scholarly journals Studies of genetic variability, quantitative, and qualitative traits of Lilium cultivars (Lilium x hybrida) under shade net in North-West Himalayan region of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-677
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Singh ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Hitesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
North West ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bud Initiation

Abstract An experiment was conducted to study genetic variability and performance of nine exotic lilium cultivars (Lilium x hybrida) for suitability for commercial cultivation in North Western hilly regions of Uttarakhand at Research Station and KVK, Lohaghat, GBPUA&T, Pantnagar, Champawat, Uttarakhand India. Bulbs of nine lilium hybrid cultivars viz., Acapulco (Pink), Sorbonne (White), Yelloween (Yellow), Tresor (Orange), Brindisi (Pink), Blackout (Red), Pavia (Yellow), Ercolano (White) and Samur (Pink) were selected as experimental material. There was significant difference in days taken for bud initiation among nine cultivars. It is evident from data that minimum days take for bud initiation in cultivar Blackout (44 days) followed by Tresor (45 days). The maximum number of flowers per plant reported in cultivars Acapulco (10.20) followed by Yelloween (8.20) and Sorbonne (7.80) which is at par with Blackout (7.40) and Pavia (7.20). Maximum vase life was recorded with Acapulco (12.4 days) followed by Sorbonne (11.80 days) which is at par with Yelloween (11.8 days) while Minimum vase life was recorded with Ercolano (8.40 days) and Tresor ( 8.40 days). Mean value was found maximum for flower stem length (87.29) and minimum mean value was exhibited by number of flowers per plant. Heritability value was found maximum for characters like days to flower bud opening followed by length of flower stalk and days taken to bud initiation.

scholarly journals Effect of Seaweed Extract Spray on Vegetative and Flowering Growth of Two Narcissus Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Ayat H.M. Al-Khuzaey ◽  
Fatimah A.H. Al-Asadi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Research Station ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference

An experiment was carried out in the Cloth Canopy, Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, during the agricultural season 2018-2019, to study the effect of the seaweed extract spray (0, 2 and 4 m.L-1) on vegetative and flowering growth of two Narcissus species. Local white flowers (Narcissus tazetta) and the imported yellow flowers (N. eastertide). A factorial experiment with Randomized Completely Block Design (R.C.B.D) were used, with three replicates, the averages were compared using Least Significant Difference (L.S.D). When the plants reached treated at the emergence completion, leaves were sprayed to wetness full, with three times, the process was repeated every 15 days. The results showed that the white variety was significantly higher as well as plants treated with 4 m.L-1 extract showed significant superiority in all studied traits, the interaction between the white variety and spraying with seaweed extract concentration of 4 m.L-1 had a significant on the number of leaves5.00 leaf plant-1, leaf area 818 cm2, fresh and dry weights (30.16 and 15.70 g) of the vegetative total, flower stem length 45.55 cm, vase life 17.29 day.  while the interaction between the yellow species and spraying with seaweed extract concentration of 4 m.L-1 had a significant on fresh and dry weight of the flowers (16.80 and 1.73 g).

scholarly journals Studies on the Effect of Different Plant Densities and Levels of CRF on Growth, Yield and Quality of Flowers of Statice (Limonium sinuatum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Nishchay Galage Samir Ebson Topno ◽  
Vipin M. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Flowering Duration ◽  
Bud Initiation

A Field Experiment was conducted during Rabi season 2019-2020 at Experimental field, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.), India. The experiment was Evaluated in a Factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with three replications and 12 treatments. Among the CRF of 6g recorded significantly higher growth parameters followed by CRF of 4g, 2g and control. Spacing of 45cm x 60cm had a considerable influence on the number of leaves and length of leaves. Whereas, plant height was significantly higher with a spacing of 15cm x 30cm at all the growth stages. In flowering parameters, Controlled-release Fertilizers and spacing had a significance influence on the flowering parameters of statice. CRF of 6g per plant obtained notably higher flowering parameters like length of flower stalk and day of flower bud initiation to the day of harvesting whereas, highest delay in flower stalk initiation was observed in Control. The closer spacing of 15cm x 30cm had considerable influence on days required to flower stalk initiation/appearance, length of flower stalk and day of flower bud initiation to the day of harvesting or flowering duration. The higher yield with superior quality of flowers obtained with CRF of 6g with wider spacing of 45cm x 60cm.

scholarly journals Growth, Flowering, and Postharvest Performance of Single-stemmed Rose (Rosa hybrida L.) Plants in Response to Light Quantum Integral and Plant Population Density

