scholarly journals Agro-economic profitability of sweet potato cultivars as a function of the harvest age and times of cultivation in the semi-arid

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque ◽  
Manoel Galdino Dos Santos ◽  
Rayanne Maria Paula Ribeiro ◽  
Hugo Ferreira ◽  
Ênio Gomes Flôr Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The objective of this work was to evaluate the profitability of sweet potato cultivars, harvested at different ages and cultivated in different periods (rainy and dry) in the municipality of Mossoró, semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications and treatments arranged in split plots scheme. The plots were composed of three sweet potato cultivars (ESAM 1, Paraná and Mother of Family) and the subplots for five harvest ages (90 , 105, 120, 135 and 150 days after transplanting - DAT). Productivity of commercial roots and production costs was evaluated, as well as the economic indicators: gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin. Independently of the growing periods, the productivity of commercial roots increased with the later harvest of the crop and differentiated the cultivars. Production costs averaged R$ 6,087.97 ha-1 in the rainy season and R$ 6,181.42 ha-1 in the dry period. Labor expenditures were the most impacting of total expenditures. The cultivars ESAM 1 and Paraná presented higher productivities of commercial roots and profitability when cultivated in the rainy season, while Paraná cultivar was superior to the other cultivars in the crop in the dry season. In both growing periods, the harvest age of 150 DAT promoted higher productivities of commercial roots and profitability to sweet potato production.

scholarly journals EFICIÊNCIA FOTOQUÍMICA EM CLADÓDIOS DE PALMA FORRAGEIRA ‘GIGANTE’ CULTIVADA SOB DIFERENTES ESPAÇAMENTOS E ADUBAÇÃO MINERAL

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Cleiton Fernando Barbosa Brito ◽  
Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues Donato ◽  
Alessandro De Magalhães Arantes ◽  
João Abel Da Silva ◽  
Paulo Emílio Rodrigues Donato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Cam Plants ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

A associação de fatores no sistema solo-água-planta-atmosfera, como adubação, espaçamento entre plantas e disponibilidade hídrica, pode influenciar a atividade fisiológica em palma forrageira nas condições adversas do semiárido. Assim, objetivou-se determinar a eficiência fotoquímica em cladódios de palma forrageira ‘Gigante’ cultivada sob diferentes espaçamentos e adubação mineral em região semiárida, no período seco e chuvoso. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 4 x 3 x 7, com três repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído de quatro adubações (000-000-000; 000-150-000; 200-150-000 e 200-150-100 kg ha-1 de N-P2O5-K2O), o segundo, por três espaçamentos (1,0 x 0,5; 2,0 x 0,25 e 3,0 x 1,0 x 0,25 m) e o terceiro por sete horários de leitura (6; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16 e 18 h). Foram realizadas leituras de fluorescência da clorofila “a” em cladódios de palma forrageira nas épocas seca e chuvosa com auxílio de um fluorômetro de luz modulada. Verificou-se ajustes cúbicos para as variáveis de fluorescência da clorofila “a” ao longo dia com magnitude de respostas diferenciadas nos períodos seco e chuvoso. Os cladódios de palma forrageira ‘Gigante’ sofrem alterações no fotossistema II na época seca nas condições fisiográficas do semiárido baiano e na época de chuvas o rendimento fotossintético em cladódios de palma forrageira é considerado ideal com variações ao longo do dia. Palavras-chave: arranjo de plantas; Opuntia; plantas CAM.   Photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacing and mineral fertilization   ABSTRACT: The association of factors in the soil-water-plant-atmosphere system, such as fertilization, spacing between plants and water availability, can influence the physiological activity in cactus pear in the adverse conditions of the semiarid. Thus, the objective was to determine the photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacing and mineral fertilization in the semi-arid region, in the dry and rainy season. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a 4 x 3 x 7 factorial scheme with three replicates. The first factor consisted of four fertilizations (000-000-000, 000-150-000, 200-150-000 and 200-150-100 kg ha-1 of N-P2O5-K2O), the second one, by three fertilizations (1.0 x 0.5, 2.0 x 0.25 and 3.0 x 1.0 x 0.25 m) and the third by seven reading times (6 a.m., 8 a.m., 10 a.m., 12 p.m., 2 p.m., 4 p.m. and 6 p.m). Fluorite readings of “a” chlorophyll were carried out in forage palm cladodes in the dry and rainy seasons with the help of a light modulated fluorometer. Cubic adjustments wereobserved for the fluorescence variables of “a” chlorophyll along day with magnitude of differentiated responses in dry and rainy periods. The cladodes of ‘Giant’ cactus pear alterations suffer in photosystem II in the dry season in the physiographic conditions of the Bahia semi-arid and in the rainy season the photosynthetic yield in cladodes of forage palm is considered ideal with variations along the day. Keywords: arrangement of plants; Opuntia; CAM plants.

