 to 116.70 g/animal/day and the average FEC was 436 eggs. In the present study, the goat kids supplemented with fresh umbu fruits showed a good productive performance, however the supplementation with umbu did not control the infestation of gastrointestinal nematodes in kids.

scholarly journals Efficiency of nitrogen use by sesame genotypes under brazilian semi-arid conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37013
Author(s):  
Manoel Galdino Dos Santos ◽  
Rayanne Maria Paula Ribeiro ◽  
Hamurábi Anizio Lins ◽  
Giordanio Bruno Silva Oliveira ◽  
José Ricardo Tavares de Alburquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Sesame Genotypes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Semi Arid

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and rate applications can influence the performance of sesame, and when applied in excess can cause nitrogen loss in the environment, and consequently make the cost of production more costly to the producer. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of nitrogen use by different cultivars of irrigated sesame seeds under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the northeastern semi-arid region in two harvests. The experiments were carried out from February to May (1st harvest) and from July to October (2nd harvest) in 2016. The treatments were arranged in a split plot scheme, in which the plots were the five nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1), and in the subplots, the four sesame genotypes (CNPA G2, CNPA G3, CNPA G4 and BRS Seda), the design was in randomized complete blocks with four replications. The nitrogen use efficiency assessments evaluated were: agronomic efficiency (AE), physiological efficiency (PE), agrophysiological efficiency (APE), recovery efficiency (RE) and efficiency of use (EU). The rate that provided the greatest efficiency of use was 30 kg ha-1 of N applied. The cultivar BRS Seda had greater efficiency of use in relation to the other cultivars studied. The crop that had better efficiency of use was the 2nd agricultural harvest.

scholarly journals Costs and Returns Structure in Bottle Gourd on the Contract Vis-a-Vis Non-Contract Farms in the Jaipur District of Rajasthan

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Singh Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Income Family ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
Business Income ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Farm Business

The present investigation was undertaken with a view to studying the costs and returns structure by the contract and non-contract farmers under contract farming of bottle gourd. Primary data were collected for the agricultural year 2015-16. The cost concepts were used. The results of the study revealed that all types of incomes viz., gross income, family labour income, farm business income and net income were higher on the contract farms than on the non-contract farms. The net income per hectare from bottle gourd was 31.69 per cent higher on the contract farms as compared to the non-contract farms. The total costs were higher on contract farms than on non-contract farms. The net profit was higher on contract farms than on non-contract farms. Returns per rupee were higher on contract farms (` 1.82) than non-contract farms (`1.69).

scholarly journals COMBINATIONS OF CORIANDER AND SALAD ROCKET CULTIVARS IN BICROPPING SYSTEMS INTERCROPPED WITH CARROT CULTIVARS

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSIMAR NOGUEORA DA SILVA ◽  
◽  
FRANCISCO BEZERRA NETO ◽  
JAILMA SUERDA SILVA DE LIMA ◽  
GARDÊNIA SILVANA DE OLIVEIRA RODRIGUES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canonical Variable ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
Shoot Mass

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate combinations of coriander and salad rocket cultivars in bicropping systems intercropped with carrot cultivars in strips under the conditions of Mossoró-RN. The work was conducted at the Experimental Farm Rafael Fernandes from July to December 2014. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications and treatments arranged in a factorial design with additional treatments of type 2 x 2 x 2 + 2. The treatments consisted of the combinations of two coriander cultivars (Verdão and Português) and two rocket cultivars (Cultivada and Folha Larga), intercropped with two carrot cultivars (Brasília and Esplanada) plus two additional treatments, where the first are the cultivars in monocropping and the second the types of cropping (single and intercropped). We evaluated fresh and dry shoot mass in coriander and rocket and fresh and dry shoot mass as well as dry root mass, commercial and total root productivity, and classified root productivity in carrot. In the intercropping systems we evaluated land equivalent ratio, productive efficiency index, and score of the canonical variable, besides the indicators of economic efficiency (gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin). Highest agroeconomic efficiency in intercropping systems was achieved with the combination of the coriander cultivar 'Verdão' and the rocket cultivars 'Folha Larga' or 'Cultivada' as well as the carrot cultivars 'Brasília' or 'Esplanada'. Regardless of the tested cultivar combinations, systems with coriander and salad rocket intercropped with carrot showed higher efficiency than monocropping systems.

scholarly journals Agro-economic profitability of sweet potato cultivars as a function of the harvest age and times of cultivation in the semi-arid

