Prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 antibodies in the population of Belém, Pará, Brazil

Serum samples from 497 children and adults inhabiting two neighbourhoods (Guamá and Terra Firme) in Belém, Pará, North Brazil were screened for the presence of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) antibody using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An overall 16.3% prevalence was found for these urban communities. Taken both genders together, prevalence rates of HHV-8 antibody increase gradually, across age-groups, ranging from 12.0% to 33.3%. When seroprevalence is analysed by gender, similar rates are found for female (18.4%) and male (14.0%) individuals. In the former gender group, seroprevalence rates increased from 10.3%, in children <FONT FACE=Symbol>£</FONT> 10 years of age, to 30.0% in adults 41-50 years of age. Conversely, among male subjects, the prevalence of HHV-8 antibodies decreased from 13.3% in children/young adults aged <FONT FACE=Symbol>£</FONT> 10 to 20 years of age to 6.1% in adults aged 21-30 years. From the 31-40 year-old group male onwards, seropositivity rates increased gradually, ranging from 8.3% to 66.7%. A significant difference in seropositivity rates was noted when comparing 21-30 age groups for female and male subjects: 23.3% and 6.1%, respectively (P = 0.03). Geometric mean optical densities were found to increase slightly from the lower to the higher age-groups. Our data suggest that transmission of HHV-8 occurs frequently in the general urban population of Belém, and that prevalence of antibody seems to increase with age.

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Increasing seroprevalence of Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) with age confirms HHV-8 endemicity in Amazon Amerindians from Brazil

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.81087-0 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 86 (9) ◽

pp. 2433-2437 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

A. M. G. Cunha ◽

A. Caterino-de-Araujo ◽

S. C. B. Costa ◽

E. Santos-Fortuna ◽

N. C. A. Boa-Sorte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Familial Aggregation ◽

Horizontal Transmission ◽

Age Groups ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Isolated Populations ◽

Herpesvirus 8 ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Amerindian Tribes

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) seroprevalences were determined in two isolated Amazon Amerindian tribes, according to age, gender and familial aggregation. Plasma and serum samples obtained from 982 Amazon Amerindians (664 Tiriyó and 318 Waiampi) were tested for antibodies against lytic and latent HHV-8 antigens by using ‘in-house’ immunofluorescence assays. Overall, HHV-8 seroprevalence was 56·8 % (57·4 % in the Tiriyó tribe and 55·7 % in the Waiampi tribe). Seroprevalence was independent of gender and increased linearly with age: it was 35·0 % among children aged 2–9 years, 51·4 % in adolescents (10–19 years), 72·9 % in adults and 82·3 % in adults aged >50 years. Interestingly, 44·4 % of children under 2 years of age were HHV-8-seropositive. No significant differences in seroprevalence between tribes and age groups were detected. It is concluded that HHV-8 is hyperendemic in Brazilian Amazon Amerindians, with vertical and horizontal transmission during childhood, familial transmission and sexual contact in adulthood contributing to this high prevalence in these isolated populations.

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Searching for Human Herpesvirus 8 Antibodies in Serum Samples from Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Blood Donors from São Paulo, Brazil

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/314789 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 179 (6) ◽

pp. 1591-1592 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Adele Caterino‐de‐Araujo ◽

Maria Luisa Calabrò ◽

Elizabeth de los Santos‐Fortuna ◽

Jamal Suleiman ◽

Luigi Chieco‐Bianchi

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽

Virus Type ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

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Detection and Titration of Human Herpesvirus-8–Specific Antibodies in Sera From Blood Donors, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients, and Kaposi's Sarcoma Patients Using a Whole Virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v92.1.53.413k30_53_58 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 53-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 98

Author(s):

