WEED PHYTOSOCIOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION IN VINEYARDS IN THE SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER VALLEY

ABSTRACT Information on the different species that compose a weed community is essential for plant protection managements in production systems, which should include not only flora identification and diversity assessments, but morphological and ecophysiological aspects that can to show the potential effect of the agrosystem and guide the conduction of weed control strategies. Therefore, the objective of this work was to conduct a floristic and phytosociological surveying to identify the grouping patterns of weed populations in vineyards in the Petrolina-Juazeiro irrigated perimeter, in the Sub-Mid São Francisco River Valley, Brazil. The absolute and relative values of weed frequency, density, abundance, importance value index, population distribution level, and similarity between areas were evaluated in five properties. A high diversity of species of the families Poaceae, Malvaceae, and Asteraceae were found. The most important species found were Commelina benghalensis, Euphorbia hirta, and Cyperus aggregatus. The distribution of populations was mainly in aggregate and highly aggregate forms.

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EFICIÊNCIA DO USO DA ÁGUA EM VIDEIRA ‘SYRAH’ IRRIGADA NO SUBMÉDIO DO VALE SÃO FRANCISCO1

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2016v21n2p269-283 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 269 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vágna Da Costa Pereira ◽

Gilberto Chohaku Sediyama ◽

Magna Soelma Beserra De Moura ◽

Thieres George Freire Da Silva ◽

Luciana Sandra Bastos De Souza

Keyword(s):

Reference Evapotranspiration ◽

Bowen Ratio ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

River Valley ◽

Ratio Method ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Sao Francisco River ◽

São Francisco River ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Monteith Equation

EFICIÊNCIA DO USO DA ÁGUA EM VIDEIRA ‘SYRAH’ IRRIGADA NO SUBMÉDIO DO VALE SÃO FRANCISCO1 VÁGNA DA COSTA PEREIRA1; GILBERTO CHOHAKU SEDIYAMA2; MAGNA SOELMA BESERRA DE MOURA3; THIERES GEORGE FREIRE DA SILVA4 E LUCIANA SANDRA BASTOS DE SOUZA51Resultado da Dissertação de Mestrado do primeiro autor2Doutoranda em Meteorologia Agrícola – Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola – Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Campus Viçosa – 36570-900 – Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil, [email protected]. Titular – Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola – Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Campus Viçosa – 36570-900 – Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil, [email protected] – Núcleo Temático de Recursos Naturais – Embrapa Semiárido – 56302-970 – Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil, [email protected]. Adjunto – Departamento de Ciências Agrárias – Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada – 56909-535 – Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brasil, [email protected]. Assistente – Departamento de Ciências Agrárias – Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada – 56909-535 – Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brasil, [email protected] 1 RESUMO O estudo teve como objetivo estimar a eficiência do uso da água (EUA) na videira ‘Syrah’ irrigada no Submédio do Vale São Francisco, com base no rendimento em função da evapotranspiração da cultura e da transpiração máxima. Para isso, a evapotranspiração da cultura foi determinada pelo balanço de energia com base no método da razão de Bowen (ETcBERB), enquanto a transpiração máxima (TR) foi estimada pelo modelo de Penman-Monteith modificado com base no índice de área foliar da cultura. Os dados micrometeorológicos foram monitorados durante um ciclo produtivo por meio de uma estação automática localizada no parreiral. A evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) também foi calculada ao longo do experimento, pelo método de Penman-Monteith parametrizado no boletim 56 da FAO. A ETo e a ETcBERB corresponderam ao valor total de 474,0 e 376,4 mm ciclo-1, com valor médio diário de 3,9 e 3,1 mm, respectivamente. A TR oscilou entre 3,5 e 0,9 mm d-1, com volume total durante o ciclo de 284,4 mm. A EUA, com base no total de água consumida e transpirada, foi de 1,17 kg m-3 e 1,55 kg m-3, respectivamente. O método do BERB e o modelo de Penman-Monteith modificado para plantas isoladas apresentaram resultados confiáveis para estimativa da EUA sob as condições climáticas da região do Submédio do Vale São Francisco. No entanto, torna-se necessário que novos estudos nesse sentido com a cultura da videira para produção de vinhos sejam realizados, principalmente nesta região Semiárida, onde a maioria das pesquisas voltadas para o manejo do vinhedo ainda estão em desenvolvimento. Palavras-chave: semiárido, evapotranspiração, razão de Bowen, transpiração máxima PEREIRA, V. C.; SEDIYAMA, G. C.; MOURA, M. S. B.; SILVA, T. G. F.; SOUZA, L. S. B.WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN IRRIGATED "SYRAH'' GRAPE PLANTATION AT SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER VALLEY 2 ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the water use efficiency (WUE) in irrigated ‘Syrah’ grapevine plantation at São Francisco River valley, on the basis of yields as a function of crop evapotranspiration and maximum transpiration. To this end, the crop evapotranspiration was determined by energy balance based on the Bowen ratio method (ETcBERB), while the maximum transpiration (TR) was estimated by the modified Penman-Monteith equation based on the crop leaf area index. The micrometeorological data within the vineyard canopy were monitored using an automatic micrometeorological station, during a productive cycle. The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was also calculated during that period using the FAO parameterized Penman-Monteith equation. The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and the crop evapotranspiration determined by BREB method (ETcBERB), during the crop cycle, were 474.0 and 376.4 mm cycle-1, respectively, with a daily average of 3.9 and 3.1 mm. The TR rate ranged between 3.5 and 0.9 mm d-1, with total volume during 284.4 mm cycle -1. The WUE, on the basis of the total water consumed and transpiration, was 1.17 kg m-3 and 1.55 kg m-3, respectively. The BERB method and the Penman-Monteith model modified to isolated plants showed reliable results to estimate the WUE under the climatic conditions of São Francisco River valley. However, new studies on grape culture for wine production are necessary, especially in this semiarid region, where most researches focused on the vineyard management are still in development. Keywords: Bowen ratio. Evapotranspiration. Maximum transpiration. Semiarid.