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels B. Bredmose
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Light Quantum ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Quantum Integral ◽  
Flower Diameter

The cut rose, grown as a single-stemmed crop, resembles a potted plant and can be adapted to transportable bench systems. Potentially, this cultivation method could increase control of rose development, flexibility of production and produce, and automation of difficult or laborious cultural operations. Synchronous growth and flowering is considered important. The effects of increased quantum irradiation integral and plant density on shoot growth, fresh biomass production, and bloom quality were studied as single-stemmed rose plants (Rosa hybrida L.) `Kordapa' Lambada, `Tanettahn' Manhattan Blue, `Tanorelav' Red Velvet, and `Sweet Promise' Sonia grown under 20 hours photoperiods at 23 °C average air temperature. Plants were grown in rockwool cubes on ebb and flood benches irrigated with a complete nutrient solution, and were supplied with carbon dioxide at 1000 μmol·mol-1. Increased the daily quantum integral from 17.8 to 21.0 mol·m-2·d-1 increased fresh biomass efficiency, stem diameter, and specific fresh mass while number of nodes, number of five-leaflet-leaves, plastochron value, and stem length at anthesis decreased. Fresh mass at anthesis was not affected by the treatments. Increasing plant population density from 100 to 178 plants/m2 increased stem length at visible flower bud, and reduced both fresh biomass efficiency and specific fresh mass. These effects are suggested to be related to assimilate supply and translocation, and light perception of the roses. High quantum integral slightly reduced flower diameter but in general, quantum integral or plant density did not affect bloom quality or vase life. Use of preservative floral solution generally improved rose flower diameter and vase life. In Lambada increased light quantum integral prolonged vase life, but use of preservative solution did not. The cultivars Sonia and Red Velvet required 19 to 20 days from cutting/planting until onset of bud growth, 29 to 34 days until visible flower bud, and 39 to 49 days until anthesis. Red Velvet roses were ≈60 cm long at anthesis, and had larger stem diameter and growth rate, accumulated more fresh biomass, were most efficient producing fresh biomass, and had higher specific fresh mass among the cultivars. Light quantum integral is suggested to be used as a means to synchronize single-stemmed rose plant development.

scholarly journals Selection of Day-neutral, Heat-delay-insensitive Dendranthem×grandiflora Genotypes

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil O. Anderson ◽  
Peter D. Ascher
Keyword(s):  
Red Light ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Axillary Branching ◽  
Bud Initiation ◽  
Flower Bud Development

Commercial garden and greenhouse chrysanthemums [Dendranthema ×grandiflora (Ramat.) Kitam. (syn. Chrysanthemum xmorifolium Ramat.)] are facultative short-day plants for flower bud initiation, obligate short-day plants for flower bud development, and are categorized into short-day response groups. Flower initiation can be delayed by high night temperatures. Recent research has identified true day-neutral genotypes. The purpose of this investigation was to test environments for selecting genotypes that are both day-neutral and heat-delay insensitive. One greenhouse and 18 garden genotypes were selected. A series of environments were used to select for day-neutral genotypes and then differentiate between these genotypes for heat delay insensitivity: short days, long days/red light, long days/far red light and high temperatures, and natural day lengths under field conditions. Day-neutral selections from these environments were then grown in a fifth environment of long days/continuous far red and red light with high temperature. Data were collected on the number of days to first and third flower, long day leaf number, stem length, number of strap-shaped leaves subtending the terminal flower, internode lengths, number of nodes with axillary branching, and flower bud development of the first to the sixth flowers. Genotypes required 3 to 8 weeks for complete flower bud initiation/development. Flowering responses in the first four environments were highly significant for both the first and third flowers. Genotypes ranged from obligate short-day to day-neutral for the first six flowers. Three day-neutral genotypes were selected that differed significantly for all traits in the fifth environment; flower bud development with the first six flowers occurred with only one genotype, 83-267-3. Broad sense heritability estimates ranged from h2 = 0.75 for number of nodes with axillary branching, h2 = 0.79 for long day leaf number and number of strap-shaped leaves, to h2 = 0.91 for stem length. An ideotype for day-neutral and heat-delay-insensitive garden chrysanthemums was developed for use in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic and Inorganic Sources of Nutrients on Flowering of Hybrid Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii B.) cv. Shimmer in Open Field Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Bishnupada Giri ◽  
Sashikala Beura
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Flower Yield ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Bud Initiation ◽  
Open Field Condition

