scholarly journals Morphological analysis of the corneal endothelium in eyes of dogs using specular microscopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
João A.T. Pigatto ◽  
Cristine Cerva ◽  
Cesar D. Freire ◽  
Fernando C. Abib ◽  
Luciano P. Bellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Human Cornea ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Peripheral Cornea ◽  
Specular Microscope ◽  
Healthy Eyes ◽  
Number Of Cells

Both healthy eyes of 10 six-year-old male and female mongrel dogs were studied. With a contact specular microscope the corneal endothelium was examined. Endothelial cells were analyzed in the central and peripheral cornea. Morphological analysis with regard to polymegathism and pleomorphism was performed. Three images of each region with at least 100 cells were obtained. The analysis showed that polygonal cells formed a mosaic-like pattern uniform in size and shape. The predominant number of cells was hexagonal. The polymegathism index was 0.22. The study demonstrates that the morphology of the normal corneal endothelial cells of dogs is similar to that found in the human cornea.

scholarly journals Specular microscopic observations of the corneal endothelium in the normal rabbit

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Montanaro Sailstad ◽  
R. L. Peiffer
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Cells

Endothelial specular microscopy and pachometry were performed on both eyes of 14 young adult New Zealand white rabbits with clinically normal eyes. Endothelial cells of the central corneas formed a mosaic-like pattern of homogenous hexagonal cells with a mean diameter of 20·6 ± 1·0, μm sd. The mean number of cells per mm was 2998 ± 326 sd and the mean corneal thickness was 0·38 ± 0·02 mm sd.

Endothelial cell density and characterization of corneal endothelial cells in the Tawny Owl (Strix aluco ) using specular microscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Natàlia Coyo ◽  
Marta Leiva ◽  
Daniel Costa ◽  
Rafael Molina ◽  
Olga Nicolás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tawny Owl ◽  
Strix Aluco

scholarly journals Morphology of endothelial cells from different regions of the cornea of dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Stieven Hünning ◽  
Maria Cristina Caldart de Andrade ◽  
André Carissimi ◽  
João Pigatto
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Central Cornea ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Healthy Eyes

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphology of endothelial cells from different areas of the cornea of dogs. Twenty healthy eyes from 10 dogs, females or males, of different ages were studied. Corneal endothelium morphology of superior, inferior, central, nasal and temporal areas was assessed by 0.2% alizarin red staining using an optic microscope. One hundred endothelial cells from each corneal area were analyzed. In all areas of the cornea studied were found endothelial cells with four sides, five sides, six sides and seven sides. There was no significant difference regarding endothelial cell morphology in all corneal regions evaluated. Thus, the morphology of the central cornea area represents the entire endothelial mosaic and may be applied to peripheral areas. Therefore, analysis of the central area is sufficient to estimate the shape of endothelial cells of peripheral areas of healthy dog corneas.

scholarly journals The Effect of Phacoemulsification on Corneal Endothelial Cells Morphology and Thickness

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Elaziz Mohamed Elmadina ◽  
Raghda Faisal Abdelfatah ◽  
Saif Hassan Alrasheed ◽  
Mustafa Abdu ◽  
Manzoor Ahmad Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
P Value ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Before And After

Purpose:  To compare the corneal endothelial cells morphology and central corneal thickness (CCT) before and after phacoemulsification in Sudanese population. Place and Duration of Study:  Al-Neelain eye hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, from January 2018 to May 2018. Study Design:  Observational longitudinal study. Methods:  One hundred and forty eyes of 140 patients with immature senile cataract were selected by convenient sampling. The age ranged from 40 to 85 years. The patients underwent complete ocular examination including morphology of corneal endothelial cells and CCT using computerized non-contact specular microscope. Inclusion criteria for the study was eyes with normal corneal endothelial cells and cell density more than 1000 cells/mm2. We excluded patients with ocular or systemic diseases, previous history of intraocular surgery, refractive surgery or trauma as well as contact lenses wear. The patients underwent phacoemulsification by a single surgeon. The examination parameters were repeated one month after surgery. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows Version 21.0. Results:  There was significant reduction in mean endothelial cells density after phacoemulsification compared to baseline with p < 0.001. There was also significant post-operative reduction in mean endothelial cells number as compared to baseline (P value < 0.001). Mean endothelial cells hexagonality was reduced after surgery with P value of 0.003. No significant difference was found between mean coefficient variation of endothelial cells size before and after phacoemulsification (P = 0.55). Central corneal thickness showed significant increase post-operatively, P = 0.003. Conclusion:  Phacoemulsification causes significant damage to corneal endothelium cells, including decrease in corneal endothelial cell density, hexagonality and cell number. Key Words:  Corneal endothelium, Endothelial cell density, Central corneal thickness, Phacoemulsification.

scholarly journals Morphology of Endothelial Cells from Different Regions of the Swine Cornea

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lídia Luzia Clerot ◽  
Paula Stieven Hünning ◽  
Marcelle Bettio ◽  
Marcela Torikachvili ◽  
Michelle Beck Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Microscope Slide ◽  
Large White ◽  
Alizarin Red