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MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE RESPONSES OF SUNFLOWER VARIETIES TO IRRIGATION

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252018v31n117rc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 143-150

Author(s):

WELSON LIMA SIMÕES ◽

MARCOS ANTONIO DRUMOND ◽

ANDERSON RAMOS DE OLIVEIRA ◽

SÉRGIO LUIZ GONÇALVES ◽

MIGUEL JULIO MACHADO GUIMARÃES

Keyword(s):

Flowering Time ◽

Plant Height ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

River Valley ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Local Climate ◽

Sao Francisco River ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

São Francisco River

ABSTRACT The high luminosity rates and high annual average temperatures of the Brazilian semiarid region, combined with the use of irrigation and adaptability of the sunflower crop to local climate, favor increased achene yield due to acceleration of morphophysiological processes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphophysiological and productive characteristics of sunflower varieties grown under drip irrigation in the Sub-Mid São Francisco River Valley. The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Field of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Semiarid), in Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, Brazil, in a randomized block design, with 21 sunflower varieties and four replications. The variables evaluated were flowering time, plant height, number of live leaves, stem and capitulum diameter, number of lodged and broken plants, stem curvature, relative chlorophyll index, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, average leaf temperature, 1000-achene weight and achene yield of the sunflower varieties. The treatments presented flowering time of 43 to 59 days after sowing, plant height of 1.0 to 1.4 m, capitulum diameter of 0.154 to 0.221 m, chlorophyll content of 30.8 to 33.98 Spad units and 1000-achene weight of 35.61 to 80.30 g. The sunflower varieties V7 and V8 stood out, with achene yields above 2,960 kg ha-1 and low number of lodged and broken plants, indicating a greater adaptability irrigation crops in the Sub-Mid São Francisco River Valley.

