Growth, nutrient accumulation and export by heliconia ‘Red Opal’

Synchronizing the timing of fertilizer applications with plant nutrient demand increases the nutritional efficiency and decrease the cost of production. The objective of this study was to determine the growth and the nutrient uptake and export by heliconia ‘Red Opal’. The experiment was carried out in a shade house and Heliconia psittacorum ‘Red Opal’ rhizomes were planted in soil classified as Arenic Kandinstults. The experimental design was completely randomized with nine plant sampling (zero; 30; 90; 150; 210; 270; 330; 390 and 450 days after planting) and five replicates. Leaves, sheathing leaf bases, flower stem, rhizomes and roots were collected every sampling and dry mass and nutrients accumulation were determined. Heliconia plants showed slow initial development but from the 210 days of planting, which corresponds with the beginning of the flower stem harvest there is a marked increase in dry mass accumulation. Nutrient accumulation followed the decreasing order: K > N = Ca > P = Mg > S > Fe = Mn > Zn > Cu = B. Potassium and calcium were the most exported macronutrients by heliconia flower stem and among the micronutrients, manganese was the most exported.

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Growth and nutrient uptake by potted foliage anthurium

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v24i3.1235 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 231-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Kenji Taniguchi ◽

Ana Cecilia Castro ◽

Adriana Guirado Artur ◽

Thaís Da Silva Martins ◽

Esraelda Amaral Araújo

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Nutritional Requirements ◽

Nutrient Accumulation ◽

Fertilization Program ◽

Initial Development ◽

Nutrient Demand ◽

Plant Sampling

Nutrient uptake study is important to understand the plant nutritional requirements during its growth and to identify periods of increased nutrient demand and, thus to establish fertilization program. The objective was to determine the growth and the nutrient uptake by potted foliage anthurium. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse and the experimental design was completely randomized with ten times of plant sampling (0; 30; 60; 90; 120; 150; 180; 240; 300; and 360 days after transplanting) and five replicates. Anthurium maricense Nadruz & Mayo seeds were germinated in polyethylene trays filled with commercial substrate and the seedlings were transplanted into plastic pots (1.16 L capacity) when reached four leaves. Plant height, leaf number and foliar area were determined every sampling. Blades with petioles, stem, inflorescence and roots were collected and dry mass and nutrients accumulation were determined. Foliage anthurium plants showed initial development but from the 180 days of planting, which corresponds with the beginning of the inflorescence emission, there was a marked increase in height, leaf area, and dry mass and nutrient accumulation. Nutrient accumulation after 360 DAT followed the decreasing order: K > Ca > N > Mg > P > S > Mn> Fe > Zn > B > Cu.

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Growth analysis of Fafia in relation to the propagation method used

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362008000300016 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 375-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

André May ◽

Odair A Bovi ◽

Nilson B Maia ◽

Andrea RA de Moraes ◽

Mariane Q Pinheiro

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Growth Analysis ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Plant Propagation ◽

Pfaffia Glomerata ◽

Accumulation Curves ◽

Propagation Methods ◽

Mass Accumulation

A trial was carried out in Campinas, Brazil, from August 2005 to August 2006, in order to analyze the effect of two propagation methods (seeds and cuttings) on the development of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen. The experimental design was a completely randomized block, with five replications, and two methods of plant propagation. Plant height, aerial part dry mass and root dry mass were evaluated. Plants propagated from cuttings showed greater accumulation of dry mass on the aerial part. Root dry mass accumulation curves showed an exponential pattern, and at the end of the experimental period, the average of roots dry mass for both treatments were similar, up to 349,65 g plant-1.