The present investigation on Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on flowering of hybrid gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii B.) cv. Shimmer in open field condition was conducted at Biotechnology cum Tissue Culture Centre, OUAT Bhubaneswar during 2015-16 and 2016-17. The aim of the study was to find out suitable organic and inorganic sources of nutrients for cut flower production of gerbera in open field condition. There were eight treatment combinations consisting of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), Vermicompost, 75% RDF, PSB, Azospirillum, Azotobacter and foliar spray of macro and micro elements. Application of 75% RDF (15:10:30 g NPK/10 plants) + Vermicompost (25 g/10 plants) + Azospirillum/ Azotobacter (20 g/10 plants) + PSB (20 g/10 plants) + macro and micro element spray recorded earlier flower bud initiation and flowering. The same treatments conducted to maximum length of flower stalk, thickness of flower stalk, flower diameter, number of flowers/plant and bloom life. It can be concluded that reduced dose of chemical fertilizer (75% RDF) along with application of vermicompost and biofertiizer can improve flower yield of gerbera in open field condition.

Diversity through genetic variability and correlation in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Niki Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Flower Head ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Bud Initiation ◽  
Number Of Branches

Evaluation of diversity through genetic variability and correlation studies on vegetative and floral characters of chrysanthemum genotypes were undertaken at experimental farm, Department of Horticulture, NEHU, Tura Campus, Tura, West Garo Hills District, Meghalaya during 2015-2017.Fifteen varieties namely, Korean Red, Korean Yellow, Solan Shringar, Ramblored, Yellow Star, Calabria, Ajay, AAU Yellow, White Star, Korean Bicolour, Charming, Lysid, Safin, Shayana and Gambit were selected for their evaluation. The range of variation was high for number of leaves (38.24-125.11) followed by days to bud initiation (34.60-94.66). Highest phenotypic and genotypic variances were observed for number of leaves (699.74 and 699.70), respectively. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits. Maximum PCV and GCV was observed for dry weight (89.73 and 89.17) followed by number of flowers per spray per plant (78.10 and 78.08). However, maximum heritability were observed in number of leaves (99.98 percent), number of flowers per spray per plant (99.98 percent) and flower longevity (99.97 percent) followed by days to bud initiation (99.95 percent) and plant height (99.94 percent), whereas, maximum genetic advance was noticed in number of leaves (54.49). The high heritability with genetic advance as percentage of mean for number of branches and number of flowers per spray per plant indicates the possible role of additive gene action. The magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than their corresponding phenotypic correlation for most of the traits, indicating a strong inherent linkage between various traits under study. At genotypic and phenotypic level, number of leaves exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with number of branches (0.889), number of flower head per plant (0.498), number of sprays per plant (0.497) and number of flowers per spray per plant (0.419), while, vase life showed significant and positive correlation with number of flower head per plant (0.315), number of sprays per plant (0.339) and flower diameter (0.311).

scholarly journals Floral biology of indigenous pummelo genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
MA Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Flower Morphology ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Agricultural Research Station ◽  
Bud Initiation ◽  
Floral Bud

Flower morphology and bud development of pummelo accessions CG-1, CG-18 and CG-151 were studied at the Pummelo Orchard of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Akbarpur, Moulvibazar and the Horticulture Laboratory of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during 2008-2009. Pummelo flowers were bisexual, bore singly on leaf axils or in clusters with or without leaf on stem in all accessions, and colour were white. Calyx diameter varied from 0.94 in CG-1 to 1.02 in CG-18. Number of petals per flower ranged from 4.0 to 4.5. Anthers were yellow in colour and only CG- 151 produced few rudimentary styles. Diameter of stigma varied from 0.39 mm to 0.49 mm. Number of locules per ovary was in between 14.6 to16.0 and number of ovules per locules varied from 4.0 to 9.0. Stages of floral bud development from initiation to anthesis were divided into 9 distinct stages. In pummelo, a total of 27.7 to 31.2 days were required from a bud initiation to reach its fully developed stage. Suitable time for emasculation of pummelo flowers was found within 26 days from flower bud initiation. Between 3:00am to 5:00am, about 76% flowers were found to be opened and between 4:00pm to 5:00pm in all the three accessions, dehiscence of pollens was recorded. Abscission of stamen, petal and style started after 50.8, 76.4 and 162.3 hrs and completed after 128.4, 137.9 and 228.3 hrs of anthesis, respectively.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 177-188, June 2015

scholarly journals Growth and Development of Abelmuschus esculentus (Okra) in Gully Eroded Soil Amended with Different Rates of Cow Dung Manure