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque ◽  
Manoel Galdino Dos Santos ◽  
Rayanne Maria Paula Ribeiro ◽  
Hugo Ferreira ◽  
Ênio Gomes Flôr Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The objective of this work was to evaluate the profitability of sweet potato cultivars, harvested at different ages and cultivated in different periods (rainy and dry) in the municipality of Mossoró, semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications and treatments arranged in split plots scheme. The plots were composed of three sweet potato cultivars (ESAM 1, Paraná and Mother of Family) and the subplots for five harvest ages (90 , 105, 120, 135 and 150 days after transplanting - DAT). Productivity of commercial roots and production costs was evaluated, as well as the economic indicators: gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin. Independently of the growing periods, the productivity of commercial roots increased with the later harvest of the crop and differentiated the cultivars. Production costs averaged R$ 6,087.97 ha-1 in the rainy season and R$ 6,181.42 ha-1 in the dry period. Labor expenditures were the most impacting of total expenditures. The cultivars ESAM 1 and Paraná presented higher productivities of commercial roots and profitability when cultivated in the rainy season, while Paraná cultivar was superior to the other cultivars in the crop in the dry season. In both growing periods, the harvest age of 150 DAT promoted higher productivities of commercial roots and profitability to sweet potato production.

C. PENDAMPINGAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN MELALUI STUDI KELAYAKAN BISNIS PADA UMKM Q8 COFFEE SHOP

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Ahmad Faisal Fadoli ◽  
Lailatul Lutfiah ◽  
Miftachul Jannah ◽  
Risca Fitriatul Annisa ◽  
Gitta Cayani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Coffee Shop ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Business Analysis ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Abstrak   Dari tahun ke tahun ,persaingan bisnis kopi di wilayah Jawa Timur sangatlah banyak sekali . Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah studi untuk menelaah tentang kelayakan bisnis tersebut. Tujuan dari makalah ini ialah sebagai acuan untuk mengetahui semua biaya produksi , pendapatan kotor dan pendapatan bersih terhadap UMKM Q8 coffee shop serta kelayakan usaha coffee di Sidoarjo ini .Penelitian dilaksanakan di daerah Tropodo Wetan, Kabupaten Sidoarjo dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi .Q8 cofee shop merupakan cafe yang sudah berdiri sejak tahun 2017, mampu bersaing dengan bisnis bisnis lainnya di wilayah sidoarjo surabaya dan sekitarnya.Sangat tidak rugi apabila anda berkunjung untuk ngopi atau membeli makan di café ini karena harga nya sangat terjangkau dan banyak varian makanan serta minuman yang dijual di tempat ini . Ada juga varian kopi disini seperti kopi classic ,vietnam drip arabica ,expresso dan masih banyak lagi tepatnya tempat nonkrong yang asyik , nyaman full wifi..Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Rata-rata total sebesar Rp 2.129.500.00 yang dihasilkan dari penjumlahan biaya tetap rata-rata sebesar Rp 1.000.000.00 dengan biaya variabel rata-rata sebesar Rp1.000.000.00  .Laba bersih rata-rata sekitar Rp 2.138.000.00 dikurangi dengan semua pengeluaran Rp 427.500.00 . Analisis kewajaran usaha adalah dengan menyusun pendapatan dan pengeluaran secara keseluruhan. Rata-rata semua pendapatan Rp2.138.000.00  dan semua pengeluaran rata-rata sebesar Rp 427.500.00 . Dengan rasio 80 % usaha Q8 Coffee Shop layak untuk dikembangkan .Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pangsa pasar agar bisa meningkatkan profit penjualan pada UMKM Q8 coffee shop.   Kata Kunci : Kelayakan usaha, Aspek pasar kelayakan bisnis     Abstract   From year to year, the coffee business competition in the East Java region is very much. Therefore we need a study to examine the feasibility of the business. The purpose of this paper is as a reference to find out all the production costs, gross income and net income of the Q8 UMKM coffee shop and the feasibility of this coffee business in Sidoarjo.The study was conducted in the Tropodo Wetan area, Sidoarjo Regency using the method of observation, interviews and documentation.Q8 cofee shop is a cafe that has been established since 2017, able to compete with other business businesses in the Sidoarjo region of Surabaya and surrounding areas. Very no loss if you visit for coffee or buy food at this café because the price is very affordable and many variants of food and drinks are sold in this place. There are also variants of coffee here such as classic coffee, Vietnam drip arabica, expresso and many more precisely nonkrong places that are fun, comfortable full wifi.The results showed that: The average total of Rp 2,129,500.00 resulting from the sum of the average fixed costs of Rp 1,000,000,00  with an average variable cost of Rp 1,000,000,00. The average net profit was around Rp 2,138,000.00 deducting all expenses of Rp 427,500.00. The reasonableness of business analysis is to compile overall income and expenditure. The average of all income is Rp. 2,138,000.00 and all expenses are an average of Rp. 427,500.00. With a ratio of 91% the Q8 Coffee Shop business is worth developing. This is done to determine market share in order to increase sales profit on the Q8 UMKM coffee shop .   Keywords: Business feasibility, Market aspects of business feasibility

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