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EFFECT OF NITROGEN ON THE ACCUMULATION AND REUTILIZATION OF DRY MASS IN GRAIN SORGHUM

AGROFOR ◽

10.7251/agreng1901050k ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Svetla KOSTADINOVA ◽

Zivko TODOROV ◽

Ivan VELINOV

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Nitrogen Rate ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Translocation Efficiency ◽

Mass Accumulation

Accumulation and reutilization of dry mass until anthesis and during a grain fillingperiod of sorghum in response to nitrogen fertilization in rates 0, 60, 120, 180, 240and 300 kg N.ha-1 was studied in a field experiment. Grain sorghum hybrid ECAlize was grown under not- irrigated conditions in the experimental field ofAgricultural University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The experimental design was arandomized, complete block design with four replications with a size ofexperimental plots of 20 m2 after wheat as predecessor. Standard farming practicesfor the region of Southern Bulgaria were applied. It was established that nitrogenfertilization significantly increased the amount of accumulated dry mass at anthesisand total above ground dry mass at maturity compared to N0. Not significant effectof higher rates (180, 240 and 300 kg N.ha-1) on the dry mass accumulation ofsorghum was found. Average post anthesis net dry mass accumulation was 3291kg.ha-1 and its amount increased in parallel with the nitrogen rate up to N180. Thehighest dry mass translocation, translocation efficiency, and contribution of preanthesisassimilations of the grain was established at nitrogen rate N120 with values2073 kg.ha-1, 25.0 % and 41,8 %, respectively. Growth of sorghum at highernitrogen rates N180, N240, N300 significantly decreased efficiency of dry masstranslocation and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain. Nitrogenfertilization had very strong negative correlation with dry mass translocationefficiency (-0.860*) and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain (-0.863*). Very strong positive correlation (0.988**) was found between dry masstranslocation efficiency and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain.

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Profundidade de semeadura no desenvolvimento inicial de pseudocereais

Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável ◽

10.18378/rvads.v11i3.4269 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 182

Author(s):

Daniele Brandstetter Rodrigues ◽

Thais D'Avila Rosa ◽

Jonas Albandes Gularte ◽

Diego Cardoso de Medeiros ◽

Lilian Vanusa Madruga de Tunes

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Probability Of Error ◽

Initial Development ◽

Sowing Depth ◽

Tukey Test

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da profundidade de semeadura na emergência de plântulas de sementes de amaranto e quinoa. Foram avaliados os efeitos das profundidades de 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2,5 cm para amaranto e de 0; 1,5; 2,5; 3,5; e 4,5 cm para quinoa, obtidas por meio de anéis de pvc, com espessura equivalente a estes valores, que foram imersos no substrato para simular as profundidades de semeadura. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias, comparadas pelo teste de Tukey com 5% de probabilidade de erro. Foram realizados os testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas em bandejas, massa de matéria seca e peso de mil sementes. A profundidade de semeadura para o melhor desenvolvimento inicial indicada para amaranto é de até 1,5 cm, e para quinoa até 2,5 cm.Seeding depth in the initial development of pseudocerealsAbstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of sowing depth on emergence of amaranth and quinoa seeds seedlings. The effects of the depths of 0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.5 cm and amaranth 0; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5; quinoa and 4.5 cm, obtained from PVC rings with a thickness equivalent to these values, which were immersed in the substrate to simulate the sowing depths. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability of error. The germination tests were carried out, first count, seedling emergence on trays, dry mass and weight of a thousand seeds. The seeding depth for the initial development best suited for Amaranthus is up to 1.5 cm, and quinoa to 2.5 cm.

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Dry Matter and Macronutrient Accumulation in Digitaria insularis Biotypes Susceptible and Resistant to Glyphosate

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n4p151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 151

Author(s):

Anne Elise Cesarin ◽

Pedro Figueiredo Rocha Barbosa Martins ◽

Arthur Arrobas Martins Barroso ◽

Willians César Carrega ◽

Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Mineral Nutrition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Competitive Ability ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Nutrient Accumulation ◽

Metabolic Alterations ◽

Herbicide Resistant ◽

Inflection Points

Herbicide resistant is associated with morphological, physiological and metabolic alterations in weeds. These alterations may reflect changes in the nutritional status of resistant plants and their growth it can be inferred in greater adaptability and competitive ability of the resistant biotypes. Thus, the objective of this research was to determine the dry matter and macronutrient accumulation and distribution by glyphosate-resistant and susceptible plants of Digitaria insularis (sourgrass), growing under mineral nutrition standard conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized, with eleven treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of evaluation periods at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150 and 165 days after emergence (DAE). The average time for maximum theoretical accumulation (PtMax) and for inflection points of dry mass and macronutrient were lower for susceptible (133 DAE; 99 DAE) than for resistant biotype (141 DAE; 105 DAE). However, considering the average time obtained by susceptible, dry mass (g) and macronutrients (mg) accumulation was always higher for resistant biotype. The decreasing sequence of nutrient accumulation was similar for both sourgrass biotypes: K, N, Ca, Mg, P and S.

