scholarly journals RAINFALL REGIME ON FINE ROOT GROWTH IN A SEASONALLY DRY TROPICAL FOREST

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-469
Author(s):  
EUNICE MAIA DE ANDRADE ◽  
GILBERTO QUEVEDO ROSA ◽  
ALDENIA MENDES MASCENA DE ALMEIDA ◽  
ANTONIO GIVANILSON RODRIGUES DA SILVA ◽  
MARIA GINA TORRES SENA
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Fine Root Length ◽  
Fine Root Growth

ABSTRACT Seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) usually present dry seasons of eight or more months. Considering the concerns about the resilience of SDTF to climate changes, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rainfall regime on fine root growth in a SDTF. The experiment started at the end of the wet season (July 2015), when fine roots were evaluated and ingrowth cores were implemented. The temporal growth of fine roots in the 0-30 cm soil layer was monitored, considering the 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm sublayers, through six samplings from November 2015 to July 2017. The characteristics evaluated were fine root biomass, fine root length, fine root specific length, and fine root mean diameter. The significances of the root growths over time and space were tested by the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). Fine roots (Ø<2 mm) were separated and dried in an oven (65 °C) until constant weight. The root length was determined using the Giaroots software. The fine root biomass in July 2015 was 7.7±5.0 Mg ha-1 and the length was 5.0±3.2 km m-2. Fine root growth in SDTF is strongly limited by dry periods, occurring decreases in biomass and length of fine roots in all layers evaluated. Fine root growth occurs predominantly in rainy seasons, with fast response of the root system to rainfall events, mainly in root length.

scholarly journals Quantity and distribution of fine root biomass in the intermediate stage of beech virgin forest Badínsky prales

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jaloviar ◽  
L. Bakošová ◽  
S. Kucbel ◽  
J. Vencurik
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Virgin Forest ◽  
Fine Root Length

The fine root biomass represents 3,372 kg/ha in the intermediate stage of the beech virgin forest with different admixture of goat willow, where the vast majority of this biomass is located in the uppermost mineral soil layer 0–10 cm. The variability of the fine root biomass calculated from 35 sample points represents approximately 90% of the mean value and reaches the highest value within the humus layer. The total fine root length investigated in 10 cm thick soil layers decreases with increasing soil depth. A significant linear relationship between the fine root length (calculated per 1 cm thick soil layer and 1 m<sup>2</sup> of stand area) and the soil depth was confirmed, although the correlation is rather weak. The number of root tips decreases with increasing soil depth faster than the root length. As the number of tips per 1 cm of root length remains in the finest diameter class without significant changes, the reason is above all a decreased proportion of the finest root class (diameter up to 0.5 mm) from the total fine root length within the particular soil layer.

scholarly journals Remarkable Similarity in Timing of Absorptive Fine-Root Production Across 11 Diverse Temperate Tree Species in a Common Garden

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Withington ◽  
Marc Goebel ◽  
Bartosz Bułaj ◽  
Jacek Oleksyn ◽  
Peter B. Reich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Temperate Trees ◽  
Fine Root Length ◽  
Fine Root Growth ◽  
Average Rainfall

Long-term minirhizotron observations of absorptive fine roots provide insights into seasonal patterns of belowground root production and carbon dynamics. Our objective was to compare root dynamics over time across mature individuals of 11 temperate trees species: five evergreen and six deciduous. We analyzed the timing and growth on 1st-and 2nd-order roots in minirhizotron images down to a vertical depth of 35 cm, as well as monthly and total annual length production. Production patterns were related to total annual precipitation of the actual and previous year of root production over 6 years. The main or largest peak of annual fine-root production occurred between June and September for almost all species and years. In most years, when peaks occurred, the timing of peak root production was synchronized across all species. A linear mixed model revealed significant differences in monthly fine-root length production across species in certain years (species x year, P &lt; 0.0001), which was strongly influenced by three tree species. Total annual root production was much higher in 2000–2002, when there was above-average rainfall in the previous year, compared with production in 2005–2007, which followed years of lower-than-average rainfall (2003–2006). Compared to the wetter period all species experienced a decline of at least 75% in annual production in the drier years. Total annual root length production was more strongly associated with previous year’s (P &lt; 0.001) compared with the actual year’s precipitation (P = 0.003). Remarkably similar timing of monthly absorptive fine-root growth can occur across multiple species of diverse phylogeny and leaf habit in a given year, suggesting a strong influence of extrinsic factors on absorptive fine-root growth. The influence of previous year precipitation on annual absorptive fine-root growth underscores the importance of legacy effects in biological responses and suggests that a growth response of temperate trees to extreme precipitation or drought events can be exacerbated across years.