Background: The corneal endothelium is a monolayer of polygonal cells which constitute the last layer of the cornea. The integrity of this layer is critical to cornea transparency. The characterization of normal corneal endothelial morphology is important not only to clinical evaluation but also to selection of areas of the cornea with better quality to be employed as donor tissue. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the morphology of endothelial cells from different regions of the swine cornea after alizarin red staining using optical microscopy.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty-four healthy eyes from 12 swine Large White breed, with 14-month-old, males or females obtained from a licensed Brazilian commercial slaughterhouse were studied. Immediately after humane slaughter, the eyes were enucleated and submitted to ophthalmic examination. Eyes with signs of diseases of the anterior segment were excluded. The cornea, with 3 mm of the sclera, was removed and placed on a glass microscope slide with the endothelial side up. Four radial incisions were made in the periphery of the cornea to better accommodate the cornea on the microscope slide. Alizarin red was diluted in isotonic solution (0.2 g/100 mL) and the pH was adjusted to 4.2 with hydrochloric acid. Three drops of alizarin red were placed on the corneal endothelium. After 90 s, the dye was removed from the cornea with balanced saline solution. The corneal endothelium was examined and photographed using an optical microscope. All evaluations were performed by the same investigator. Photomicrographs were taken of central, superior, inferior, nasal and temporal corneal areas. Parameter studied included endothelial cell morphology. For the statistical analysis, was employed the ANOVA variance test (repeated measures). Differences were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. Normal endothelium cells were mainly hexagonal (83.7%), pentagonal (7.45%) and heptagonal (8.8%), with a minimal number of cells of other shapes present. There were no significant statistical differences in the proportion of the morphology and the different regions of the cornea (P = 0.31).Discussion: Different techniques are available for the analysis of corneal endothelium, including mainly scanning electron microscopy, specular microscopy and optical microscopy. The analysis of the morphology of corneal endothelium with an optic microscope after staining with alizarin red has been described as an effective, rapid and cost-efficient method, since this dye blends the borated cells, allowing identification. In the present study, using optical microscopy and coloration with alizarin red it was possible to explore and to obtain images of the swine endothelium of all regions of the cornea.  The analysis of the cellular morphology or the percentage of hexagonal cells are among the main parameters used to evaluate the health of the corneal endothelium. In this study, the endothelium had the predominance of the hexagonal shape in all regions studied. In swine, there are no studies evaluating the shape of the endothelial cells in the five different regions of the cornea. This study has demonstrated that the parameters evaluated in swine did not differ significantly between the various places of the cornea.

scholarly journals NAD+ precursors protect corneal endothelial cells from UVB-induced apoptosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (4) ◽  
pp. C796-C805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Zhao ◽  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Haoyun Duan ◽  
Zongyi Li ◽  
Yanni Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Edema ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Subconjunctival Injection ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Excessive exposure of the eye to ultraviolet B light (UVB) leads to corneal edema and opacification because of the apoptosis of the corneal endothelium. Our previous study found that nicotinamide (NIC), the precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), could inhibit the endothelial-mesenchymal transition and accelerate healing the wound to the corneal endothelium in the rabbit. Here we hypothesize that NIC may possess the capacity to protect the cornea from UVB-induced endothelial apoptosis. Therefore, a mouse model and a cultured cell model were used to examine the effect of NAD+ precursors, including NIC, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), and NAD, on the UVB-induced apoptosis of corneal endothelial cells (CECs). The results showed that UVB irradiation caused apparent corneal edema and cell apoptosis in mice, accompanied by reduced levels of NAD+ and its key biosynthesis enzyme, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), in the corneal endothelium. However, the subconjunctival injection of NIC, NMN, or NAD+ effectively prevented UVB-induced tissue damage and endothelial cell apoptosis in the mouse cornea. Moreover, pretreatment using NIC, NMN, and NAD+ increased the survival rate and inhibited the apoptosis of cultured human CECs irradiated by UVB. Mechanistically, pretreatment using nicotinamide (NIC) recovered the AKT activation level and decreased the BAX/BCL-2 ratio. In addition, the capacity of NIC to protect CECs was fully reversed in the presence of the AKT inhibitor LY294002. Therefore, we conclude that NAD+ precursors can effectively prevent the apoptosis of the corneal endothelium through reactivating AKT signaling; this represents a potential therapeutic approach for preventing UVB-induced corneal damage.

scholarly journals Myh11 Lineage Corneal Endothelial Cells and ASCs Populate Corneal Endothelium

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (15) ◽  
pp. 5095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Corliss ◽  
H. Clifton Ray ◽  
Corbin Mathews ◽  
Kathleen Fitzgerald ◽  
Richard W. Doty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells

scholarly journals Endothelial trauma in the surgery of cataract

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Djurovic
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Random Number ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Operative Trauma ◽  
Random Number Table ◽  
Complications Rate ◽  
Type Of Surgery ◽  
Specular Microscope

Cataract surgery is most common in human surgery and comprises 80% of eye surgery programs. Owing to sophisticated technologies, it has become a routine surgery with lowered complications rate; hence, the functional outcome is more conditioned by operative trauma. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the significance of specular microscopy in the evaluation of operative trauma during extra-capsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification (P), in a controlled environment. The study included 100 consecutive patients who met the established criteria, and groups were formed according to the type of surgery by the assignment of successive numbers from a random number table. Examination and photographs of the corneal endothelium, as well as pachymetry were performed on Keeler-Konan Poclington Specular Microscope (KSP). The obtained results revealed significant dissimilarity in endothelial cell reduction (9.17% in group E, and 4.72% in group P), which generated statistically significant correlation of pre-operative and post-operative pachymetry in the group E (p=0.0004). On the basis of the results obtained by specular microscopy, it was concluded that under the same conditions phacoemulsification caused reduced operative trauma of the corneal endothelium.

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