scholarly journals SOIL ATTRIBUTES UNDER DIFFERENT WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF RICE PADDIES IN THE AMAZONIAN SAVANNA OF BRAZIL1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-649
Author(s):  
ARIANE EVALD ◽  
VALDINAR FERREIRA MELO ◽  
PAULO ROBERTO RIBEIRO ROCHA ◽  
ANTÔNIO CARLOS CENTENO CORDEIRO ◽  
SONICLEY DA SILVA MAIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Continuous Flooding ◽  
C Stock

ABSTRACT The rational use of water while considering the increases in food production is a great challenge for agriculture currently. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the soil properties of rice paddy areas under different water management systems. For this, the rice cultivars BRS Tropical and IRGA 424 were grown under the following treatments: M1: Intermittent flooding; M2: Intermittent flooding, followed by continuous flooding; M3: Continuous flooding, followed by intermittent flooding; and M4: Continuous flooding for the entire plant cycle. As a control, a non-cultivated area, adjacent to the experimental plots was also evaluated. The variables analyzed were P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+ contents, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) Carbon Stock (C-Stock), nitrogen stock (N-Stock), Cation-exchange capacity (CEC), C/N ratio; CO2 emission, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMB), metabolic coefficient (qMic) and acid phosphatase and urease activities. There was not difference among the different water management systems for P, K+, Mg2+, CEC and C/N ratio. The SMB and the acid phosphatase and urease activities were lower under the different treatments when compared to the control. The CO2 emission under rice paddy system was influenced by the phenological phase of the crop. The variables SOC, C-Stock, SMB, C/N ratio, K+, acid phosphatase and usease activities are those most sensitive attributes observed in the soil under different water management systems during rice cultivation. Water management in the rice paddy system influenced soil by changing its quality.

Soil micro-arthropod communities and microbial parameters in the potato ridge under two field management systems on sandy loams in Atlantic Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Carter ◽  
C. Noronha
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Soil Microbial

Intensive forms of soil management occur in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production systems, but little is known about the influence of such practices on soil biological properties. Microbial biomass C, phosphatase activity, and the abundance (number), richness (family groups), and diversity of soil micro-arthropods (Collembola and mites) were compared in conventional and adjacent integrated pest management (IPM) systems of 3-yr potato rotations, established on fine sandy loams in Prince Edward Island, Atlantic Canada. The study was conducted at two sites over a 2-yr period. Soil microbial parameters were generally similar between management systems. Management differences showed some effect on micro-arthropod abundance and richness in three of the eight comparisons. Under optimum soil-water conditions, both Collembola and mite communities increased over the growing season regardless of management system. Key words: Soil management for potato, Collembola, mites, soil microbial biomass carbon, acid phosphatase, integrated pest management

scholarly journals Chemical and biological attributes of a lowland soil affected by land leveling

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1489-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Maria Barbat Parfitt ◽  
Luís Carlos Timm ◽  
Klaus Reichardt ◽  
Luiz Fernando Spinelli Pinto ◽  
Eloy Antonio Pauletto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Land Leveling ◽  
Biological Attributes ◽  
Chemical Attributes

The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between soil chemical and biological attributes and the magnitude of cuts and fills after the land leveling process of a lowland soil. Soil samples were collected from the 0 - 0.20 m layer, before and after leveling, on a 100 point grid established in the experimental area, to evaluate chemical attributes and soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC). Leveling operations altered the magnitude of soil chemical and biological attributes. Values of Ca, Mg, S, cation exchange capacity, Mn, P, Zn, and soil organic matter (SOM) decreased in the soil profile, whereas Al, K, and MBC increased after leveling. Land leveling decreased in 20% SOM average content in the 0 - 0.20 m layer. The great majority of the chemical attributes did not show relations between their values and the magnitude of cuts and fills. The relation was quadratic for SOM, P, and total N, and was linear for K, showing a positive slope and indicating increase in the magnitude of these attributes in cut areas and stability in fill areas. The relationships between these chemical attributes and the magnitude of cuts and fills indicate that the land leveling map may be a useful tool for degraded soil recuperation through amendments and organic fertilizers.

scholarly journals Biological Quality Indicators of a Haplortox Soil Under Different Management Systems in Southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Macarius Cesar Di Lauro Moreira ◽  
Deonir Secco ◽  
Luiz Antônio Zanão Júnior ◽  
Luciene Kazue Tokura ◽  
Araceli Ciotti de Marins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Avena Strigosa

The research was looking for the quick response of soil's microbiota to soil changes caused by management systems, changes to which biological indicators of soil quality are sensitive. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the impacts of seven soil management systems, including in on hand covers of Pennisetum glaucum (PG), Avena strigosa (AS), Stizolobium aterrimum (SA), EF Pisum sativum (PS) + Avena strigosa (AS), and on the other hand, No soil tillage with gypsum application (NTSG), No soil tillage with scarification (NTSS) and No soil tillage (NTS), on soil quality bioindicators. The bioindicators recorded from top soil samples were collected from the first 10 cm at pre-planting, at pre-flowering and at post-harvest of the soybean, from July 2014 to March 2015 were Total organic carbon (TOC), Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), Soil basal respiration, Respiratory coefficient (qCO2), Microbial coefficient (qMIC), and its relationship with soybean yields. The seven treatments were arranged in the field according to a completely randomized experimental, Analysis of variance (Anova) for each of the bioindicators and comparison of treatment mean values using Tukey test at 5% probability were carried out. SA, the AS+PS consortium and the no-tillage system led to significant improvement of the biological attributes of the soil. The management systems did not change the yield of soybean grain.

scholarly journals Temporal and Local Heterogeneities of Water Table Depth under Different Agricultural Water Management Conditions

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2148
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Lafond ◽  
Silvio J. Gumiere ◽  
Virginie Vanlandeghem ◽  
Jacques Gallichand ◽  
Alain N. Rousseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Good Drainage

Integrated water management has become a priority for cropping systems where subirrigation is possible. Compared to conventional sprinkler irrigation, the controlling water table can lead to a substantial increase in yield and water use efficiency with less pumping energy requirements. Knowing the spatiotemporal distribution of water table depth (WTD) and soil properties should help perform intelligent, integrated water management. Observation wells were installed in cranberry fields with different water management systems: Bottom, with good drainage and controlled WTD management; Surface, with good drainage and sprinkler irrigation management; Natural, without drainage, or with imperfectly drained and conventional sprinkler irrigation. During the 2017–2020 growing seasons, WTD was monitored on an hourly basis, while precipitation was measured at each site. Multi-frequential periodogram analysis revealed a dominant periodic component of 40 days each year in WTD fluctuations for the Bottom and Surface systems; for the Natural system, periodicity was heterogeneous and ranged from 2 to 6 weeks. Temporal cross correlations with precipitation show that for almost all the sites, there is a 3 to 9 h lag before WTD rises; one exception is a subirrigation site. These results indicate that automatic water table management based on continuously updated knowledge could contribute to integrated water management systems, by using precipitation-based models to predict WTD.

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