Growth analysis of Fafia in relation to the propagation method used

A trial was carried out in Campinas, Brazil, from August 2005 to August 2006, in order to analyze the effect of two propagation methods (seeds and cuttings) on the development of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen. The experimental design was a completely randomized block, with five replications, and two methods of plant propagation. Plant height, aerial part dry mass and root dry mass were evaluated. Plants propagated from cuttings showed greater accumulation of dry mass on the aerial part. Root dry mass accumulation curves showed an exponential pattern, and at the end of the experimental period, the average of roots dry mass for both treatments were similar, up to 349,65 g plant-1.

Download Full-text

Development of Plants in Combination of Products Associated with the Inoculation in the Soybeans Seeds Treatment

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n9p123 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Everton Vinicius Zambiazzi ◽

Adriano Teodoro Bruzi ◽

Frederico Dellano Souza Silva ◽

Eric Vinicius Vieira Silva ◽

Alan Mario Zuffo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Root Mass ◽

Root Volume ◽

Foliar Nitrogen ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Shoot Mass

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different combinations of products applied through seed treatment, associated with the inoculation, in the development of soybean plants. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Federal University of Lavras (UFLA). The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with four repetitions in a factorial 4 × 11, being four soybean cultivars and 11 combinations of products associated with the inoculation in the treatment of seeds. At the stage (R1) it was evaluated: plant height, leaf area, foliar chlorophyll content, number of trifoliate leaves, dry shoot mass, dry root mass, root length, root volume, nodules total number, viable nodules total number, nodules dry mass and foliar nitrogen content. The combination of products in the treatment of seeds, do not present phytotoxic effects in the characters related to the development, except for dry matter of aerial part and root volume. The combination of products in treatment of seeds influences negatively the nodulation, especially in the treatments with presence of nematicide. The inoculation performed in isolation or combined with fungicide and insecticide (I+FI) maintains nodule levels.

Download Full-text

Growth and mineral composition of Jatropha curcasL.under phosphate fertilization and soil compaction

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2021.v17.n4.a445 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 14-22

Author(s):

Tiago Mendes Rodrigues ◽

Dilermando Dourado Pacheco ◽

Tatiane Carla Silva ◽

Jair Henrique de Castro ◽

Gildarley Costa da Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Dry Biomass ◽

Phosphate Fertilization ◽

Mass Accumulation

The present work aimed to quantify the growth of young physic nut plants submitted to variations in phosphorus (P) and specific masses of a Red Yellow Latosol soil. Previously, a soil sample was collected in the 20 to 40 cm layer, making sure in the laboratory the low availability of P - 1.4 mg dm-3 - to apply the treatments of interest. Doses of 0, 106 and 318 mg dm-3 of P were applied, using the simple superphosphate source; and the soils were compacted until reaching specific soil masses equal to 1.53; 1.72 and 1.91 kg dm-3, in a complete factorial scheme, totaling nine treatments. The cultivation was carried out in pots and the dry biomass of the aerial part of the physic nut and its parts fractionated in the stem, leaves adhered to the stem and senescent leaves were determined. The contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn were determined, and from the dry mass accumulation data, the contents of these minerals in the plants were quantified. The statistical analysis of the data consisted of analysis of variance, Tukey average test and regression analysis. In general, the mineral composition characteristics of the plants showed a more pronounced response to phosphate fertilization compared to the tested physical compression. The maximum estimated mineral content in physic nut plants was 51.78 mg of P; 463.37 mg of K; 201.84 mg of Ca; 124.18 mg of Mg; 76.17 µg of Cu; 4,254.07 µg of Fe; 18,787.15 µg of Mn and 769,97 µg of Zn.

Download Full-text

DOSES DE POTÁSSIO E LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NA QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE EUCALIPTO

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v8i5.10146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 643-649

Author(s):