The dynamics of fine root length, biomass, and nitrogen content in two northern hardwood ecosystems

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2507-2520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Hendrick ◽  
Kurt S. Pregitzer
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Total N ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Fine Root Length

The dynamics of fine (<2.0 mm) roots were measured in two sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.) dominated ecosystems (northern and southern sites) during 1989 and 1990 using a combination of minirhizotrons and destructive harvests of fine root biomass and N content. Greater than 50% of annual length production occurred before midsummer in both ecosystems, while the period of greatest mortality was from late summer through winter. About one third of annual fine root production and mortality occur simultaneously, with little observable change in total root length pools. Using fine root length dynamics to derive biomass production and mortality, we calculated annual biomass production values of approximately 8000 and 7300 kg•ha−1•year−1, respectively, at the southern and northern sites. Corresponding biomass mortality (i.e., turnover) values were 6700 and 4800 kg•ha−1•year−1, and total nitrogen returns to the soil from fine root mortality were 72 kg•ha−1•year−1 at the southern site and 54 kg•ha−1•year−1 at the northern site. Fine roots dominated total biomass and N litter inputs to the soil in both ecosystems, accounting for over 55% of total biomass and nearly 50% of total N returns. In both ecosystems, roots <0.5 mm comprised the bulk of fine root biomass and N pools, and the contribution of these roots to northern hardwood ecosystem carbon and nitrogen budgets may have been underestimated in the past.

Fine root biomass and nutrient content in a black spruce peat soil with and without alder

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Bhatti ◽  
N. W. Foster ◽  
P. W. Hazlett
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Boreal Peatlands ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship

Vertical distribution of fine root biomass and nutrient content was examined within a black spruce (Picea mariana) stand growing on a boreal peat soil in northeastern Ontario. The influence of site physical and chemical properties on fine root biomass production was assessed. More then 80% of the fine roots were present in moss plus the top 10 cm of peat where nutrients and aeration are most favourable. The fine root biomass (W/V) was significantly higher with alder (5.9 kg m−3) (Alnus rugosa) as understory vegetation compared to non-alder locations (2.9 kg m−3). Total nutrient content in fine roots was 54, 3.2, 5.4, 63 and 5.7 kg ha−1 on the alder site and 20, 1.4, 2.3, 28 and 4.2 kg ha−1 of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg on the non-alder site, respectively. The mass (W/V) of nutrients in fine roots was strongly dependent upon the availability of nutrients in the peat. Fine root content had a strong positive relationship with peat available P and exchangeable K contents suggesting that P and K may be limiting nutrients for black spruce in this peat soil. Key words: Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boreal peatlands, aeration, water table

scholarly journals Effects of warming and fertilization interacting with intraspecific competition on fine root traits of Picea asperata

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan-Dan Li ◽  
Hong-Wei Nan ◽  
Chun-Zhang Zhao ◽  
Chun-Ying Yin ◽  
Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Picea Asperata

Abstract Aims Competition, temperature, and nutrient are the most important determinants of tree growth in the cold climate on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Although many studies have reported their individual effects on tree growth, little is known about how the interactions of competition with fertilization and temperature affect root growth. We aim to test whether climate warming and fertilization promote competition and to explore the functional strategies of Picea asperata in response to the interactions of these factors. Methods We conducted a paired experiment including competition and non-competition treatments under elevated temperature (ET) and fertilization. We measured root traits, including the root tip number over the root surface (RTRS), the root branching events over the root surface (RBRS), the specific root length (SRL), the specific root area (SRA), the total fine root length and area (RL and RA), the root tips (RT) and root branching events (RB). These root traits are considered to be indicators of plant resource uptake capacity and root growth. The root biomass and the nutrient concentrations in the roots were also determined. Important Findings The results indicated that ET, fertilization and competition individually enhanced the nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) concentrations in fine roots, but they did not affect fine root biomass or root traits, including RL, RT, RA and RB. However, both temperature and fertilization, as well as their interaction, interacting with competition increased RL, RA, RT, RB, and nutrient uptake. In addition, the SRL, SRA, RTRS and RBRS decreased under fertilization, the interaction between temperature and competition decreased SRL and SRA, while the other parameters were not affected by temperature or competition. These results indicate that Picea asperata maintains a conservative nutrient strategy in response to competition, climate warming, fertilization, and their interactions. Our results improve our understanding of the physiological and ecological adaptability of trees to global change.

