scholarly journals Monitoreo de parásitos en efluentes domiciliarios

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Semenas ◽  
Norma Brugni ◽  
Gustavo Viozzi ◽  
Ana Kreiter
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽  
Water And Wastewater

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la presencia de parásitos en efluentes semisólidos y líquidos en distintas localidades de la Patagonia argentina considerando que ésta es una de las restricciones para su uso. MÉTODOS: Las muestras tomadas en 4 Plantas de Tratamiento de Efluentes Domiciliarios se analizaron siguiendo las normativas de Environmental Protection Agency, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater y de algunas clasificaciones. RESULTADOS: Solamente 2 de las 6 muestras de semisólidos analizadas tenían huevos de Ascaris lumbricoides no viables. De las 10 muestras líquidas, solamente 2 no tenían huevos mientras las restantes tenían patógenos de las categorías I (Giardia sp., Hymenolepis diminuta y Enterobius vermicularis) y III (Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale y Trichuris trichiura). CONCLUSIONES: Todas las muestras de semisólidos analizadas fueron aptas para su uso como fertilizantes porque no se registró en ninguna de ellas la presencia de huevos viables de Ascaris lumbricoides y solamente 6 de las muestras líquidas fueron aptas para riego por carecer de huevos o por ser su concentración igual o inferior a 1 huevo por litro.

scholarly journals Um estudo sôbre a eosinofilia nas helmintoses

1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruy Gomes de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Necator Americanus ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale

1 - Foram examinadas as fezes de 2.666 indivíduos, operários e funcionários de duas Emprésas industriais, situadas, uma na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e outra no Estado do Rio (Brasil); 2 - Dos 2.666 indivíduos, 1941 (72.80%) estavam parasitados por um ou mais helmintos e 725 (27,20%) tinham seus exames de fezes negativos; 3 - De cada um dos 2.666 indivíduos foi feito um hemograma completo, tendo sido aproveitada a taxa de eosinófilos que, em associação com os exames de fezes, constituiu o objeto principal dêste trabalho. 4 - Na Tabela A observa-se o número de vêzes em que cada um dos vermes foi observado e seus respectivos percentuais. Embora não seja um trabalho de epidemiologia, verifica-se que 46,81% são infestados pelo Trichuris trichiura; 23,85% pelo Strongyloides stercoralis; 22,46% pelo Necator americanus e/ou Ancylostoma duodenale; 20,51% pelo Ascaris lumbricóides; 1,65% pelo Schistosoma mansoni; 0.67% pelo Enterobius vermicularis; 0,26% por Taenia solium ou T. saginata e 0,11% por Hymenolepis nana; 5 - Os exames de fezes foram feitos pelos métodos de Faust (ou de Ritchie), de Willis, de Baermann e de sedimentação; 6 - A eosinofilia anotada foi a relativa ou em seu percentual, sendo considerada hipereosinofilia uma taxa de eosinófilos igual ou superior a 5% (Eo > 5%); 7 - Foram abordados de modo conciso os fatores que provocam oscilações na eosinofilia normal tais como a idade, a raça, as horas do nictêmero, os fatores físicos, o sexo, os fatores químicos e outros; 8 - Tratou-se de modo mais extenso das diferenças entre as hipereosinofilias parasitárias e não parasitárias, tendo sido focalizada a dinâmica da eosinofilia traduzida na curva de Lavier. 9 - A distribuição dos 2.666 casos foi feita pelos diferentes graus de eosinofilia, tendo sido levantados gráficos e traçadas curvas sôbre a distribuição de cada helminto e de suas associações. 10 - Por ser necessário à explanação do assunto, foi criado o "índice eosinofilico", o qual corresponde à relação entre o número de casos de um determinado grupo com Eo > 5% e Eo < 5%. Para o total de casos positivos, ao "índice eosinofílico" denominamos "índice eosinofílico médio" em para o total dos negativos "índice eosinofílico residual"; 11 - Estabelecendo-se o "índice eosinofílico", pode-se ajuizar a capacidade eosinofilogênica de cada helminto isoladamente, bem como a de suas associações; 12 - Atenção especial foi dada aos problemas da existência da hipereosinofilia nos casos com exames coprológicos negativos para helmintos, tendo-se passado em revista vários dos aspectos biológicos que o assunto comporta; 13 - Outra questão de grande importância clínica explanada neste trabalho é a do encontro de casos de parasitismo por vermes, sem hipereosinofilia. O autor, baseado em seus dados e em outros colhidos na literatura sôbre o assunto, discute a fisiopatologia da eosinopoiese nas helmintoses e ojerece uma interpretação para êste fato ainda não defintivamente esclarecido.