Antonio Henrique Cordeiro Ramalho ◽

Fernanda Dalfior Maffioletti ◽

Paulo André Trazzi ◽

Eduardo Cordeiro Ramalho ◽

Nilton Cesar Fiedler

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Genetic Potential ◽

Base Substrate

A produtividade florestal depende das potencialidades genéticas das matrizes, do ambiente proposto pelos substratos, frequência de irrigação, disponibilidade de luz, nutrição e das condições fitossanitárias. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente estudo analisar os efeitos da aplicação de potássio e de irrigação na qualidade de mudas de Eucalyptus urophylla. Para tal adotou-se o delineamento experimental em parcelas subdivididas definindo as 2 lâminas de irrigação (10 mm e 15 mm) como parcelas e os 5 níveis de potássio (0; 1,2; 2,4; 4,8; e 9,6 g L-1) como subparcelas, em 5 repetições compostas por 9 plantas. A comparação entre os métodos foi feita através teste de Tukey com 5% de probabilidade. Aos 120 dias, foram avaliadas: altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do colo, massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz. O tratamento testemunha apresentou as melhores médias em todos os parâmetros, sendo considerado o mais eficiente. A lâmina de irrigação de 15 mm foi considerada a mais eficiente. Portanto, conclui-se que qualquer que seja o incremento de potássio na produção de mudas, o mesmo deve se relacionar harmonicamente com a quantidade pré-existente no substrato base e com as exigências da cultura, de maneira que haja equilíbrio entre todas as partes. Palavras-chave: manejo hídrico; rustificação; substrato; casa de sombra. IRRIGATION AND POTASSIUM LEVELS IN THE QUALITY OF EUCALYPTUS ABSTRACT: Forest productivity depends on the genetic potential of the matrices, the environment proposed by the substrates, frequency of irrigation, availability of light, nutrition and phytosanitary conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of potassium and irrigation on the quality of Eucalyptus urophylla seedlings. For this purpose, the experimental design was adopted in subdivided plots, defining the 2 layers of irrigation (10 mm and 15 mm) as plots and the 5 levels of potassium (0; 1.2; 2.4; 4.8; and 9.6 g L-1) as subplots, in 5 repetitions composed of 8 plants. The comparison between the methods was made using the Tukey test with a 5% probability. At 120 days, the following were evaluated: height of the aerial part, diameter of the neck, dry mass of the aerial part and the root. The control treatment showed the best averages in all parameters, being considered the most efficient. The 15 mm irrigation blade was considered the most efficient. Therefore, it is concluded that whatever the potassium increase in the production of seedlings, it must be harmoniously related to the pre-existing quantity in the base substrate and to the requirements of the culture, so that there is balance between all parts. Keywords: water management; rustification; substrate; shadow house.

Download Full-text

EFFECT OF NITROGEN ON THE ACCUMULATION AND REUTILIZATION OF DRY MASS IN GRAIN SORGHUM

AGROFOR ◽

10.7251/agreng1901050k ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Svetla KOSTADINOVA ◽

Zivko TODOROV ◽

Ivan VELINOV

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Nitrogen Rate ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Translocation Efficiency ◽

Mass Accumulation

Accumulation and reutilization of dry mass until anthesis and during a grain fillingperiod of sorghum in response to nitrogen fertilization in rates 0, 60, 120, 180, 240and 300 kg N.ha-1 was studied in a field experiment. Grain sorghum hybrid ECAlize was grown under not- irrigated conditions in the experimental field ofAgricultural University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The experimental design was arandomized, complete block design with four replications with a size ofexperimental plots of 20 m2 after wheat as predecessor. Standard farming practicesfor the region of Southern Bulgaria were applied. It was established that nitrogenfertilization significantly increased the amount of accumulated dry mass at anthesisand total above ground dry mass at maturity compared to N0. Not significant effectof higher rates (180, 240 and 300 kg N.ha-1) on the dry mass accumulation ofsorghum was found. Average post anthesis net dry mass accumulation was 3291kg.ha-1 and its amount increased in parallel with the nitrogen rate up to N180. Thehighest dry mass translocation, translocation efficiency, and contribution of preanthesisassimilations of the grain was established at nitrogen rate N120 with values2073 kg.ha-1, 25.0 % and 41,8 %, respectively. Growth of sorghum at highernitrogen rates N180, N240, N300 significantly decreased efficiency of dry masstranslocation and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain. Nitrogenfertilization had very strong negative correlation with dry mass translocationefficiency (-0.860*) and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain (-0.863*). Very strong positive correlation (0.988**) was found between dry masstranslocation efficiency and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain.

Download Full-text

Growth, nutrient accumulation and export by heliconia ‘Red Opal’

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v22i3.954 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 335 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Kenji Taniguchi ◽

Ana Cecilia Ribeiro de Castro ◽

Tiago Freitas Silva ◽

Elane Bezerra da Silva ◽

Thaís Da Silva Martins

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Plant Nutrient ◽

Nutrient Accumulation ◽

Initial Development ◽

Nutrient Demand ◽

Flower Stem ◽

Plant Sampling ◽

The Cost ◽

Mass Accumulation

Synchronizing the timing of fertilizer applications with plant nutrient demand increases the nutritional efficiency and decrease the cost of production. The objective of this study was to determine the growth and the nutrient uptake and export by heliconia ‘Red Opal’. The experiment was carried out in a shade house and Heliconia psittacorum ‘Red Opal’ rhizomes were planted in soil classified as Arenic Kandinstults. The experimental design was completely randomized with nine plant sampling (zero; 30; 90; 150; 210; 270; 330; 390 and 450 days after planting) and five replicates. Leaves, sheathing leaf bases, flower stem, rhizomes and roots were collected every sampling and dry mass and nutrients accumulation were determined. Heliconia plants showed slow initial development but from the 210 days of planting, which corresponds with the beginning of the flower stem harvest there is a marked increase in dry mass accumulation. Nutrient accumulation followed the decreasing order: K > N = Ca > P = Mg > S > Fe = Mn > Zn > Cu = B. Potassium and calcium were the most exported macronutrients by heliconia flower stem and among the micronutrients, manganese was the most exported.