scholarly journals Planting density and initial growth of two tree species adapted to the semi-arid region

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 951-960
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio Lima e Silva ◽  
Alexandre Emanuel Régis Holanda ◽  
Haroldo Nogueira de Paiva ◽  
Fábio Henrique Tavares de Oliveira ◽  
Odaci Fernandes de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
One Year

Planting densities influence several aspects of forest formation, including management practices, timber yield, quality, and extraction, and consequently its production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate Mimosa caesalpiinifolia and Gliricidia sepium growth as a function of planting density (400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 plants ha-1) and plant age. The species were evaluated every 90 days for plant height (PH), crown diameter (CD) and root collar diameter (RCD) (10 cm above the ground), with the first evaluation performed at 90 days and the last at 720 days. When plants were one year of age and beyond, evaluations were conducted also for stem diameter at breast height (DBH) (1.30 m above the ground). A randomized block design with split-plots and three replicates was adopted. Species were assigned to plots, planting densities were assigned to subplots, and evaluation ages were assigned to subsubplots. The four traits in both species had their values decreased as planting density increased, but continually increased as plant age increased. For PH and RCD there was an alternation between species superiority, with gliricidia being superior to sabiá at some ages, while the opposite occurred at other ages. As to CD the species only differed in the last measurement, gliricidia being superior. With regard to DBH, gliricidia was superior starting from the second measurement. There was an effect of the species × ages interaction for the four traits and also an effect of the densities × ages interaction for CD and DBH.

Feasibility of Non-irrigated Soybean (Glycine max) Production in the Semi-arid Central Great Plains

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail A. Wicks ◽  
Robert N. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
The United States ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
No Till ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

We conducted research to determine if soybeans can be grown successfully in a no-till environment, in the semi-arid areas of the central Great Plains near North Platte, NE. Soybeans planted no-till into winter wheat stubble that was sprayed with glyphosate yielded more than when planted into soil that was rototilled in a winter wheat-soybean-fallow rotation. However, grain yield averaged only 420 kg ha-1during 1975, 1976, and 1977. No-till soybean grown in a winter wheat-grain sorghum-soybean rotation during 1982 through 1985 yielded an average of 1370 kg ha-1. Low yields were associated with lack of precipitation during the fallow period after winter wheat harvest or grain sorghum harvest and during the soybean pod elongation and filling period. Several herbicides gave excellent weed control in soybeans when applied either after wheat harvest, early preplant, or at planting time. None of the herbicides persisted long enough to reduce grain yields of winter wheat planted into the soybean residue. With present production costs these nonirrigated rotations are not economical in the semi-arid region of the central Great Plains of the United States.

scholarly journals Nutrient support via fertigation with domestic effluent and growth of cotton

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Francisco Gonçalo Filho ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
Cleyton dos Santos Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Nildo da Silva Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Domestic Effluent ◽  
Semi Arid

