Electrical field stimulation improves bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of the methanolic extract of plantGlycyrrhiza glabraroots on bone mineral density and femoral bone strength of ovariectomized rats.Methods: Thirty 10-month-old Wistar rats were randomly separated into three groups of ten, Control, Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza in their drinking water. Total and proximal tibial bone mineral density was measured in all groups before ovariectomy (baseline) and after 3 and 6 months post ovariectomy. Three-point-bending of the femurs and uterine weight and histology were examined at the end of the study.Results: No significant difference was noted in bone density percentage change of total tibia from baseline to 3 months between Control and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza groups (+5.31% ± 4.75 and +3.30% ± 6.31 respectively,P = non significant), and of proximal tibia accordingly (+5.58% ± 6.92 and +2.61% ± 13.62,P = non significant) demonstrating a strong osteoprotective effect. There was notable difference in percentage change of total tibia from baseline to 6 months between groups Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza (−13.03% ± 5.11 and −0.84% ± 7.63 respectively,P < 0.005), and of proximal tibia accordingly (−27.9% ± 3.69 and −0.81% ± 14.85 respectively,P < 0.001), confirming the protective effect ofGlycyrrhiza glabraextract in preserving bone density of the Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza group. Three-point-bending did not reveal any statistically significant difference between Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza groups. Uterine weights of the Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza group ranged between the other two groups with no statistically significant difference to each.Conclusions:Glycyrrhiza glabraroot extract notably protected tibial bone mineral density loss in Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza rats in comparison with ovariectomized rats, but did not improve biomechanical strength.

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Recovery Effects of a 180 mT Static Magnetic Field on Bone Mineral Density of Osteoporotic Lumbar Vertebrae in Ovariectomized Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2011/620984 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Shenzhi Xu ◽

Hideyuki Okano ◽

Naohide Tomita ◽

Yoshito Ikada

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Static Magnetic Field ◽

Lumbar Vertebrae ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Female Rats ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Mineral Density

The effects of a moderate-intensity static magnetic field (SMF) on osteoporosis of the lumbar vertebrae were studied in ovariectomized rats. A small disc magnet (maximum magnetic flux density 180 mT) was implanted to the right side of spinous process of the third lumbar vertebra. Female rats in the growth stage (10 weeks old) were randomly divided into 4 groups: (i) ovariectomized and implanted with a disc magnet (SMF); (ii) ovariectomized and implanted with a nonmagnetized disc (sham); (iii) ovariectomized alone (OVX) and (vi) intact, nonoperated cage control (CTL). The blood serum 17--estradiol (E2) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay, and the bone mineral density (BMD) values of the femurs and the lumbar vertebrae were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The E2concentrations were statistically significantly lower for all three operated groups than those of the CTL group at the 6th week. Although there was no statistical significant difference in the E2concentrations between the SMF-exposed and sham-exposed groups, the BMD values of the lumbar vertebrae proximal to the SMF-exposed area statistically significantly increased in the SMF-exposed group than in the sham-exposed group. These results suggest that the SMF increased the BMD values of osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae in the ovariectomized rats.

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Effects of dihydrotestosterone alone and combined with estrogen on bone mineral density, bone growth, and formation rates in ovariectomized rats

Bone ◽

10.1016/8756-3282(96)00135-4 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 107-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

V. Coxam ◽

B.M. Bowman ◽

M. Mecham ◽

C.M. Roth ◽

M.A. Miller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Mineral Density

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Magnesium Supplementation through Seaweed Calcium Extract Rather than Synthetic Magnesium Oxide Improves Femur Bone Mineral Density and Strength in Ovariectomized Rats

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-011-9073-2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 144 (1-3) ◽

pp. 992-1002 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yun Jung Bae ◽

So Young Bu ◽

Jae Young Kim ◽

Jee-Young Yeon ◽

Eun-Wha Sohn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Magnesium Oxide ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Magnesium Supplementation ◽

Femur Bone

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Short- and long-term effects of calcium and exercise on bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2001428 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 521-527 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Joseé Gala ◽

Manuel Di´az-curiel ◽

Concepcioó de la Piedra ◽

Jesu´s Calero

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Exercise Programme ◽

Female Rats ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Left Femur ◽

Ovx Rats

At the level of prevention of bone mineral loss produced by ovariectomy, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect produced by supplementation of Ca in the diet and a moderate exercise programme (treadmill), simultaneously or separately, in ovariectomized rats, an experimental model of postmenopausal bone loss. Female Wistar rats (n110, 15 weeks old) were divided into five groups: (1) OVX, rats ovariectomized at 15 weeks of age, fed a standard diet; (2) SHAM, rats sham operated at 15 weeks of age, fed a standard diet; (3) OVX–EX, ovariectomized rats, fed a standard diet and performing the established exercise programme; (4) OVX–Ca, ovariectomized rats fed a diet supplemented with Ca; (5) OVX–EXCa, ovariectomized rats with the exercise programme and diet supplemented with Ca. The different treatments were initiated 1 week after ovariectomy and were continued for 13 weeks for subgroup 1 and 28 weeks for subgroup 2, to look at the interaction of age and time passed from ovariectomy on the treatments. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined, at the end of the study, in the lumbar spine (L2, L3 and L4) and in the left femur using a densitometer. Bone turnover was also estimated at the end of the study, measuring the serum formation marker total alkaline phosphatase (AP) and the resorption marker serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). As expected, OVX rats showed a significant decrease (P<0·05) in BMD, more pronounced in subgroup 2, and a significant increase in AP and TRAP with regard to their respective SHAM group. The simultaneous treatment with Ca and exercise produced the best effects on lumbar and femoral BMD of ovariectomized rats, partially avoiding bone loss produced by ovariectomy, although it was not able to fully maintain BMD levels of intact animals. This combined treatment produced a significant increase in AP, both in subgroups 1 and 2, and a decrease in TRAP in subgroup 1, with regard to OVX group. The exercise treatment alone was able to produce an increase in BMD with regard to OVX group only in subgroup 1 of rats (younger animals and less time from ovariectomy), but not in subgroup 2. In agreement with this, there was an increase of AP in both subgroups, lower than that observed in animals submitted to exercise plus Ca supplement, and a decrease of TRAP in subgroup 1, without significant changes in this marker in the older rats. Ca treatment did not produce any significant effect on BMD in OVX rats in both subgroups of animals, showing a decrease of AP and TRAP levels in the younger animals with no significant variations in markers of bone remodelling in the older female rats compared with their respective OVX group.

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