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Growth and accumulation of nutrients in organic jambu

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v9i2.2726 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 287-291

Author(s):

Leilson Costa Grangeiro ◽

Gilberta Carneiro Souto ◽

Valdivia Fátima Lima Sousa ◽

Jader Vieira Carneiro ◽

Jorge Luiz Alaves Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Block Design ◽

Nutrient Accumulation ◽

Purple Flower ◽

Yellow Flower ◽

Nutrient Demand ◽

Federal Institute ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Sampling Times

The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and accumulation of nutrients in accessions of organic jambu. The experiment was conducted in the didactic garden of the Federal Institute of Pará, Campus Castanhal, in the period May and June 2015. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement with four replicates. The treatments were a combination of two jambu accessions (Purple Flower and Yellow Flower) and five sampling times (10, 18, 26, 34 and 42 days after transplanting - DAT). The period of greatest growth and nutrient demand was for access to Purple Flower from 18 to 34 DAT and for the Yellow Flower from 26 to 42 DAT. Nutrient accumulation by the two accesses of jambu, in decreasing order, was: potassium, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus.

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Initial Development of Clonal Seedlings of Coffea canephora Submitted to Different Irrigation Depth

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2019/v28i330108 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

André Lucas Reboli Pagoto ◽

Vinicius De Souza Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Root System ◽

Plant Height ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Coffea Canephora ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Initial Development ◽

Irrigation Depth ◽

Different Depths

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depth on initial development of Coffea canephora seedlings. The study was carried out at the farm Perobas, in the municipality of Rio Bananal, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments, comprising different depths of irrigation, being: 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 mm dia-1. At 55 days after planting the seedlings were evaluated for characteristics:stem diameter, plant height, dry mass of aerial part and dry mass of the root system. The stem diameter and dry mass of the root system presented an inverse behavior to the increase of the irrigation depth. The plant height and dry mass of aerial part presented an increasing effect in relation to the variation of the irrigation depth. The 5 mm dia-1 irrigation depth provides the best result for development in the initial stages of the root system of the seedlings, while the irrigation depth of 15 mm dia-1 favored a greater accumulation of dry mass of aerial part of the seedlings.

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Tracing the nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon released from plant residues in a soil/plant system

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr99075 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 699 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Yothin Konboon ◽

Graeme Blair ◽

Rod Lefroy ◽

Anthony Whitbread

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Plant Residue ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Plant Nutrient ◽

N Loss ◽

Leaching Losses ◽

Nutrient Demand

Matching plant residue mineralisation rate to plant nutrient demand is one way of increasing the efficiency of nutrient cycling. A glasshouse experiment was conducted in a Soloth soil with a C4d13 C signature using drained pots to examine the effect on the yield of Japanese millet (Echinochloa frumentocea) and the fate of 15 N, 35 S, and C (using d 13 C shift) from the C 3 plants Flemingia macrophylla, Medicago truncatula hay, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw applied at 3 t/ha in the presence of N and NPKS fertiliser. The yield of Japanese millet at 91 days was highest where medic hay had been added (13.7 g/pot) and lowest where wheat straw was used (11.5 g/pot). Recovery of 35 S by the millet was highest in the wheat straw and medic hay treatments (mean 11.5%), whilst recovery of 15 N was highest from medic hay (15.8%). Leaching losses of 35 S were highest in the Flemingia and medic treatments (mean 8.1%), and 15 N loss in leachate was highest in the medic hay treatment (6.6%). A maximum of 1.5% of the C added in residues was recovered in the leachate of the medic hay treatment.