Louise G. Chatlynne ◽

William Lapps ◽

Michael Handy ◽

Yao Q. Huang ◽

Rizwan Masood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Herpesvirus 8

A human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a whole virus lysate as antigen was developed and used to measure the seroprevalence rate and levels of IgG antibodies to HHV-8 in sera/plasma of various patient groups and blood donors. The virus antigen was prepared from the KS-1 cell line, which produces lytic virus, and therefore contains a broad array of viral proteins. Seroprevalence studies using this ELISA showed the following: 10 of 91 blood donors (11%) had an average HHV-8 antibody titer of 118; 67 of 72 (93%) classic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) patients were positive with an average titer of 14,111; and 57 of 62 (92%) KS/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients were positive with an average titer of 4,000. A study on a very limited number of serial serum samples from patients before and after diagnosis with KS showed highly elevated antibody titers to HHV-8 virus after KS lesions developed. Preliminary data show that 50% of the sera from HIV-1+ homosexual patients contain IgG antibodies to HHV-8 suggesting that this population is at high risk for developing KS. Antibody results correlated well with the confirmatory immunofluorescent assays (IFA) using KS-1 cells as the substrate. This HHV-8 IgG antibody detection ELISA is sensitive and specific and does not cross-react with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or other human herpesviruses. The results of this HHV-8 antibody survey suggest that this rapid ELISA assay can be used to screen large numbers of sera to find those at risk for developing KS.

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Clinicopathological characteristics compared between primary effusion lymphoma and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-unrelated primary effusion lymphoma-like lymphoma.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e19024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e19024-e19024

Author(s):

Junghoon Shin ◽

Youngil Koh

Keyword(s):

Primary Effusion Lymphoma ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽

Small Sample ◽

Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Vitreous Fluid ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Significant Difference

e19024 Background: Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-unrelated primary effusion lymphoma-like lymphoma (PEL-LL) are among the most rare subtypes of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma. Although a few number of case reports and small case series have suggested a better outcome of PEL-LL compared to PEL, systematic comparison of prognosis between PEL and PEL-LL has never been conducted owing to their rare incidence. Methods: We consecutively collected PEL and PEL-LL patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 in 10 institutions in South Korea. All patients were cytogically confirmed and received systemic evaluation to exclude detectable tumor formation. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were compared. Results: A total of 12 PEL and 4 PEL-LL cases were analyzed. Median age at diagnosis was 68.5 (range, 40-88) and 68.5 (range, 59-77) for PEL and PEL-LL, respectively. Male-to-female ratio was 7:5 and 3:1 in each group. Pleural effusion was the most common presentation in both groups. One patient in PEL-LL group presented with vitreous fluid containing lymphoma cells. Seven and two PEL patients were treated with CHOP and CVP-based chemotherapy, respectively and 3 did not receive chemotherapy due to poor performance. Three PEL-LL patients were treated with R-CHOP and the remaining 1 patient with malignant vitreous fluid received high dose methotrexate. One PEL patient received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after second remission and lived over 14 years thereafter. With estimated median follow-up duration of 99.6 and 20.7 months for PEL and PEL-LL respectively, 3 and 1 death occurred during the entire period in each group. Median overall survival was 119.6 and 66.5 months in PEL and PEL-LL group respectively without statistically significant difference. Conclusions: In our study, long-term prognosis of PEL and PEL-LL showed no difference. This result might be attributed to 2 remarkably long-lived patients in PEL group (longer than 174 and 123 months, respectively) and low statistical power owing to the small sample size.

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Evidence of active herpesvirus 6 (variant-A) infection in patients with lymphadenopathy in Belém, Pará, Brazil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652003000500008 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 283-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ronaldo B. Freitas ◽

Maria R. Freitas ◽

Alexandre C. Linhares

Keyword(s):

Nested Pcr ◽

Age Groups ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Active Infection ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Recent Infection ◽

Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽

Duration Of Symptoms ◽

Herpesvirus 6

A total of 323 patients with lymphadenopathy were selected in Belém, Brazil, between January 1996 and December 2001, and screened for the presence of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) IgM- and- IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). When seroprevalence is analyzed by gender, similar rates are found for female (60.6%) and male (55.7%) individuals. Seventy-seven (23.8%) patients were HHV-6-IgM-and- IgG-positive (IgM+ subgroup), with positivity rates of 29.7% and 17.7% (p = 0.0007) for female- and male individuals, respectively. Sera from a subgroup (n = 120) of these subjects, with high HHV-6 antibody levels (either IgM+ or IgG+ reactivities), were subsequently processed for the presence of HHV-6 DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/nested PCR. Active infections (IgM+ and/or IgG+ high levels specific antibodies plus detection of viral DNA) were diagnosed in 20/77 (20.0%) and 8/43 (18.6%); subgroup of the 120 individuals suspected of having HHV-6 suggestive recent infection. All (n = 28) cases of active infection were found to be associated with HHV-6 variant-A (HHV-6A), as detectable by PCR/nested PCR, using variant-specific primer that amplify regions of 195 base pairs (bp) (HHV-6A) and 423 bp (HHV-6B). Rates of HHV-6 DNA detection between female and male patients were similar (p > 0.05) in the IgM+ and IgG+ groups: 20.4% versus 35.7% and 25.0% versus 13.0%, respectively. HHV-6 DNA was detected across < 5 through 41-50-year age-groups for patients whose serum samples were IgM+, with rates ranging from 7.7% (female subjects aged < 5 years) to 80.0% (male, 11-20 years). Among patients whose serological status was IgG+, HHV-6 DNA was detected in < 5, 6-10, 21-30 and > 50 age-groups at rates that ranged from 15.4% (male, < 5 years of age) to 100.0% (female aged 11-20 years). Swelling cervical lymph nodes were the most common sign, accounting for 9 (32.0%) cases in each gender group. Among patients (n = 28) with active infection by HHV-6A variant, duration of symptoms lasted 1-5 days in 35.7% of subjects, whereas in 64.3% of them the disease lasted 6-20 days. Our data suggest that it is worth seeking for HHV-6 infection whenever a patient (infant or adult) presents with lymphadenopathy as a prominent symptom in the course of an acute febrile illness.