Because of climatic problems in the Brazilian semi-arid region, it is of fundamental importance to seek a culture that considers water scarcity and available natural resources. Thus, a randomized block design, with subdivided plots and six replications, was carried out in the experimental area of the treatment and wastewater reuse station of the Milagres Settlement, Apodi, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating cultivation of herbaceous cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum) fertigated with domestic sewage treated in a semi-arid environment. Two cultivation cycles were carried out, and the cotton plants were fed with three different solutions containing treated domestic sewage (TDE) plus supply water (PSW), to supply the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) (100% PSW – control, 50% PSW + 50% TDE and 100% TDE), with and without phosphate fertilization in pre-planting. The contribution of nutrients to the soil and plant growth were analyzed. The results indicated that the wastewater presents potential fertilizer, reaching to the soil amounts of some nutrients exceeding the cotton’s needs, when 100% of the ETc was supplied via fertigation with domestic effluent, resulting in an increase in the growth rates of the plants. There was no interaction between the percentages of wastewater and phosphate fertilization in pre-planting. Phosphorus alone promoted significant variation only in the first cycle, indicating that there is a residual fertigation effect with domestic effluent on the nutrient supply.

EFICIÊNCIA DE BIOESTIMULANTES E FUNGICIDA NOS CARACTERES AGRONÔMICOS E ECONÔMICOS NA CULTURA DO MILHO VERDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
RICARDO FRANCISCHINI ◽  
ALESSANDRO GUERRA DA SILVA ◽  
DAURI JOSÉ TESSMANN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Presence And Absence

 RESUMO - O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico e econômico na cultura do milho verde submetida ao uso de bioestimulantes na presença e ausência de fungicida. Dessa forma, dois experimentos foram conduzidos em anos distintos, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, em arranjo fatorial 4x2. O primeiro fator correspondeu à combinação de bioestimulantes (Ausência, MC Cream, MC Extra, MC Cream+MC Extra) e o segundo fator à presença e ausência de fungicida (piraclostrobina + epoxiconazole). Foi avaliado o peso de espigas verdes, a altura de plantas, diâmetro de colmo, teor de clorofila e severidade de doenças, além da viabilidade econômica dos tratamentos. Os Bioestimulantes, na ausência de fungicida, foram eficientes para aumentar o peso das espigas verdes, altura de plantas, e o teor de clorofila. Na presença do fungicida os bioestimulantes aumentaram o diâmetro de colmo e reduziram a severidade de doenças. Os investimentos em insumos elevaram os custos de produção, porém a rentabilidade foi compensada pelo aumento da renda bruta. Em situação de baixa disponibilidade hídrica, o bioestimulante MC Extra foi o mais viável economicamente para a cultura do milho verde.Palavras-chave: fitossanidade, produtividade, renda líquida, Zea mays L. EFFICIENCY OF BIOSTIMULANTS AND FUNGICIDE IN THE AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERS OF GREEN CORN  ABSTRACT – The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic and economic performance of the green corn crop, subjected to the use of biostimulants in the presence and absence of fungicide. Two experiments were conducted in different years using a randomized block design with three replications, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement. The first factor corresponded to the combination of biostimulants (Absence, MC Cream, MC Extra, MC Cream + MC Extra) and the second factor was the presence and absence of fungicide (pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole). Green ear weight, plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content and severity of diseases were evaluated, as well as the economic viability of the treatments.In the absence of fungicide, biostimulants were efficient to increase the green ear weight, plant height, and chlorophyll content. In the presence of the fungicide, biostimulants increased stem diameter and reduced disease severity. Investments in inputs increased production costs, but profitability was offset by the increase in gross income. In a situation of low water availability, the biostimulant MC Extra was the most economically viable for the green maize crop.Keywords: plant health, productivity, net income, Zea mays L.

scholarly journals Sustainable agriculture: the use of FAMACHA method in Santa Ines sheep in the Semi-arid region of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3Supl1) ◽  
pp. 1647-1662
Author(s):  
Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽  
◽  
Hermano Manoel Francisco Figueiredo Bezerra ◽  
Roberto Alves Bezerra ◽  
Maysa Oliveira Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Clinical Problems ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Semi Arid