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Effect of the Plastic Cover on the Productivity and Profitability of Vineyard in the São Francisco River Valley, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia ◽

10.1590/0102-7786351008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 81-88

Author(s):

Pedro V. de Azevedo ◽

Carlos A.C. dos Santos ◽

Paulo C. da S. Lima ◽

Mário de M.V.B. Ramos Leitão ◽

Gertrudes M. de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

River Valley ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Grape Variety ◽

Total Revenue ◽

Radiative Fluxes ◽

Sao Francisco River ◽

Lower Productivity ◽

São Francisco River ◽

Abstract Data

Abstract Data from field experiments conducted in vineyards table grape variety of Festival in Petrolina-PE, from October/2009 to November/2010, were used to evaluate the influence of the plastic cover on productivity and economic profitability of the viticulture in the São Francisco River Valley. Three treatments were studied: uncovered canopy (UC), plastic cover placed at 50 cm above the canopy (PC50), and a plastic cover placed at 100 cm above the canopy (PC100). The results indicated that the increased supply of radiative fluxes at the height of the berries in the treatment PC100 contributed to higher productivity, while treatment PC50 had the lowest offer of irradiative fluxes at the height of berries and much lower productivity. The yield obtained in the treatment PC100 exceeded 11 t ha-1 and 12.3 t ha-1 to those of treatments at UC and PC50, respectively. Treatment PC100 also had the lowest amounts of defects of berries, which contributed to higher total revenue. By contrast, treatment PC50 had markedly lower productivity, which represented considerable economic losses.

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OCORRÊNCIA DE PLANTAS DANINHAS NA CULTURA DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI SOB QUATRO MANEJOS NA AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v8i3.8949 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 427-435

Author(s):

Davair Lopes Teixeira Junior ◽

José Maria Arcanjo Alves ◽

José Anchieta Alves Albuquerque ◽

Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Rocha ◽

Thais Santiago Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Weed Management ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Natural Vegetation ◽

Importance Value Index ◽

Importance Value ◽

No Till ◽

Before And After ◽

Herbicide Glyphosate

Sistemas de manejos das plantas daninhas, utilizando diferentes estratégias de controle, podem alterar a dinâmica populacional das plantas e favorecer o controle de algumas espécies. Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar a ocorrência de plantas daninhas antes e após cultivo de feijão-caupi, em plantio direto, sob quatro formas de manejo da vegetação natural (sem roçada, com roçada, uso de fogo e dessecação com glyphosate) em área da savana Amazônica no estado de Roraima. As avaliações foram realizadas mediante a aplicação do método do quadrado inventário. As plantas daninhas situadas nas áreas amostradas foram cortadas rente ao solo, identificadas e quantificadas. Os parâmetros fitossociológicos analisados foram: frequência relativa, densidade relativa, abundância relativa, índice de valor de importância e índice de similaridade. As principais famílias identificadas foram Cyperaceae, Poaceae e Fabaceae. As formas de manejo da vegetação natural da savana de Roraima para o cultivo do feijão-caupi favoreceram a emergência de 10 espécies de um total de 29. O manejo com o herbicida glyphosate proporcionou o desenvolvimento das espécies Digitaria insularis e Hynchelitrum repens e o controle de 12 espécies, entre elas o Trachypogon plumosus, importante forrageira da região em estudo. O manejo da vegetação natural com o fogo favoreceu o surgimento da espécie Desmodium tortuosum. O manejo com glyphosate promoveu alterações na comunidade infestante de plantas daninhas, nesse foi observado os menores índices de similaridade entre os sistemas de manejo avaliados.Palavras-chave: fitossociologia; Vigna unguiculata; vegetação natural; manejo com fogo. OCCURRENCE OF WEEDS IN COWPEA CULTURE UNDER FOUR HANDLES IN THE WESTERN AMAZON ABSTRACT: Weed management systems, using different control strategies, can change the population dynamics of plants and favor the control of some species.The objective of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of weeds before and after cowpea cultivation under no-tillage under four forms of natural vegetation management (no-till, no-till, use of fire and glyphosate desiccation) in an area of savannah of Roraima. Evaluations were performed by applying the inventory square method. Weeds located in the sampled areas were sectioned close to the ground, identified and quantified. The phytosociological parameters analyzed were: relative frequency, relative density, relative abundance, importance value index and similarity index. The main families identified were Cyperaceae, Poaceae and Fabaceae. The management of the natural vegetation of the Roraima savanna for cowpea cultivation favored the emergence of 10 species out of 29. Management with the herbicide glyphosate provided the appearance of the species Digitaria insularis and Hynchelitrum repens and the control of 12 species, including the Trachypogon plumosus, an important savanna forage. The management of natural vegetation with fire favored the emergence of the species Desmodium tortuosum. Glyphosate management caused changes in the weed community, which showed the lowest similarity indexes between the evaluated management systems.Keywords: phytosociology; Vigna unguiculata; natural vegetation; fire management.

