Soil phosphorus dynamics and availability and irrigated coffee yield

Research data have demonstrated that the P demand of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is similar to that of short-cycle crops. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of annual P fertilization on the soil P status by the quantification of labile, moderately labile, low-labile, and total P fractions, associating them to coffee yield. The experiment was installed in a typical dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) cultivated with irrigated coffee annually fertilized with triple superphosphate at rates of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg ha-1 P2O5. Phosphorus fractions were determined in two soil layers: 0-10 and 10-20 cm. The P leaf contents and coffee yield in 2008 were also evaluated. The irrigated coffee responded to phosphate fertilization in the production phase with gains of up to 138 % in coffee yield by the application of 400 kg ha-1 P2O5. Coffee leaf P contents increased with P applications and stabilized around 1.98 g kg-1, at rates of 270 kg ha-1 P2O5 and higher. Soil P application caused, in general, an increase in bioavailable P fractions, which constitute the main soil P reservoir.

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Effect of 20 annual applications of excess feedlot manure on labile soil phosphorus

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss95-072 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 507-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J. F. Dormaar ◽

C. Chang

Keyword(s):

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Control Treatment ◽

P Fractions ◽

Phosphorus Pollution ◽

Soil P ◽

Loading Rates ◽

Native Prairie ◽

Labile Phosphorus ◽

Total P

Concentrations were measured of various forms of soil P in the Ap horizon of a Lethbridge loam (Dark Brown Chernozemic) brought about by 20 yr of feedlot manure loading or 14 yr of feedlot manure loading + 6 yr of no further additions under both nonirrigated and irrigated conditions. Depth of cultivation affected the concentrations of the various P fractions. Although total P and phosphatase activity increased with manure additions, these increases diminished at triple the recommended loading rates. Increased phosphatase activities never rose above those of the soil from ungrazed native prairie. Irrigation increased the phosphatase activity of the control treatment. Concentrations of total P remained well above those of the control plots, even after 6 yr without any additional manure loading. New approaches to the estimation of P fractions are needed to understand P in land used for manure disposal. Key words: Phosphatase activity, labile phosphorus, pollution, phosphorus harvesting, cultivation depth

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Phosphorus Fertilization in Rice (Oryza sativa L) Cultivation Changes Soil P-Fractions

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v5i1.5194 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 20-29

Author(s):

AL Shah ◽

JC Biswas ◽

ARM Solaiman ◽

GM Panaullah

Keyword(s):

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Ammonium Phosphate ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Rice Soil ◽

P Fractions ◽

Soil P ◽

Long Duration ◽

P Fertilizer ◽

P Application ◽

Rice Genotypes

A study was conducted at the BRRI research farm during 2001 to determine the distribution of soil phosphorus (P) fractions in P-deficient rice soil that received varied amount of P as triple super phosphate (TSP) and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP). Solution P ranged from 0.06 to 0.08 mg L-1 which was significantly greater in long duration variety (LDV) compared to short duration variety (SDV) at Pcontrol conditions. The increase in NaHCO3-Pi pool was 4.5-35.2% greater with LDV compared to SDV at 30-45 kg P ha-1. There was 7-10% greater NaOH-Po after growing LDV compared to SDV at larger P doses as TSP. The buildup of NaOH-Po pool was greater by 18% after growth of SDV compared to LDV when P was added as DAP. The NaOH-Pi fraction increased by about 21-212% with P application compared to P control irrespective of P sources. The larger HCl-Pi fraction buildup (21-152%) took place because of P application either as TSP or DAP, especially with the LDV. The increase in residual-P fraction was 10-158% because of P-fertilization and rice genotypes compared to control. Under Pfertilized conditions, NaHCO3-Pi and NaOH-Po appeared to have acted as sinks of added P-fertilizer. Cultivation of rice genotypes at 30-40 kg P ha-1 under lowland situations further contributes to P buildup in soil which could be utilized in the succeeding crops for profitable farming.

