scholarly journals Paroxysmal dystonia and neuromyelitis optica

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe R. Schmidt ◽  
Flavio Henrique R. Costa ◽  
Fernanda M.L.C. Silva ◽  
Henryk Maultasch ◽  
Ana Lucia Rosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Spinal Lesions ◽  
Paroxysmal Dystonia

Paroxysmal dyskinesias (PD) are thought to be rare movement disorders. The overwhelming majority of reported cases are primary. Secondary PD has seen reported to occur in some conditions, mainly in multiple sclerosis and head trauma. The anatomic origin of the lesion is also rarely seen at the spinal cord. Our objective was to describe four patients with paroxysmal dystonia secondary to spinal lesions during the recovering phase of a neuromyelitis optica (NMO) bout. In the reviewed literature, we do not find any report of PD related to NMO.

scholarly journals Spinal cord involvement in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Ciccarelli ◽  
Jeffrey A Cohen ◽  
Stephen C Reingold ◽  
Brian G Weinshenker ◽  
Maria Pia Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Spinal Cord Involvement ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Spinal cord syndromes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: differentiating lupus myelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis

Lupus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1656-1662
Author(s):  
J N Williams ◽  
C B Speyer ◽  
D J Kreps ◽  
D J Kimbrough ◽  
K Costenbader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Systemic Lupus

Objective Non-infectious myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be due to SLE myelitis, comorbid multiple sclerosis (MS), or neuromyelitis optica (NMO). We compared characteristics of these three conditions in SLE patients at a large academic institution. Methods We searched for neurologic diagnoses of SLE myelitis, NMO myelitis, and MS myelitis among 2297 patients with at least four 1997 American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for SLE between 2000 and 2015. Each subject was reviewed by a neurologist to confirm the underlying neurologic diagnosis. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic data were extracted and compared using Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results Fifteen of the 2297 subjects with SLE (0.7%) met criteria for a spinal cord syndrome: seven had SLE myelitis, three had AQP4 seropositive NMO, and five had MS. The median SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 score at time of neurologic syndrome presentation was higher in SLE myelitis subjects (8, interquartile range (IQR) 7–16) compared with subjects with NMO (6, IQR 0–14) or MS (2, IQR 0–4), p = 0.02. Subjects with SLE myelitis were also more likely to have elevated anti-dsDNA antibodies at presentation (86%) compared with subjects with NMO (33%) or MS (0%), p = 0.03. Conclusion Myelitis occurs rarely among patients with SLE. Compared with subjects with SLE + NMO and subjects with SLE + MS, subjects with SLE myelitis had higher SLE disease activity at presentation.

The cervical spinal cord in neuromyelitis optica patients: A comparative study with multiple sclerosis using diffusion tensor imaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 2697-2701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Miraldi Clemente Pessôa ◽  
Fernanda Cristina Rueda Lopes ◽  
João Victor Altamiro Costa ◽  
Soniza Vieira Alves Leon ◽  
Romeu Côrtes Domingues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord

Neuromyelitis Optica

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri L. Schreiner ◽  
Jeffrey L. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), or Devic’s disease is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that preferentially affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. Initially considered a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS), NMO is now clearly recognized to have distinct clinical, radiographic, and pathologic characteristics. Historically, the diagnosis of NMO required bilateral optic neuritis and transverse myelitis; however, the identification of a specific biomarker, NMO-IgG, an autoantibody against the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel, has broadened NMO spectrum disease to include patients with diverse clinical and radiographic presentations. This chapter addresses the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of the disease.

scholarly journals Poor Responses to Interferon-Beta Treatment in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica and Multiple Sclerosis with Long Spinal Cord Lesions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e98192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Chen Wang ◽  
Kuan-Hsiang Lin ◽  
Tzu-Chi Lee ◽  
Chao-Lin Lee ◽  
Shao-Yuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions

The role of cerebellar abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica – a comparison with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Weier ◽  
Arman Eshaghi ◽  
Stefano Magon ◽  
Michaela Andelova ◽  
Ernst-Wilhelm Radue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cervical Cord ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Secondary Degeneration ◽  
Cerebellar Volume ◽  
And Gender

Background: In relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), the cerebellum is a known predilection site for atrophy. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is characterized by extensive lesions in the spinal cord and optic nerve; however, cerebellar involvement has been less studied. Secondary degeneration of the spinocerebellar tract could impact the cerebellum in NMO. Objective: We aimed to investigate whether spinal cord and cerebellar volume measures differ between patients with NMO and RRMS. Methods: Volumetric analyses of the cerebellum (TCV), the upper cervical cord (UCV) as well as the whole brain (NBV) of age- and gender-matched patients with NMO ( n=30; 56% AQP4 +ve) and RRMS ( n=25) were performed on 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compared with 34 healthy controls (HC). Results: UCV was significantly reduced in NMO patients (6.3 cm3) as compared with HC (6.7 cm3), while patients with MS had reduced brain volumes compared with HC (NBV=1482 cm3; p<0.001; TCV=188 cm3; p=0.042), but UCV close to normal values. Patients with RRMS and NMO differed in NBV ( p=0.001; lower in RRMS) and by trend (towards reduction in RRMS) in cerebellar volume ( p=0.06). Conclusions: While atrophy seems to be diffuse in MS patients, a rather focussed pattern with predominant involvement of the UCV was observed in NMO patients.

scholarly journals Case Report: In Situ Expression of a Proliferation-Inducing Ligand in Neuromyelitis Optica

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Baert ◽  
Romain Marignier ◽  
Hans P. Lassmann ◽  
Bertrand Huard
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Immunosuppressive Activity ◽  
Cellular Target ◽  
Main Observation ◽  
Complement Deposition

A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) mediates a key role in the generation and survival of antibody-inducing plasmocytes. Based on this, APRIL has been targeted in autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS) and optic neuritis (ON). In MS lesions, APRIL has a new cellular target, the reactive astrocyte and mediates an immunosuppressive activity. Here, we analyzed APRIL expression in a case of neuromyelitis optica (NMO), another autoimmune neurodegenerative disease, showing selective aquaporin-4 depletion in the spinal cord, complement deposition and infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells. We analyzed by immunohistochemistry the presence of APRIL-producing cells, plasmocytes, astrocytes and the localization of secreted APRIL in a lesion from NMO. Plasmocytes were present close to APRIL-producing cells in meninges. However, our main observation was that APRIL targets reactive astrocytes in this lesion of NMO similarly to MS.

scholarly journals Optic Nerve and Spinal Cord Are the Major Lesions in Each Relapse of Japanese Multiple Sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Warabi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Brainstem Lesion ◽  
Spinal Lesions ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Relapsing Remitting

For the purpose of predicting multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) relapses in Japanese population, we evaluated the localization and age of each demyelinating attack. We retrospectively analyzed the 78 medical records of Japanese MS and NMO patients. Then we identified 49 cases of relapsing-remitting-type patients and defined each of 116 demyelinating attacks. NMO had an older age at onset than MS, although the initial symptoms cannot predict the clinical phenotypes. Only 21.3% of demyelinating attacks were localized in the cerebrum and 78.7% were optic-spinal lesions, although MS comprised 70% and NMO comprised 30% of these 78 cases. Brainstem lesion had a relative male predominancy and a young age at attack. Our findings showed that optic nerve and spinal cord lesions are the major and critical lesions in each attack of Japanese CNS demyelinating diseases. There might be distinctive Japanese pathogenic features even in Western type MS.

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