Sheep farming is of great importance in generating income to smallholders in semi-arid areas worldwide. Gastrointestinal helminths cause important damage to the animals with poor welfare conditions, impacting in local economies. The objective of this work was to evaluate the FAMACHA method (FMC) in a herd of 60 Santa Inês from Paraíba, Brazil, and to compare the data from previous production years. In order to determine anemic sheep, FMC chart was used in biweekly evaluations for 12 months by trained personnel. Blood and fecal samples were collected monthly to determine packed cell volume (PCV), and parasite fecal egg count (FEC), respectively. The animals were divided into: dry, pregnant and lactating ewes, lambs and rams. Haemonchus was the predominant helminth genus (94.7%) during the whole year. There were up to 97% of success on the interpretation of FMC with 90 to 100% efficacy in the treatment decision. Among the 1356 evaluations, in only 40 (3%) were required deworming, being 27 during the rainy season and 13 during the long dry season. A statistically significant correlation (P < 0.01) was observed between FEC and PCV for the dry, lactating, and pregnant categories. The data reports a 94% reduction in deworming, with a greater need for anthelmintic use in lambs and lactating ewes (P < 0.05). Our data validates the use of FMC in Santa Inês sheep, which is considered a local resilient breed in the semi-arid region of Brazil. We recommend that animals should be examined during the rainy season to prevent most of the clinical problems.

scholarly journals A probabilistic model for predicting seasonal rainfall in semi-arid lands of northeast Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
B. B. da Silva ◽  
C. C. Braga ◽  
S. G. L. Montenegro ◽  
V. d. P. R. da Silva ◽  
L. M. M. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Model ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Homogeneous Area ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. In most of the northeast region of Brazil rainfall is relatively low, presenting significant inter-annual fluctuations, especially when compared to rainfall in other areas of Brazil. Moreover, evaporative rates (like the ones found in the northeast semi-arid region) are too high, sometimes reaching over 2800 mm annually. Owing to such a climate character, very large areas in northeast Brazil are subjected to recurrent droughts. This paper presents a methodology for the prediction of seasonal rainfall in semi-arid lands of northeast Brazil. A total of 72 raingauge stations of Paraiba State, and 84 in Ceará State were employed, all of them distributed in three and seven homogeneous areas, respectively. A rainy season with different subdivisions was established for each homogeneous area. The zi proportions – the ratio between the cumulative rainfall of the first rainy season period and the rain that falls during the whole rainy season were made to fit the Beta probabilistic model used for calculating the second and eighth deciles and the probability of rainfall above the average rainfall for the second period of the rainy season. The performance of the prognostic model for individual stations of Paraíba State in the period 1996–2000 was evaluated. In the period 1996 to 2000, with rainfall above average, the error was less than 20 %. The methodology adopted proved very accurate for forecasting droughts in northeast Brazil.

scholarly journals Response of Rapes (Brassica napus L.) to Nano- Iron Fertilization under semi-arid Region conditions