scholarly journals Effect of Altitude on Nutrient Concentration, Nutrient Stock and Uptake in Fine Root of Sal (Shorea Robusta Gaertn.) Forest in Terai and Hill Areas of Eastern Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Bhattarai ◽  
Tej Narayan Mandal ◽  
Tilak Prasad Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Nutrient Stock ◽  
Sal Forest

The present study was conducted to understand the effect of altitude on the nutrient concentration, nutrient stock, and uptake in the fine root of the Terai Sal forest (TSF) and Hill Sal forest (HSF) in eastern Nepal. Annual mean fine root biomass in 0-30 cm soil depth was found higher in HSF (6.27 Mg ha-1) than TSF (5.05 Mg ha-1). Conversely, fine root production was higher in TSF (4.8 Mg ha-1 y-1) than HSF (4.12 Mg ha-1 y-1). Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in fine roots were slightly higher in TSF than HSF. Nutrient concentration in fine roots of smaller size (<2 mm diameter) was nearly 1.2 times greater than that of larger size (2–5 mm diameter) in both forests. In HSF total stock of different nutrients (kg ha-1) in fine root was 55.62 N, 4.99 P, and 20.15 K whereas, these values were 49.49 N, 4.14 P, and 19.27 K only in TSF. However, total nutrient uptake (kg ha-1y-1) by fine root (both size classes) was greater in TSF (48.5 N, 4.3 P, and 18.6 K) than HSF (36.9 N, 3.3 P, and 13.5 K). The variability in fine root nutrient dynamics between these two forests was explained by the differences in fine root biomass and production which were influenced by the combined effect of varied altitude and season. The fine root, as being a greater source of organic matter, the information on its nutrient dynamics is inevitable for the management of soil nutrients in the forest ecosystem.

Fine root growth dynamics in teak (Tectonagrandis Linn. F.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1360-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Srivastava ◽  
K. P. Singh ◽  
R. S. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Root Dynamics

Temporal variations in the spatial distribution of fine root mass were studied in a 19-year-old teak plantation in a dry tropical region. The soil block method was used to investigate fine root dynamics. Quantification of fine root mass was achieved in terms of live teak roots (separated by diameter), dead teak roots, teak root bark, herb roots, and fragmented soil organic matter. The annual mean fine root biomass was 5420 kg•ha−1 and the net production was 5460 kg•ha−1•year−1. The bulk of the root mass was distributed at a depth of 10–30 cm and roots ≤2 mm constituted one-half or more of the total root biomass. Maximum live root growth occurred during the rainy season. All root sizes showed similar bimodal seasonal patterns, but the maximum:minimum ratio generally declined with greater root size.

scholarly journals How thinning in a seasonally dry tropical forest contributes towards root biomass, carbon stock and aggregate size in a Vertisol

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Maia Andrade ◽  
Deodato Nascimento Aquino ◽  
Mirian Cristina Gomes Costa ◽  
Carlos Levi Anastacio Santos ◽  
Aldênia Mendes Mascena Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Total Soil

Forest management activities influence fine root development, total soil carbon (TSC) and size of aggregates. A field experiment was carried out in Vertisols of two adjacent catchments in a seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) to investigate the thinning on fine-root biomass, stock of the total soil carbon and aggregate size. The catchments are located in the State of Ceará, Brazil. The control catchment of 2.1 ha has been under regenerating vegetation for 35 years (RC35), while the second catchment (1.1 ha) was subjected to thinning (TC5) in December of 2008. The analysed variables were: fine-root biomass in the 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers, TSC and mean weight diameter of the soil aggregates in the 0-20, 20-40 e 40-60 cm layers. The data were submitted to Pearson correlation analysis and compared by paired t-test (P < 0.05). The 0-10 cm layer of the TC5 management stored double the average amount of fine-roots found in the RC35. Under the TC5 management, stocks of soil TSC increased by 237 and 151% in the 20-40 and 40-60 cm layers, respectively, when compared with RC35. Aggregates 2.15 times greater than those found under RC35 management were obtained in the topsoil (0-20 cm) under the TC5 management. The implementation of thinning in a Vertisol of a SDTF emerges as an alternative management to be considered in projects for sustainability in the semi-arid region, contributing to an improvement in soil structure as well as an increase in the stocks of total carbon.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document