Evaluation of Colilert-18® for Detection and Enumeration of Fecal Coliform Bacteria in Wastewater Using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Alternative Test Procedure Protocol

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 1573-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S Warden ◽  
Monique S DeSarno ◽  
Sarah E Volk ◽  
Bradley J Eldred
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Fecal Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Alternative Test ◽  
The U.S

Abstract This study compared recovery of fecal coliform bacteria from sewage by Colilert-18® and Standard Methods 9222D (membrane-Fecal Coliform medium) in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Alternative Test Protocol (ATP). Samples were collected from 10 different wastewater treatment plants in the northeastern United States and tested in a single laboratory. Twenty replicates of each sample were analyzed by each method, and 200 positive and 200 negative responses were confirmed for each method. Recovery of fecal coliforms by Colilert-18 was significantly higher than (8 of 10 sites) or statistically equivalent to (1 of 10 sites) recovery by the reference method (Standard Methods 9222D) for samples from all but one site. Both methods had low false-positive rates (&lt;2%); however, the false-negative rate observed with Standard Methods 9222D (21.5%) was substantially higher than that observed with Colilert-18 (7%). The accuracy rates of the two methods were calculated as 96.5 and 88.9% for Colilert-18 and Standard Methods 9222D, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that Colilert-18 meets the acceptance criteria for alternative methods specified in the EPA ATP.

scholarly journals Kebersihan Diri dan Sanitasi Rumah pada Anak Balita dengan Kecacingan

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Ririh Yudhastuti ◽  
M. Farid D. Lusno
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Necator Americanus ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽  
Chi Square Test

Di Indonesia, prevalensi kecacingan berada pada kisaran 45% - 65% dan masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting. Berbagai cacing yang menginfeksi anak berusia di bawah 12 tahun dengan prevalensi tinggi meliputi Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale,Necator americanus, dan Enterobius vermicularis. Infeksi cacingperut diduga menyebar melalui sanitasi lingkungan dan higiene perorangan yang buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara lingkungan rumah dan kejadian kecacingan pada anak di bawah lima tahun (balita). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada anak balita di Kampung Keputih Kecamatan Sukolilo Surabaya selama bulan Maret – Mei 2010 dengan desain penelitian kasus kontrol terhadap 51 kasus dan 51 kontrol. Pengumpulan data melalui pemeriksaan laboratorium, wawancara, dan observasi. Analisis data dengan uji chi square dan regresi logistik. Prevalensi kejadian kecacingan dengan pemeriksaan tinja pada anak balita adalah 9,8%. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kecacingan pada anak balita adalah keberadaan sarana sanitasi (jamban) (OR = 5,245), kebiasaan buang air besar (BAB) (OR = 4,821), masih adanya lantai tanah (OR = 5,342), kebiasaan cuci tangan setelah BAB (OR = 4,654), dan pengetahuan ibu tentang kecacingan (OR = 2,425). Disarankan untuk pengadaan jamban yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan dan plester rumah, meningkatkan penyuluhan pada orang tua balita dan kader kesehatan tentang kejadian kecacingan.Kata kunci: Lingkungan rumah, kecacingan, anak di bawah lima tahunAbstractIn Indonesia, helminthiasis is still a public health problem due to its prevalence. The prevalence is 45% - 65%. The species of helminthes whom infecting children under 12 years old are Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Enterobius vermicularis. It suspected that infestation of helmint can transmit through lack of environment sanitation and personal hygiene. The objective of research was analyze an association between housing environmental and helminthiasis among students of early childhood age. This research conducted since March until May 2010 with case control design and sample size was 51 subjectsfor cases and 51 subjects for control. Data analysis used chi square test and logistic regression. The prevalence of helminthiasis with feces examination among the students was 9,8%. The factors associated with helminthiasis were presence of latrines (OR = 5,245), defecation habits (OR = 4,821), type of floor (OR = 5,342), washing hands after defecation (OR = 4,654), and parental knowledge (OR = 2,425). It’s appleated to provide a close with good standard of environmental health, making the cement floor, increase knowledge about helminthiasis and the risk factorsKey words: Housing environmental, helminthiasis, children under fiveyears old

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Technology Transfer Activities of the United States Environmental Protection Agency

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 685-698
Author(s):  
J. J. Convery ◽  
J. F. Kreissl ◽  
A. D. Venosa ◽  
J. H. Bender ◽  
D. J. Lussier
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Outreach Program ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Transfer Programs

Technology transfer is an important activity within the ll.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Specific technology transfer programs such as the activities of the Center for Environmental Research Information, the Innovative and Alternative Technology Program, as well as the Small Community Outreach Program are used to encourage the utilization of cost-effective municipal pollution control technology. Case studies of three technologies including a plant operations diagnostic/remediation methodology, alternative sewer technologies and ultraviolet disinfection are presented. These case studies are presented retrospectively in the context of a generalized concept of how technology flows from science to utilization which was developed in a study by Allen (1977). Additional insights from this study are presented on the information gathering characteristics of engineers and scientists which may be useful in designing technology transfer programs. The recognition of the need for a technology or a deficiency in current practice are important stimuli other than technology transfer for accelerating the utilization of new technology.

The Hornsby Bend Hyacinth Facility in Austin, Texas

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Dinges ◽  
Jim Doersam
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
The City

The Hornsby Bend Hyacinth Facility, the first such system built under the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency “Construction Grants Program”, represents the culmination of over a decade of experience at the City of Austin with hyacinth treatment. The facility consists of three culture basins 265 m in length with an area of 1.6 ha. To permit year-round hyacinth culture, basins are covered with a 2.06 ha unitary greenhouse structure. Fenced exclusion areas at intervals along sides of basins serve as natural aerators and enhance fish production. The system, operated in an aerobic mode, was designed to daily treat about three million liters of sludge lagoon supernatant. Exclusion of large vertebrate predators and stocking of basins with selected animal species will provide a unique ecosystem. Basins were planted with hyacinth in late October, 1985 and discharge commenced on February 3, 1986. Functional characteristics and ecological considerations of the facility are discussed and operational performance data are presented. Maintenance harvesting of hyacinth and disposition of plant material are described. Application of greenhoused hyacinth treatment systems are addressed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document