Bionatura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamiaa A. Mutlag ◽  
Nagam A. Meshaimsh ◽  
Hasan H. Mahdi ◽  
Raghad S. Mouhamad ◽  
Hasan H. Khamat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The field experiment was conducted in the season of 2017-2018 at the Agricultural Research Department-AL-Azafrinih/Baghdad-Iraq. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding the Foliar Fe fertilization (Nano-Fe) and ground fertilization of (N, P) in the growth and production yield of rapes (Brassica napus L.). The experiment included three levels of foliar fertilization (Nano-Fe) that is (0, 5, 10 Kg. ha-1) and one level of ground fertilization (N 100 Kg. ha-1, P 250 Kg. ha-1). The experiment designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications each parameter. The studied traits were nutrients content (macro-micro) in seeds and soil, the percentage of protein, oil, and carbohydrate. All data were analyzed and used statistically. Results showed a significant difference between Nano-Fe fertilization and nutrient content (N, Mn, K, Ca, Mg, S, and Cu), pH in soil at the level of 10 kg. ha-1, compared to no-fertilization. Moreover, the significant difference between Nano-Fe fertilization, yield (1425.6 kg. ha-1), the percentage of oil (52.16%), protein content in seeds (46.5%), carbohydrate (26.8%), Nutrient content N and P in seeds at the level of 10 kg. ha-1, compared to no-fertilization and the nutrient content (Ca, Mg, Fe) in seeds at levelof5 kg. ha-1, compared to no-fertilization. Current results suggested that Nano-Fe fertilization at the level of 10 kg. ha-1 can be adopted as the best level for rapes (Brassica napus L.) cultivation under semi-arid conditions.

scholarly journals Analysis of Feasibility and factors Affecting Production of Sweet Potato Farming On Coastal Land in Gadingsari Village, Sanden, Bantul

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 02050
Author(s):  
Francy Risvansuna Fivintari ◽  
Apriliani Zulhijjah ◽  
Fitriyah Awaliyah
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Production Function Approach ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Coastal Land

Sweet potato is a type of secondary crop that is widely cultivated by farmers. The problem often faced by farmers is crop failure caused by pests, diseases and drought. This study aims to descriptively analyze costs, income, net income, profits, and analyze the factors that affect the production of sweet potato farming on the coastal land of Gadingsari Village, Sanden District, Bantul. This study uses primary data from 120 farmers taken at random. Data were obtained by means of interviews through questionnaires. Analysis of costs, income and feasibility using a quantitative approach and analysis of the factors that affect the production of sweet potato on coastal land using the Cobb-Douglass production function approach. The results showed that sweet potato farming in Gadingsari Village was profitable with an income of Rp 2,247,361. Sweet potato farming is feasible to run based on R/C, working economy and working capital. Based on the results of Cobb Douglas analysis, seed, K fertilizer, and labor factors have a significant effect on sweet potato production in coastal land.

scholarly journals Social and Productive Indicators of Forage Palm and the Survival of Livestock Activity in the Semi-arid Region of Northeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hermes Alves de Almeida ◽  
Elthon Rondinelli de Almeida Soares ◽  
José Antonio dos Santos Neto ◽  
Ivandro de Oliveira Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Statistical Distributions ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
The One ◽  
Semi Arid

The importance of the cultivation of forage palm (Opuntia fícus indica Mill) for the agriculturalists of the semi-arid region of Northeast of Brazil, in particular the one of the State of Paraiba, is due to its adaptability to the environmental conditions, especially, in the dry period, since it is the only alternative to feed the herd in most of the localities of this region. The plague of carmine cochineal (Dactylopius opuntiae) has been decimating the planting of this important forage in the intermediate geographic region of Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil. In view of this, it was necessary to carry out a quantitative and/or qualitative diagnosis of the areas cultivated with the traditional palm (giant cultivar) and its revitalization, with the introduction of new varieties resistant to this pest, in four localities of this region, these determinations being the main objectives. The territorial cut included about fifty farms in the four localities, being geo referenced using GPS and satellite imagery from Google Earth. The diagnosis consisted of the application of structured and semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and in loco observations. Data analyzes were performed using statistical distributions of measures of central, dispersion and frequency trends. The main results indicated that forage palm in the semi-arid state of Paraiba, Brazil, is the main or only source of food for ruminants. Carmine cochineal (Dactylopius opuntiae) decimated traditional palm varieties and the only alternative was to discard part of the herd and reduce livestock activity. The levels of infestation of carmine cochineal and destruction of palms are of the order of 90%. The program of revitalization of traditional palm cultivation by clams resistant to carmine cochineal has been the alternative for the continuity of livestock activity in this region, although there is a contribution of drought.

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