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Ekwealor U. Kenneth ◽  
Okereke E. Kingsley ◽  
Iroka F. Chisom ◽  
Okereke N. Chukwu ◽  
Francis H. Ibadin
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Mean

The growth and development of Abelmuschus esculentus (okra) in gully eroded soil amended with different rates of cow dung manure was studied using the complete randomized design; morphormetric data such as leaf area, plant height, stem girth, numbers of nodes, number of leaves and percentage flowering was collected and analyzed. A 30 kg of gully eroded soil sample was put into a sac in triplicate and six treatments of cow dung was introduced into it (0.5 kg, 1.0 kg, 1.5 kg, 2.0 kg, 2.5 kg and 3.0 kg) respectively. The results of study showed that there is a significant difference in all the treatments compared to control.  Highest petiole length (31.63±1.84) of Okra plant was obtained at week seven with 2.0 kg amended soil. The 2.5 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest leave length with the mean of 30.36±2.47 while the least leave length occurred in the 2.5 kg treatment at week 1 with the mean value of 0.49±0.03. The 2.0 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest leave length with the mean of 36.96±1.15 while the least leave length occurred in the 2.5 kg treatment at week 1 with the mean value of 0.44±0.03. The 1.0 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest length of internode (23.16±3.55) while the least length of internode occurred in the control at week 2 (0.86±0.23). At week 1 for all treatments, no result was obtained for length of internodes. The 0.5 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest number of leaves with the mean of 21.33±4.93 while the least number of leaves occurred in the 0.5 kg, 2.0 kg and 2.5 kg treatments respectively at week 1 and in the control sample at week 2. The result also revealed that the 1.0 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest stem length (154.73±30.99) while the least stem length occurred in the 2.0 kg at week 1(0.46±0.03). The 3.0 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest stem girth (9.33±0.51) while the least stem girth occurred in the 2.5 kg at week 1(0.31±0.02). The soil analysis result showed that nitrogen was highest in the soil at 2.0 kg treatment of cow dung (402±2.51) while the 1.5 kg treatment and control had the least nitrogen content (322±0.57) and (322±3.05) respectively. The highest phosphorus content was 1.0 kg treatment of cow dung (986±1.53), with the control having the lowest phosphorus content (280±2.00). On the potassium content, the 2.5 kg treatment had the highest (843±0.57) while the control had the least content of potassium (357±1.52). The overall result showed that the growth and development of okra was enhanced by application of cow dung which influenced soil nutrient status positively.

Intra-varietal variability and response to single plant selection in Gossypium hirsutum L.: II. Genotypic variability

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Lint Percentage ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Genotypic And Phenotypic Correlations

SummaryProgenies of randomly chosen plants from spaced plant populations of four American and one African variety of Gossypium hirsutum L. were grown in replicated single-plant plots at Kimberley Research Station in 1967–68 (all varieties) and 1968–9 (two varieties only) to estimate intra-varietal parameters of genetic variability.Estimates of broad-sense heritability were usually similar when derived from components of variance on either a one- or two-season analysis basis or by parentprogeny regression Heritabilities were in general lowest for lint yield and boll number and highest for lint percentage. Mean value of heritability for lint yield and boll number, considered consistent enough on a varietal and seasonal basis to allow averaging, was about 0·15. Components of variance estimates of heritability on a single environment basis for other attributes ranged as follows: boll weight from 0·05 to 0·56, lint percentage from 0·29 to 0·80, mature height from 0·00 to 0·51, micronaire value from 0·20 to 0·63 and Pressley strength index from 0·05 to 0·56.Genetic coefficients of variation showed an opposite trend to that for heritability: lint yield and boll-number values were large and lint percentage, micronaire value, and Pressley strength indices small. Expected responses to selection for the top 2·5 % of the population for lint yield and boll number at around 10% were usually higher than for other attributes.Genotypic and phenotypic correlations were mostly similar but correlations often deviated widely between varieties. Positive lint yield correlations with micronaire value and negative lint yield correlations with Pressley strength index were recorded; these are often undesirable associations for breeding.The association between the period of maintenance under Ord conditions and variability shown phenotypically in the original populations was not evident from the quantitative inheritance studies. Residual variability following breeding was considered as accounting for the larger portion of the genetic variability.

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