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Population distribution and habitat analysis of Rufous treepie (Dendrocitta vagabunda) in Abbottabad, Pakistan

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.247018 ◽

2023 ◽

Vol 83 ◽

Author(s):

R. A. Khan ◽

Z. Ullah ◽

I. Uz Zaman ◽

M. S. Khan ◽

S. Mahmood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Distribution ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Importance Value Index ◽

Importance Value ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Point Count ◽

Habitat Analysis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Point Count Method ◽

Order Passeriformes

Abstract The Rufous treepie (Dendrocitta vagabunda) belongs to family corvidae, order Passeriformes which includes about 100 species. The current study was conducted to gather information about the Population distribution and habitat analysis of D. vagabunda at District Abbottabad, Pakistan. The data were collected on monthly basis both morning and evening times (2018-2019). “The ‘’Point count Method” was used for population estimation and ‘’Quadrates Method” for habitat analysis of study area. The result shows an average month-wise population density of D. vagabunda was maximum at Jhangra 0.14±0.039/ha, whereas minimum at Havelian 0.11±0.022/ha. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) among monthly population densities of D. vagabunda, however, a significant difference (p<0.05) was found between morning and evening times population of the specie. The present study revealed that importance value index (IVI) of plants species at Sherwan, Bakot, Havelian, Langra and Jhangra were 59.6±12.6, 50.1±6.9, 53.4±6.3, 66.8±10 and 60.1±7.7. Likewise, the frequency of shrubs at Sherwan, Bakot, Havelian, Langra and Jhangra were 33.3±4.2, 45±9.4, 46.7±8.2, 55.6±22.2 and 37.5±8.5. Similarly, the frequency of herbs at Sherwan, Bakot, Havelian, Langra and Jhangra were 40.4±6.0, 37.5±5.6, 53.3±7.4, 48.5±5.2 and 46.9±7.4 respectively. Our results show the study area as suitable habitat for D. vagabunda.

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Gas exchanges of melon under water stress in the Submedium region of the São Francisco River Valley

Acta Scientiarum Agronomy ◽

10.4025/actasciagron.v41i1.42686 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 42686 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Vieira Amorim ◽

Alessandro Carlos Mesquita ◽

Lígia Borges Marinho ◽

Vanuza De Souza ◽

Saulo De Tarso Aidar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

River Valley ◽

Sao Francisco River ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

São Francisco River ◽

Current Scenario

The current scenario of increased water scarcity is due to climate change and directly affects food production. It is thus necessary to develop strategies to mitigate the impacts of low water availability. Therefore, the goal of the present study is to evaluate the physiological behaviour of melon cultivars under water stress. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment in the experimental Submedium region of the São Francisco River Valley in the period ranging from October to December. In this study, we used the melon cultivars 'Amarelo' and 'Piel de Sapo'. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replicates that were subdivided into plots, where the plots were comprised of four irrigation rates (50, 75, 100, and 125% of crop evapotranspiration – CET), subplots were comprised of the two melon cultivars, and sub-subplots were comprised of samplings for physiological analyses (15, 30, and 45 days after transplanting). The parameters evaluated were stomatal conductance, transpiration, net photosynthesis, relationship CI/CA, and accumulated dry matter. Water stress reduced the stomatal conductance, transpiration, net photosynthesis, CI/CA, and accumulated dry matter. 'Piel de Sapo' showed a higher photosynthetic adjustment than 'Amarelo' melon due to the gas exchange behaviour of the former, and it was, therefore, more tolerant to water stress.