Download Full-text

Calculation of the ideal plot size for experiments using eucalyptus

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i8.5712 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Beatriz Garcia Lopes ◽

Glaucia Amorim Faria ◽

Kátia Luciene Maltoni ◽

Paula Suares Rocha ◽

Gabriela Lozano Olivério ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Experimental Error ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Experimental Planning ◽

Plot Size ◽

Cultivation Process ◽

The Ideal

An adequate experimental planning depends on several factors, such as homogeneity of the area and experimental unity, number of repetition and plot size. The adoption of an ideal plot size reduces the experimental error and, consequently, maximizes the information obtained in an experiment. Thus, the aim of the present study was to calculate the optimal plot size of eucalyptus culture in a greenhouse, in order to optimize labor and costs in the cultivation process of this economically important culture. To calculate the optimal plot size, several simulations were performed using the modified maximum curvature method. Throughout the experimental period, clonal seedlings of the Eurograndis hybrid were used and evaluated for height (H), stem diameter at the base (DB), chlorophyll content in old leaves (Chlor V) and new leaves (Chlor N) at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after seedling transplantation. After 120 days, the seedlings were collected to determine the dry mass of the aerial part (DMAP) and the root system (DMRS). Results indicated that the optimal recommended plot size for eucalyptus, in a greenhouse, were 6 plants per plot.

Download Full-text

USO DE CORRETIVOS E FERTILIZANTES EM PASTAGEM NO BIOMA AMAZÔNICO

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v6i6.6330 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 631

Author(s):

Anderson Lange ◽

Antonio Carlos Buchelt ◽

Cleris Diana Borsa ◽

Marcos Evaldo Capeletti ◽

Evandro Luiz Schoninger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Potassium Chloride ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Previous Treatment ◽

Dry Mass ◽

System Evaluation ◽

Single Superphosphate ◽

Linear Effect ◽

Calcium And Magnesium ◽

Urochloa Brizantha

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade de massa verde e seca da parte aérea e das raízes e o acúmulo de cálcio e magnésio na parte aérea de Urochloa brizantha, mediante a aplicação de doses de calcário, ou calcário e gesso agrícola acompanhados de adubação com nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P) e potássio (K). O delineamento experimental consistiu em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e sete tratamentos: T0 = 0; T1 = 0,40; T2 = 0,80; T3 = 1,60; T4 = 3,20 t ha-1 de calcário; T5 = 1,60 t ha-1 de calcário mais NPK (40 kg ha-1 de N - sulfato de amônio + 120 kg ha-1 de P2O5 - superfosfato simples e 20 kg ha-1 de K2O - cloreto de potássio) e T6 = 1,50 t ha-1 de gesso agrícola mais NPK similar ao tratamento anterior. No período de condução do experimento foram realizados oito cortes da parte aérea, duas avaliações dos teores de cálcio e bmagnésio nos tecidos e uma avaliação do sistema radicular. Houve efeito para o acúmulo de massa verde, massa seca e nos teores de cálcio e magnésio no tecido da parte aérea das plantas no primeiro corte, com destaque para o uso de calcário e gesso acompanhados de NPK. O acúmulo de raiz no perfil apresentou um efeito linear nas doses de calcário avaliadas.Palavras-chave: calcário, gesso, NPK, Urochloa brizantha. CORRECTIVES AND FERTILIZERS USE IN PASTURE IN AMAZON BIOME ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity of green and dry mass of shoots and roots and calcium and magnesium accumulation in Urochloa brizantha, by application of limestone, limestone and agricultural gypsum followed by fertilization with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with four replicates and seven treatments: T0 = 0; T1 = 0.40; T2 = 0.80; T3 = 1.60; T4 = 3.20 t ha-1 of limestone; T5 = 1.60 t ha-1 of limestone plus NPK (40 kg ha-1 of ammonium sulfate + 120 kg ha-1 of P2O5 - single superphosphate and 20 kg ha-1 of K2O - potassium chloride) and T6 = 1.50 t ha-1 of agricultural gypsum plus NPK similar to previous treatment. During the period of experiment conduction, eight aerial part samples were evaluated, two calcium and magnesium contents evaluations in tissues and one root system evaluation. There was an effect for accumulation of green mass, dry mass and calcium and magnesium contents in tissue of plants aerial part at first sample, with emphasis on use of limestone and gypsum accompanied by NPK. The root accumulation in profile showed a linear effect on limestone rates evaluated.Keywords: limestone, gypsum, NPK, Urochloa brizantha.

