scholarly journals Susceptibility of Atta sexdens worker ants treated with the immunosuppressant Sandimmun Neoral to Metarhizium anisopliae

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Silvestre Pereira Dornelas ◽  
Renato de Almeida Sarmento ◽  
Marçal Pedro-Neto ◽  
Daniella Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Gil Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Sandimmun Neoral ◽  
And Control

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate if the immunosuppressant Sandimmun Neoral enhances the activity of Metarhizium anisopliae against the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens. The vulnerability to the pathogen was measured by comparing the mortality rate of worker ants subjected to the following treatments: immunosuppressant+control, immunosuppressant+M. anisopliae, excipient+control, excipient+M. anisopliae, control+M. anisopliae, and control. Worker ants treated with immunosuppressant+M. anisopliae showed the highest mortality rate in comparison with those subjected to all other treatments. The use of the immunosuppressant together with entomopathogenic fungus controlled leaf-cutting ants in laboratory conditions.

Toxic effects of leaves of Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) to laboratory nests of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José A. Hebling ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Maroti ◽  
Odair Correa Bueno ◽  
Osvaldo Aulino da Silva ◽  
Fernando Carlos Pagnocca
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Atta Sexdens Rubropilosa ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
The Mean

AbstractLaboratory nests of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel fed daily with leaves of Ricinus communis showed a gradual decrease in fungal garden volume, a higher ant mortality rate, and fungal garden extinction after 6 weeks. The mean oxygen consumption rate of these ants was higher than that of control ants collected from nests fed with leaves of Eucalyptus alba (Myrtaceae) suggesting one or more components of the leaves of R. communis had a direct physiological effect on the ants, in addition to inhibiting fungal garden growth.

Social Carrying and Defensive Behavior During Colony Emigration in the Leaf-cutting Ant Atta sexdens

Sociobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 492
Author(s):  
Lohan Valadares ◽  
Fábio S. Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
Defensive Behavior ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fungus Garden ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Defensive Strategies ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Nesting Site ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
First Time

In this work, we describe for the first time and under laboratory conditions, the behaviors related to social carrying and defensive strategies during colony emigration in the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens. Once colonies were laid on a tray under suboptimal conditions, groups of workers aggregated all over the body surface of the queen and brood, with mandibles half open and legs widely open in a ‘entangle’ formation. Queens were the first caste to be reallocated, followed respectively by the transportation of brood, newly-emerged workers, and pieces of fungus garden to the new nesting site. Contrary to what have been reported to the Myrmicinae species, adult transport followed a stereotyped sequence of acts involving approach, seize and transportation of newly-emerged workers to new target areas. Our results suggest that, in front of rapid unfavorable changes, leaf-cutting ants are capable of reorganize the nest in order to protect their members and resources.

scholarly journals Fungos Filamentosos Associados às Espécies Atta sexdens (Linnaeus) e Atta laevigata (F. Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Silvestre Pereira Dornelas ◽  
Renato de Almeida Sarmento ◽  
Gil Rodrigues Dos Santos ◽  
Mariela Otoni Nascimento ◽  
Danival José De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Atta Laevigata ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Resumo. As formigas-cortadeiras, Atta e Acromyrmex, são consideradas as principais pragas no sistema agroflorestal da Região Neotropical. Isso porque cortam material vegetal que servirá de alimento ao fungo simbionte que elas cultivam.  Diversos fungos, que ocorrem em condições naturais no solo, podem ser encontrados associados às formigas-cortadeiras, muitos deles comprovadamente entomopatogênicos. No entanto, esses agentes não têm sido usados em programa de controle biológico dessas formigas. O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar e identificar fungos filamentosos associados às operárias de Atta sexdens e Atta laevigata e testar sua patogenicidade contra operárias da formiga A. sexdens. Para isolamento dos fungos, foi coletado um total de 180 operárias forrageadoras em seis colônias (30 por colônia), sendo 90 de A. sexdens e 90 de A. laevigata. Dentre os fungos isolados das operárias de A. sexdens,foram identificados Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin, Aspergillus flavus Link, Acremonium sp. 1, Aspergillus sp.1, Colletotrichum sp. e Acremonium sp. 2. Os fungos encontrados em associação com as operárias da A. laevigata foram Mucor sp., Aspergillus flavus,  Fusarium solani (Martius) Saccardo, A. niger van Tieghem. A patogenicidade de três desses fungos (A. flavus, A. niger e M. anisopliae) foi testada em operárias de A. sexdens. Nos testes com A. niger e M. anisopliae, o tempo para causar mortalidade de 50% das operárias foi de cinco dias (TL50 = 5 dias) e, nos dois casos, o TL50 foi significativamente inferior ao tratamento controle. Assim, testes devem prosseguir com esses isolados que apresentam potencial no uso do controle biológico das formigas-cortadeiras.Filamentous Fungi Associated With Atta sexdens (Linnaeus) and Atta laevigata (F. Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)Abstract. Leaf-cutting ants, Atta and Acromyrmex genera, are considered major pests in a neotropical agroforestry system because they cut plant material that will serve as food for the symbiotic fungus cultivated by them. Several fungi naturally occurring in the soil can be found associated with leaf-cutting ants, many of them are demonstrably entomopathogenic. However, these agents have not been used as biological control of leaf-cutting ants. The aim of this study was to isolate and to identify filamentous fungi associated with forage workers of Atta sexdens (Linnaeus) and Atta laevigata (F. Smith) and to test their pathogenicity against workers from laboratory colonies. To isolate filamentous fungi, it was collected a total of 180 forage workers (30 in each colony) in six field colonies, 90 of A. sexdens and 90 workers of A. laevigata. Six fungi species from A. sexdens were isolated and identified: Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin, Aspergillus flavus Link, Acremonium sp. 1, Aspergillus sp. 1, Colletotrichum sp. and Acremonium sp. 2. In A. laevigata, it was found four species: Mucor sp., Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani (Martius) Saccardo, Aspergillus niger van Tieghem. Three of these fungi were selected for pathogenicity tests against workers of the leaf-cutting ant A. sexdens: A. flavus, A. niger and M. anisopliae. The LT50 (time to cause 50% mortality of workers) in tests with A. niger and M. anisopliae were five days and significantly lower than the control group. Therefore, further tests should proceed with those isolates to demonstrate their potential use in the biological control of leaf-cutting ants.