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Improved Plant Diversity as a Strategy to Increase Available Soil Phosphorus

10.24047/bc103143 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 43-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Crusciol ◽

João Rigon ◽

Juliano Calonego ◽

Rogério Soratto

Keyword(s):

Crop Yields ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Cropping System ◽

P Availability ◽

P Fractions ◽

Crop Species ◽

Soil P ◽

Residue Decomposition ◽

Available Soil Phosphorus ◽

Crop Residue Decomposition

Some crop species could be used inside a cropping system as part of a strategy to increase soil P availability due to their capacity to recycle P and shift the equilibrium between soil P fractions to benefit the main crop. The release of P by crop residue decomposition, and mobilization and uptake of otherwise recalcitrant P are important mechanisms capable of increasing P availability and crop yields.

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Spatial variability of soil phosphorus of a low productivity Brachiaria brizantha pasture

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162003000300022 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 559-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Edemar Joaquim Corazza ◽

Michel Brossard ◽

Takashi MuraokaI ◽

Maurício Antonio Coelho Filho

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Matter Content ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Soil P ◽

Forage Plants ◽

P Application

Studies on soil phosphorus (P) of low productivity cultivated pastures in Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) areas and surveys on other possible problems related to P are scarce. The spatial variability of soil phosphorus content of a Rhodic Ferralsol was studied in a low productivity pasture of Brachiaria brizantha (BB) grown for 10 years, without fertilizer application, in an experimental area at Planaltina (GO), Brazil. Soil samplings were performed on a regular grid of 10 by 10 meters, with 98 sampling points before (between tussocks and under tussocks) and after the establishment of the experiment (after fertilizing). On the same grid, forage plants were collected and separated into fractions for N and P content analyses. Soil available phosphate was determined by the resin method (Pr) and complemented by the 32P isotopic exchange kinetics analysis. Descriptive statistical and geostatistical analyses were utilized to describe the spatial variability. The Pr content on soil samples under tussocks presented mean and median values 45% larger than in soil samples taken between tussocks. The higher variation is probably related to the greater concentration of BB roots, soil organic matter content and soil P recycled through the plants tussocks. The spatial variability of Pr in this soil was high especially after fertilizer application. This variable did not present spatial dependence for the regular 10 m sampling. The generated knowledge on P variability of soils under low productivity cultivated pastures revealed problems related to the sampling methodology traditionally utilized and to P application.

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Mining disturbance alters phosphorus fractions in northern Australian soils

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr99033 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 411 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Terrence A. Short ◽

Neal W. Menzies ◽

David R. Mulligan

Keyword(s):

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Native Forest ◽

P Fractions ◽

Bauxite Mining ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil Fractions ◽

Eucalypt Forest ◽

Extractable P ◽

Mining Disturbance ◽

Undisturbed Soils

The brown kandosol soils at Weipa, North Queensland, contain little soil phosphorus (P). Plant-available fractions (considered in this study to include resin, hydroxide, and dilute acid extractable P) approximate 85 ˜g P/g, or 70% of total soil P, the majority of which is in labile organic forms, highlighting the importance of P cycling within the native eucalypt forest. A field experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effect of soil handling during bauxite mining on the distribution of P between the various soil fractions. This study showed that soil stripping and replacement disrupts the P cycle and affects the proportional distribution of P between soil fractions. Horizon mixing during soil handling severely reduces the size of plant-available soil P fractions in surface soils ( 0–5 cm depth) and this can only be partially compensated by the addition of fertiliser. A survey of rehabilitated sites of differing ages showed that restoration of soil organic P fractions is extremely slow, with the overall distribution of P within replaced soils remaining different from that within undisturbed soils 15 years after rehabilitation to native forest or exotic pasture species.

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THE INFLUENCE OF TOPOGRAPHY ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SOIL PHOSPHORUS ACROSS A NARROW ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss85-071 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 651-665 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

T. L. ROBERTS ◽

J. W. B. STEWART ◽

J. R. BETTANY

Keyword(s):

Environmental Gradient ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Regional Distribution ◽

Extraction Procedure ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Organic P ◽