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Identification of Antigenic Proteins Encoded by Human Herpesvirus 8 and Seroprevalence in the General Population and among Patients with and without Kaposi's Sarcoma

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.74.8.3478-3485.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 74 (8) ◽

pp. 3478-3485 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Harutaka Katano ◽

Takuya Iwasaki ◽

Nobuyoshi Baba ◽

Masanori Terai ◽

Shigeo Mori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽

Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Antigen Elisa ◽

Antigenic Proteins

ABSTRACT To establish a sensitive and specific antibody assay, potent antigenic proteins encoded by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) were studied. Fifteen recombinant HHV8-encoded proteins were produced as glutathioneS-transferase fusion proteins. The sera from AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) patients reacted with four proteins encoded by open reading frames (ORFs) K8.1, 59, 65, and 73 in a Western blot assay. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using these four proteins as antigens (mixed-antigen ELISA) revealed that all 26 sera derived from KS patients (24 with and 2 without human immunodeficiency virus infection) became positive for anti-HHV8 antibodies. The presence of HHV8 was demonstrated in 14 (1.4%) of 1,004 sera from the Japanese general population and 10 (1.9%) of 527 sera from patients without HHV8-associated diseases. The presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies against HHV8 examined further by the mixed-antigen ELISA and Western blotting revealed IgG antibody in all ELISA-positive sera, while IgM antibody against ORF K8.1 was absent. These data suggest that the ORF 73 and 65 proteins are potent antigens for a sensitive serological assay.

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Correlation between Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunofluorescence Assay with Lytic Antigens for Detection of Antibodies to Human Herpesvirus 8

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.8.1.203-205.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 203-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Simone Topino ◽

Laura Vincenzi ◽

Ivano Mezzaroma ◽

Emanuele Nicastri ◽

Massimo Andreoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Immunoassay ◽

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Antibody Titers

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in Kaposi's sarcoma patients, the correlation between antibody titers to the lytic antigens of human herpesvirus 8, as assessed by immunofluorescence assay, and values obtained by an enzyme immunoassay. The methods showed a stringent correlation, r = 0.625 (P< 0.001).

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Development of Whole-Virus Multiplex Luminex-Based Serological Assays for Diagnosis of Infections with Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus/Human Herpesvirus 8 Homologs in Macaques

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00673-12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 409-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jonathan T. Ryan ◽

Timothy M. Rose

Keyword(s):

Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽

Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Large Set ◽

Primate Research ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Herpesvirus 8 ◽

Kaposi's Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus ◽

Kaposi’S Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus

ABSTRACTKaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus 8 is a tumorigenic rhadinovirus that is associated with all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma. Current serological detection of KSHV is based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent or immunofluorescence assays that suffer from a variety of problems, including the lack of defined standards for test comparison. While KSHV is the only known human rhadinovirus, two lineages of KSHV-like rhadinoviruses are found in Old World primates: the RV1 lineage includes KSHV and retroperitoneal fibromatosis herpesvirus (RFHV) in macaques, and the RV2 lineage includes RRV and MneRV2 from different macaque species. To develop animal models of KSHV-associated diseases, we developed quantitative multiplex bead-based serological assays to detect antibodies against rhadinovirus antigens. Proteins from KSHV (RV1) and MneRV2 (RV2) virions were coupled to spectrally distinct fluorescent beads and used in Luminex flow cytometry-based assays to detect immune responses in macaques. Both assays showed large dynamic ranges with high levels of seroreactivity to both KSHV and MneRV2 proteins. A large set of macaque serum samples from the Washington National Primate Research Center was screened, and most of the samples (82%) were positive in both assays, consistent with the high level of RV1-RV2 coinfection detected by PCR. The macaque sera showed broad, variable, and unique serological responses to the different viral antigens, allowing an initial seroprevalence to be determined for the macaque viruses. The Luminex assays offer a novel multiplexed approach to assess rhadinovirus infection patterns in both humans and nonhuman primates. This will help advance our understanding of rhadinovirus biology and associated host immunological responses.