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Development of experimental structure and influence of high CO2 concentration in maize cro

Engenharia Agrícola ◽

10.1590/s0100-69162012000200010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 306-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

João B. Lopes da Silva ◽

Paulo A. Ferreira ◽

Eduardo G. Pereira ◽

Luís C. Costa ◽

Glauco V. Miranda

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Dry Mass ◽

C4 Plant ◽

Active Radiation ◽

High Co2 ◽

Photosynthetic Rates ◽

High Co2 Concentration ◽

Experimental Structure

Maize is a C4 plant that shows few or no response to high [CO2]. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the photosynthetic rate and yield of maize under high [CO2] and develop open-top chambers (OTC) to create an atmosphere enriched with CO2. The experiment was conducted between October 2008 and March 2009. The OTCs were developed in modular scheme. Measurement of photosynthetic rates, transpiration, stomata conductance, grain yield and dry matter were performed. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and three treatments: P1 - plants grown in OTC with 700 ppm [CO2], P2 - plants grown in OTC with environmental [CO2], and P3 - control, cultivated in open field. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (Pr< 0.05). The chambers can reduce by 25% the photosynthetically active radiation and increase the air and leaf temperatures. Plants under high [CO2] (P1) showed the highest photosynthetic rates and the lowest stomata conductance and transpiration. The total weight of grains (g) and dry mass of shoots (g) showed no increases for P1, despite their higher photosynthetic rates.

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EXCESSO DE FERRO SOBRE O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PORTA-ENXERTOS CÍTRICOS

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v7i1.6075 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Kassio Ewerton Santos Sombra ◽

Andreza Cristina Chagas de Oliveira ◽

Ronyce Do Nascimento Ferreira ◽

Alexandre Caique Costa e Silva ◽

Cleilson Do Nascimento Uchôa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Tolerance ◽

San Diego ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Santa Cruz ◽

Initial Development ◽

Citrus Rootstock ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

O trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos do excesso de ferro sobre a emergência e desenvolvimento inicial de genótipos de porta-enxertos cítricos. Adotou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), em fatorial 5x2, com cinco porta-enxertos e dois substratos, repetidos quatro vezes, com parcela útil de 15 recipientes. Os genótipos consistiram do limoeiro ‘Cravo Santa Cruz’; citrandarins ‘Riverside’, ‘San Diego’ e ‘Índio’, além de, tangerineira ‘Sunki Tropical’, cultivados com ou sem óxido de ferro no substrato. Analisaram-se as porcentagens de emergência (PE) e calculou-se o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE). Realizaram-se biometrias aos 30, 60 e 90 dias após a semeadura (DAS), mensurando-se a altura (H) e diâmetro de caule (D) das plântulas, determinando-se massa fresca (MV) e seca (MS). O excesso de ferro induziu subdesenvolvimento, e até mortalidade de plântulas já emergidas, o que refletiu diretamente nos resultados, porém, todos os genótipos apresentaram emergência superior a 75%, destacando-se o citrandarin ‘San Diego’, com maior altura e caule mais espesso, e o citrandarin ‘Riverside’ com maior sensibilidade ao estresse, registrando os menores valores. O citrandarin ’San Diego’ demonstrou tolerância o estresse e desenvolveu-se satisfatoriamente, necessitando estudos que avaliem a manutenção das características inferidas em combinação com a cultivar copa.Palavras-chave: ambiente protegido, citricultura, enxertia, estresse, mudas. EXCESS OF IRON ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was evaluated the effects of iron excess on the emergence and initial development of citrus rootstock genotypes. A randomized complete block design (DBC), factorial 5x2, with five rootstocks and two substrates, repeated four times, with useful plot of 15 containers was adopted. Genotypes consisted of the 'Santa Cruz' Rangpur lemon; 'Riverside', 'San Diego' and 'Indio' citrandarins, as well as 'Sunki Tropical' tangerine, grown with or without iron excess in substrate. The percentages of emergency (PE) were analyzed and the rate of emergency (IVE) was calculated. Biometry was performed at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing (DAS), by measuring the height (H) and stem diameter (D) of the seedlings, determining fresh (MV) and dry mass (DM). The excess of iron induced underdevelopment, and even mortality of already emerged seedlings, which reflected directly in the results, however, all genotypes presented an emergency higher to 75%, standing out ’San Diego’ citrandarin, with greater height and more stem thick, and the ‘Riverside’ citrandarin with greater sensitivity to stress, registering the lowest values. 'San Diego’ citrandarin demonstrated stress tolerance and developed satisfactorily, requiring studies that evaluate maintenance of inferred characteristics in combination with cultivar canopy.Keywords: protected environment, citriculture, grafting, stress, seedlings.

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