Inorganic P ◽

Soil P ◽

Lower Slope ◽

Total P

A sequential extraction procedure was used to determine phosphorus fractions (resin, bicarbonate, hydroxide, sonicated hydroxide, acid and acid-peroxide digest with separate organic and inorganic P determinations) in surface and subsurface horizons taken from the upper, mid- and lower slope positions of four catenas (representing Brown, Dark Brown and Black Chernozemic soils, and a Luvisolic soil) which encompass a narrow environmental gradient of climate (annual precipitation: 300–475 mm) and vegetation. Trends in the local distribution of organic and inorganic soil P between upper and lower slope positions in any one catena were similar to the regional distribution patterns across all soil zones. Concentration of organic P, in both the surface and subsurface horizons, increased from the upper to the lower slope positions and from the Brown to the Black soils, while inorganic P decreased. The largest single organic fraction (hydroxide extractable) accounted for up to 22 and 17% of the total P (surface and subsurface horizons, respectively). Acid extractable P dominated the inorganic fractions, accounting for 40–63% of the total P (surface and subsurface horizons, respectively). The distribution of organic P along the catenas and among the soil zones was related to the transformations of inorganic P caused by differences in weathering intensity between slope positions and across the Province. Key words: Catena, climo-toposequence, sequential P extraction

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Depletion, accumulation and availability of soil phosphorus in the Askov long-term field experiment

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr19203 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 117 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Musibau O. Azeez ◽

Gitte Holton Rubæk ◽

Ingeborg Frøsig Pedersen ◽

Bent T. Christensen

Keyword(s):

Rock Phosphate ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Available P ◽

Soil P ◽

Olsen P ◽

Extractable P ◽

P Application ◽

Plant Available P ◽

Water Extractable

Soil phosphorus (P) reserves, built up over decades of intensive agriculture, may account for most of the crop P uptake, provided adequate supply of other plant nutrients. Whether crops grown on soils with reduced supply of other nutrients obtain similar use-efficiency of soil P reserves remains unclear. In treatments of the Askov Long-Term Experiment (initiated in 1894 on light sandy loam), we quantified changes in soil total P and in plant-available P (Olsen P, water extractable P and P offtake in wheat grains) when P-depleted soil started receiving P in rock phosphate and when P application to soil with moderate P levels ceased during 1997–2017. Additionally we studied treatments with soil kept unfertilised for >100 years and with soil first being P depleted and then exposed to surplus dressings of P, nitrogen (N) and potassium in cattle manure. For soil kept unfertilised for >100 years, average grain P offtake was 6 kg ha–1 and Olsen P averaged 4.6 mg kg–1, representing the lower asymptotic level of plant-available P. Adding igneous rock phosphate to severely P-depleted soil with no N fertilisation had little effect on Olsen P, water extractable P (Pw), grain yields and P offtake. For soils with moderate levels of available P, withholding P application for 20 years reduced contents of Olsen P by 56% (from 16 to 7 mg P kg–1) and of Pw by 63% (from 4.5 to 1.7 mg P kg–1). However, the level of plant-available P was still above that of unfertilised soil. Application of animal manure to P-depleted soil gradually raised soil P availability, grain yield and P offtake, but it took 20 years to restore levels of plant-available P. Our study suggests symmetry between rates of depletion and accumulation of plant-available P in soil.

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Phosphorus Speciation in Long-Term Drained and Rewetted Peatlands of Northern Germany

Soil Systems ◽

10.3390/soilsystems4010011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Wakene Negassa ◽

Dirk Michalik ◽

Wantana Klysubun ◽

Peter Leinweber

Keyword(s):

Total Concentration ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

P Fractions ◽

Edge Structure ◽

Soil P ◽

Wet Chemical ◽

Labile P ◽

X Ray Absorption ◽

Total P

Previous studies, conducted at the inception of rewetting degraded peatlands, reported that rewetting increased phosphorus (P) mobilization but long-term effects of rewetting on the soil P status are unknown. The objectives of this study were to (i) characterize P in the surface and subsurface horizons of long-term drained and rewetted percolation mires, forest, and coastal peatlands and (ii) examine the influence of drainage and rewetting on P speciation and distributions using wet-chemical and advanced spectroscopic analyses. The total P was significantly (p < 0.05) different at the surface horizons. The total concentration of P ranged from 1022 to 2320 mg kg−1 in the surface horizons and decreased by a factor of two to five to the deepest horizons. Results of the chemical, solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) indicated that the major proportions of total P were organic P (Po). In the same peatland types, the relative proportions of Po and stable P fractions were lower in the drained than in the rewetted peatland. The results indicate that long-term rewetting not only locks P in organic matter but also transforms labile P to stable P fractions at the surface horizons of the different peatland types.