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Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus infection in yak (Bos grunniens) in Tibet, China

Irish Veterinary Journal ◽

10.1186/s13620-021-00199-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lin Liang ◽

Yuan Wen ◽

Zhaocai Li ◽

Ping Liu ◽

Xing Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Age Groups ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Qinghai Province ◽

Chlamydia Abortus ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Potential Impact ◽

The Difference ◽

Age Category

AbstractChlamydia spp. are prevalent zoonotic pathogens that infect a wide variety of host species. Chlamydia abortus (C. abortus) infection in yaks has been reported in Gansu and Qinghai province, China. However, no data about C. abortus infection are available in yaks in Tibet, China. A total of 938 serum samples was collected from yaks in Tibet, China and specific antibodies against C. abortus were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the overall seroprevalence of C. abortus in yaks was 104/938 (11.1 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 9.1–13.1). The prevalence in female and male yaks was 59/556 (10.6 %, 95 % CI 8.0-13.2) and 45/382 (11.8 %, 95 % CI 8.5–15.0), respectively with no significant difference (p > 0.05). The seroprevalence of antibodies to C. abortus in yaks ranged from 8.0 to 18.2 % among the six different areas, and the difference was also without statistical significance (p > 0.05). The prevalence among different age groups ranged from 7.0 to 15.9 %, with a higher prevalence among 1 to 2 years age category. The results demonstrate the presence of C. abortus infection in yaks in Tibet and may pose a risk for the general yak populations in addition to its potential impact on public health and the local Tibetan economy. To our knowledge, this is the first seroprevalence survey of C. abortus in yaks in Tibet, China.

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The prevalence of diphtheria immunity in healthy population in Poland

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268801005295 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 126 (2) ◽

pp. 225-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. WALORY ◽

P. GRZESIOWSKI ◽

W. HRYNIEWICZ

Keyword(s):

Geometric Mean ◽

Age Groups ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Reference Method ◽

Vero Cells ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Booster Immunization ◽

Age Related ◽

Significant Difference

The degree of seroprotection against diphtheria in Poland was evaluated by determination of IgG antibodies to Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin (IgG-DTAb). The study population consisted of 4829 healthy subjects aged from 1 day to 85 years from 7 regions of Poland. Serum samples collected between 1996 and 1998 were assayed for IgG-DTAb antibodies using a toxoid enzyme immunoassay. Neutralization of toxin in Vero cells was performed as a reference method with the WHO standard for human diphtheria antitoxin. The study revealed a lack of seroprotection (IgG-DTAb < 0·1 IU/ml) in 23 % of individuals, basic seroprotection (0·1–1·0 IU/ml) in 64 %, and effective seroprotection (> 1·0 IU/ml) in 13 %. The non-protected group consisted of non-vaccinated children below 2 months of age (10 %), individuals between 2 months and 18 years old (20 %) and greater than 19 years old (70 %). Of the adults, 32 % were seronegative, 63 % had basic seroprotection and only 5 % were fully protected; 43 % of adults between 30 and 64 years, who had not been vaccinated at least during the previous 10 years were not protected against diphtheria. The geometric mean titre (GMT) of IgG-DTAb was 0·25 IU/ml in the total population. Age-related GMTs differed significantly from each other and were higher (0·44 IU/ml) in individuals from 2 months to 18 years old, compared with 0·14 IU/ml and 0·17 IU/ml in children under 2 months and adults, respectively. No significant difference was found in the GMTs of men and women in all age groups. We conclude that the currently used vaccination programme in Poland is highly effective and assures protection against diphtheria in the majority of the population in the 10-year period following the last booster. However, a significant proportion of adults between 30 and 64 years lack protection and this indicates a need for booster immunization for this group.

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