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Composiçäo florística e estrutura fitossociológica da floresta tropical ombrófila da encosta Atlântica no município de Morretes, Estado do Paraná

Acta Biológica Paranaense ◽

10.5380/abpr.v23i0.705 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fernando Cardoso da Silva

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forest ◽

Frequency Analysis ◽

Vegetation Structure ◽

The State ◽

Importance Value Index ◽

Importance Value ◽

Important Species ◽

Point Center ◽

South Brazil ◽

Phytosociological Study

A presente tese tem como objetivo principal, efetuar levantamonto quantitativo de espécies arbóreas e estabelecer análise da estrutura fitossociológica da floresta tropical ombrófila da encosta Atlântica, desenvolvida no período do novembro de 1983 a fevereiro do 1985. A área estudada localiza-se no Município de Morretes, Estado do Paraná, ao Parque Estadual do Marumbi e apresenta as seguintes coordenadas: 25°30s o 48°38w de Gr.; clima do tipo Cfa, de acordo corn a classificacão climdtica de Koeppen e corn altitude de 485 m. Foi aplicado o método de quadrantes de levantamento, segundo Cottam & Curtis (1956), em árvores corn circunferência no mínimo de 15 cm, sendo alocados 80 pontos de amostragem com distância de 10 rn entre si, compreendendo 70 táxons, 55 gêneros e 31 famílias. Para análise da estrutura da vegetacão, considerou-se os parâmetros de densidade, freqüência, dominância e o índice de valor de importância. Revelando que as famílias mais importantes são as seguintes: Myrtaceae, Rubiaceae, Moraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae e Nyctaginaceae. Quanto a densidade e freqüência apresentam-se corn destaque as seguintes espécies. Guapira opposta, Mollinedia sp (2,), Hieronyma alchornneoides, Bathysa meridionalis, Psychotria suturella e Alsophyla sp.. Em dominância surgern as seguintes espécies: Ficus organensis, Guapira opposita, Hieronyma alchorneoides, Cabralea canjerana, Mollinedia sp (2) e Bathysa meridionalis. No indice de valor de importância estão emi destaque as mesmas espécies referentes a dominância. Apresentam 75,34% do conjunto do IVI 28,60% das espécies amostradas. Demonstrou-se a tendência da floresta em apresentar três estratos: o inferior, o médio e o superior. Para rnelhor compreensão da estrutura diamétrica forarn consideradas classes de diâmetro, com amplitude de 5 cm, foram cotejadas vegetacão de diferentes áreas da floresta Atlântica e de Araucária com a área estudada, com base nos critérios de clima, espécies, gêneros e famílias comuns, bem como, de espécies rnais importantes e de fitomassa. Abstract A phytosociological study of Atlantic hillsides ombrofila tropical forest (25°30S latitude, 48°38 W, longitude, 485 m altitude), in the State Park of Marumbi, Morretes, Paraná, south Brazil, from November 1983 trough February 1985. The climate was classified as Koeppens Cfa. The samples were taken by the point-center quater method (Cottam & Curtis, 1956). Only trees with diameter equal to or greater than 4.8 cm were considered. In the 80 points (each as far as 10 m from the next), 70 species of trees (belonging to 55 genera and 31 families) were sampled. The vegetation structure analyses was based on density, frequency, dominance and importance value index (IVI) parameters. The most important families were Myrtaceae, Rubiaceae, Moraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae and Nyetaginaceae. Density and frequency analysis shows some prominent species, the most important being: Guapira opposita, Mollinedia sp (2) Hieronyma alchorneoides, Bathysa meridionalis, Psychotria suturella and Alsophyla sp. Ficus organensis, Guapira opposita, Hieronyma alchorneoides, Cabralea canjerana, Mollinedia sp. (2) and Bathysa meridionalls are dominants. 28.6% of species sampled inclued 75.9 % of all IVI values. The forest appears to be stratified into lower, middle and upper layers. The diameters were distributed into 5 cm amplitude size classes. The vegetation of the study site was compared with those of other areas in "Atlantic" and "Araucaria" forests in terms of climate, species, genera and families composition, as well as the most important species and phytomass.

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