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Long-term crop rotation and fertilizer effects on phosphorus transformations: II. In a Luvisolic soil

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss92-048 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 581-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

R. H. McKenzie ◽

J. W. B. Stewart ◽

J. F. Dormaar ◽

G. B. Schaalje

Keyword(s):

Sodium Bicarbonate ◽

Sequential Extraction ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

P Fractions ◽

Soil P ◽

P Transformations

The effects of different cropping systems, fertilizer, and lime on soil phosphorus (P) dynamics in soils developed under forest vegetation have received little attention. The objective of this study was to develop an understanding of P fractions and transformations in long-term rotation plots on a Luvisolic soil at Breton, Alberta. Results have shown that crop rotation and fertilizer application have affected more inorganic soil phosphorus (Pi) and organic phosphorus (Po) fractions, as determined by a sequential extraction procedure. Continuously cropped treatments, which had not received fertilizer, resulted in P drawdown of resin-extractable Pi (resin-Pi), sodium bicarbonate-extractable Pi (bicarb-Pi), sodium hydroxide-extractable Pi (NaOH-Pi), sodium bicarbonate-extractable Po (bicarb-Po), sodium hydroxide-extractable Po (NaOH-Po) and hydrochloric acid-extractable Pi (HCl-Pi) fractions. Only the residual-P fraction (insoluble Pi and stable Po forms) was unaffected. Addition of fertilizer had an effect on all P fractions except the NaOH-Po fraction. Phosphorus fertilizer treatments positively affected the Pi fractions and N fertilizer positively affected the bicarb-Po fraction. Lime application affected soil pH, which lowered NaOH-Pi levels and increased HCl-Pi levels through formation of more stable calcium phosphate compounds. Addition of lime also resulted in lower bicarb-Po levels. Cropping without using phosphate fertilizer has resulted in a 30–40% decline in total-P in the Breton plots in the Ap horizon. Continuous cropping, with a forage crop in the rotation, coupled with modest N and P fertilizer application, had the most positive effects on P cycling and transformations. Summerfallow had no apparent beneficial effects on P transformations. Key words: Soil P transformations, Luvisolic soil, P bioavailability, sequential extraction

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Litter inputs and phosphatase activity affect the temporal variability of organic phosphorus in a tropical forest soil in the Central Amazon

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/s11104-021-05146-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Karst J. Schaap ◽

Lucia Fuchslueger ◽

Marcel R. Hoosbeek ◽

Florian Hofhansl ◽

Nathielly Pires Martins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forest ◽

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Litter Decomposition ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Litter Production ◽

P Availability ◽

Organic P ◽

Phosphorus Cycle ◽

P Fractions ◽

Soil P

Abstract Purpose The tropical phosphorus cycle and its relation to soil phosphorus (P) availability are a major uncertainty in projections of forest productivity. In highly weathered soils with low P concentrations, plant and microbial communities depend on abiotic and biotic processes to acquire P. We explored the seasonality and relative importance of drivers controlling the fluctuation of common P pools via processes such as litter production and decomposition, and soil phosphatase activity. Methods We analyzed intra-annual variation of tropical soil phosphorus pools using a modified Hedley sequential fractionation scheme. In addition, we measured litterfall, the mobilization of P from litter and soil extracellular phosphatase enzyme activity and tested their relation to fluctuations in P- fractions. Results Our results showed clear patterns of seasonal variability of soil P fractions during the year. We found that modeled P released during litter decomposition was positively related to change in organic P fractions, while net change in organic P fractions was negatively related to phosphatase activities in the top 5 cm. Conclusion We conclude that input of P by litter decomposition and potential soil extracellular phosphatase activity are the two main factors related to seasonal soil P fluctuations, and therefore the P economy in P impoverished soils. Organic soil P followed a clear seasonal pattern, indicating tight cycling of the nutrient, while reinforcing the importance of studying soil P as an integrated dynamic system in a tropical forest context.

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