Download Full-text

AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND YIELD OF RADISH CULTIVARS

JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE ◽

10.32404/rean.v6i3.3345 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 6-11

Author(s):

Romário Da Silva Moreira ◽

Marlei Rosa dos Santos ◽

Ronildo Almeida de Sousa ◽

Rubenalto Da Silva Almeida ◽

Francisco De Assis Gomes Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Root Development ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Short Days

The radish is a Brassicaceae with small size, adapted to regions with mild temperatures between 13 and 20 °C and short days. However, there are cultivars adapted to high-temperature conditions, which has allowed the cultivation of this tuberous vegetable throughout the year, even in tropical regions. The present work had as objective evaluate the agronomic performance and yield of six cultivars of radish, in Uruçuí - PI. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replicates and six cultivars. Harvest was performed according to the cycle of each cultivar. Number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry mass of shoot and root, diameter, and root length and yield were evaluated. The cultivars Margaret Queen and Crimson Gigante presented better root development, both in diameter and length, and obtained higher productivity per ha, being these two the most indicated for the region. The Sparkler cultivar was one of the ones that produced the highest fresh mass of the aerial part, but it obtained lower commercial roots yield, being the least indicated for the municipality of Uruçuí-PI.

Download Full-text

Growth Analysis of Sourgrass: Does Herbicide Resistance Affect Its Development?

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n11p214 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 214

Author(s):

Fernando Storniolo Adegas ◽

Dionísio Luiz Pisa Gazziero ◽

Alexandre Ferreira da Silva ◽

Germani Concenço

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Growth Analysis ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Area Ratio ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Factor B ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Net Assimilation ◽

Mass Accumulation

Sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) is highlighted as one of the most troublesome weeds in Brazilian agriculture. The growth analysis of the species and biotypes with resistance to glyphosate are preponderant to support management strategies. In this way, the aim of this work is to compare the growth of biotypes resistant and susceptible to glyphosate, and to characterize the species growth in field conditions. The greenhouse experiment was installed in randomized blocks design, in factorial scheme 2 × 10, with eight replications. Factor A comprised the biotypes, and factor B the fortnight evaluations. The dry mass of roots, stems, leaves and shoot were assessed, besides leaf area and plant height. From these variables, the relative growth rate, net assimilation rate and leaf area ratio were calculated. For the field experiment, the same variables were assessed and the same parameters were calculated, without distinction on resistant or susceptible biotype. The biotype with resistance to glyphosate did not show adaptative disadvantages compared to the susceptible one. In this way, it is necessary to prevent the entry of resistant biotypes in cropped fields, as once established the area may not naturally return to the initial frequency of susceptible biotypes. Sourgrass shown slow initial growth and dry mass accumulation up to 42 days after emergence, indicating that control of this specie should be performed preferably before this period.

Download Full-text

Development and dry mass accumulation in callalily at the initial cultivation stage

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/s1413-70542011000600007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 1085-1092 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Daniella Nogueira Moraes Carneiro ◽

Elka Fabiana Aparecida Almeida ◽

Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira Paiva ◽

Jussara Ellen Morais Frazão ◽

Fernanda Helena de Souza Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Curves ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Coconut Fiber ◽

Calla Lily ◽

Production Techniques ◽

Basic Production ◽

Flower Quality ◽

Modified Formula ◽

Mass Accumulation

The cultivation of the calla lily, despite its importance in the floriculture sector, is still limited due to the lack of knowledge of basic production techniques such as development and dry mass accumulation. These techniques facilitate more appropriate management, especially regarding the application of fertilizers, providing better nutrients utilization and greater yields. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the growth and development of calla lily plants, establishing growth curves according to dry mass accumulation. Acclimatized and micropropagated calla lily plantlets were grown in plastic pots containing coconut fiber as a substrate and fertilized with a modified formula of Malavolta. Treatments consisted of assessments at intervals of 30 days for 7 months. The design was in randomized blocks with four replications, in a total of 28 plots. Plants were evaluated by observing their growth characteristics and development of shoots, rhizome, roots, as well as production and flower quality. Development of the plants increased throughout the experimental period, with the maximum dry mass accumulation occurring at the end of the experimental period. Blooming was constant with the length of flower stalks increasing with along with the age of the plant.

Download Full-text