scholarly journals Initial development and production of CO2 in colonies of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens during the claustral foundation

Sociobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Da Silva Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Leaf Cutting

Queens in the genus Atta are solely responsible for fungus cultivation and for care of herself and her offspring. Only few studies have investigated their nests in the claustral foundation and it is unknown the production rate of expelled carbon dioxide and/or of oxygen consumption in the initial colonies of leaf-cutting ants. Thus, we have studied the development of 50 initial colonies of Atta sexdens, and production of expelled carbon dioxide under laboratory conditions. The number of eggs was counted one week after nest foundation on the seventh day, the larvae counted on day 28, and the pupae between days 42 and 49. The workers emerged on the 63rd and 70th day. The CO2 concentration increased steeply in the 42nd days (20.60 ± 8.36%) and 49th days (15,37 ± 13,11 %), at 42nd days,  and subsequently returned to lower values, for example, 3.35±2.84% at week seven. The present study is the first to present CO2 emission data in initial nests, in their claustral foundation under laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Insecticidal Activities of Four Native Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana Bals. (Vuill) Isolates Against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Adults Under Laboratory Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Seher Uçar ◽  
Turgut Atay ◽  
Yusuf Yanar
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Work Control ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae ◽  
Insecticidal Activities

In this work, control capacity of the four isolates (GN22-1, HP15, HP5-2, HP3-1) of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Bals. (Vuill) were evaluated against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) adults under laboratory conditions. To test the effect of each of the isolate on adults of T. castaneum were dipped into 1×108 conidia/ml suspension of each isolate. The data for mortality was recorded after 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th, 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, 21st, and 23rd day. Thirteen days after application, isolates were listed as GN22-1 (72.85%), HP3-1 (48.88%), HP15 (47.37%) and HP5-2 (30.43%) based on the mortality rate they caused. Mortality rate was 83.52% at the end of the 23rd day with isolate GN22-1. While HP3-1 (53.74%) and HP15 (52.24%) caused more than 50% effect at the end of 23 days incubation period, the effect of HP5-2 remained only 32.51%. In addition, LT50 and LT90 rates were also determined. We arrive to the conclusion that especially GN22-1 isolate can has a potential in the control of this insect and may serve an alternative to chemical insecticides.

Antibiotic-producing bacteria associated with the nests of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Silva-Junior ◽  
CR Paludo ◽  
FS Nascimento ◽  
CR Currie ◽  
J Clardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Atta Sexdens Rubropilosa ◽  
Leaf Cutting

scholarly journals Effects of some bioinsecticides on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alime Bayindir Erol ◽  
Oktay Erdoğan ◽  
İsmail Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Verticillium Lecanii ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Tomato Leaf Miner

Abstract Background In this study, commercial bioinsecticides including entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Verticillium lecanii, and Spinetoram active ingredient insecticide were evaluated against the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) larvae. Main body The active ingredients were prepared at the recommended concentrations under laboratory conditions and applied to the 2nd instar larvae of T. absoluta by spraying with a hand sprayer. On the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days of the application, evaluations were made by counting survived individuals. The findings showed that the highest mortality rates were detected in the case of Spinetoram with 56, 60, 88, and 100% on all counting days of the experiments, respectively. The highest mortality rate among bioinsecticides was recorded for M. anisopliae, with 87% mortality on the 7th day of application. Short conclusion As a result, Spinetoram was found the most effective insecticide when applied to T. absoluta, followed by M. anisopliae.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document