scholarly journals Phosphate fertilization influences macronutrient accumulation in watermelon cv Magnum

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
Natanael S Pereira ◽  
Antônio Roberto Alves Júnior ◽  
Wilma F Celedônio ◽  
Esiana A Rodrigues ◽  
Sérgio WP Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Monoammonium Phosphate ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Stem Leaf

ABSTRACT Studies on nutrient uptake are important to understand nutritional needs of crops, which demand may also be influenced by fertilization management, particularly P fertilization. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate macronutrient accumulation and distribution in watermelon cv. Magnum, under two forms of phosphate fertilization. The experiment was carried out in a sandy-textured Argisol in Mossoró-RN. The experimental design was a randomized block design, arranged in split plot in time, with four replicates. We evaluated dose of 137 kg ha-1 of P2O5 under two forms of fertilization [pre-planting (F0) and pre-planting + topdressing (F1)]. Triple superphosphate (SFT) was used for pre-planting applications and topdressing applications were done through fertigation using monoammonium phosphate (MAP, 34 kg ha-1 of P2O5). Shoot samples (stem + leaf + fruit) of the experimental plots were collected at 27, 34, 40 and 55 days after emergence (DAE), and quantitative values of the accumulated nutrients were determined. In general, the highest accumulation of macronutrients occurred in the last third of the crop cycle. General accumulation of macronutrient was altered by fertilization form. An increase in P accumulation was observed using F1 fertilization, both in total and in fruits. Macronutrient accumulation rates increased during the evaluation period, except for Ca and Mg in F1 fertilization. F1 fertilization provided higher total accumulations of Ca and Mg, but the same did not occur for the accumulation in fruits.

scholarly journals Analysis of root traits of watermelon under phosphate fertilization using minirhizotrons

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e973974560
Author(s):  
Natanael Santiago Pereira ◽  
Alexandre Caique Costa e Silva ◽  
Pedro Maurício Mendes Nunes Júnio ◽  
Sérgio Weine Paulino Chaves ◽  
José Francismar de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Monoammonium Phosphate ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Positive Effect

The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of phosphate fertilization management on root traits of irrigated watermelon crop by minirhizotron observation. The experiment was conducted in an area with acrisol soil in Mossoró-RN using a completely randomized block design with six replicates corresponding to the assessment times. The evaluated parameters were four doses of P (34, 80, 137, and 206 kg ha−1 de P2O5) and two methods of fertilization: basal fertilization (F0) and basal + top-dressing fertilization (F1). Triple superphosphate was used for basal fertilization and monoammonium phosphate was used for top-dressing (34 kg ha−1 of P2O5). In addition, two control treatments were included: one without the use of P (C1) and another with only top-dressed P at a dose of 103 kg ha−1 of P2O5 (C2). A portable root scanner was used to collect images through 0.6-m clear tubes (minirhizotrons). The root mean diameter decreased with increasing doses of phosphate in F0; however, fine roots were observed in C2. There was a positive effect of P doses on the number of roots only in F0. In the absence of P, the reduction in the number of roots was greater than the reduction in total length.

scholarly journals Limestone and phosphorus application and forage production in natural pastures with sodseeding of cool-season species

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 3681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Eduardo Prestes ◽  
Cassandro Vidal Talamini do Amarante ◽  
Cassiano Eduardo Pinto ◽  
Gabriel Avila Prestes ◽  
Guilherme Doneda Zanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Phosphorus Application

Natural pastures are important ecosystems that both contribute to biodiversity conservation and provide an important source of income, especially for cattle ranchers. While these pastures yield fairly low productivity, they can be improved by increasing soil fertility and introducing species with high productive potentials. In this sense, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of applying limestone and phosphorus, as well as introducing cool-season species with a mixture of species dominated by Schizachyrium tenerum Nees, into a natural pasture in the Catarinense Plateau. The experiment was conducted from January 2010 to December 2013; the treatments consisted of superficial distribution of limestone in proportions of 3.6, 7.2, 11.0, and 14.4 t ha-1, as well as distribution of phosphorus in the form of triple superphosphate in proportions of 35, 70, 105, and 140 kg of P2O5 ha-1. In addition, cool-season species were overseeded. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with subdivided plots and three replications. Limestone was applied to the main parcel, whereas phosphorus was applied to the subplots. There was no interaction between the levels of limestone and phosphorus. The application of 11.0 t ha-1 of limestone yielded the highest forage production, with 3,932.2 kg of dry matter (DM) ha-1 during the second year. Red clover was the species that best reacted to the additions, with levels of 7.2 and 11.0 t ha-1 over the 4 years. In addition, phosphorus provoked a positive response throughout the experiment. The highest forage production was observed during the second year, with an addition of 140 kg P2O5 ha-1 (4,419.4 kg DM ha-1). Only one-eighth of the recommended amount of limestone (3.6 t ha-1) allowed for the establishment and persistence of the legumes introduced into natural pastures. These additions, associated with increasing levels of phosphorus, yielded linear growth in the production of forage in natural pastures with a mixture of species dominated by Schizachyrium tenerum Nees.

scholarly journals Effect of spatial arrangement on the production components and yield of sunflower

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-222
Author(s):  
Francisco Thiago Coelho Bezerra ◽  
Alek Sandro Dutra ◽  
João Bosco Pitombeira
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Crop Cycle

ABSTRACT The sunflower plant is an oilseed crop that has aroused a great interest in the Brazilian and international scenery especillay because of the possibility of using its oil for biodiesel production. The objective of this study was to evaluate productivity and yield components of Embrapa 122 sunflower according to the spatial arrangement. Treatments were arranged in 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, which are the four spacings between rows (0.30; 0.50; 0.70 and 0.90 m) and four sowing densities (30,000; 45,000; 60,000 and 75,000 plants ha-1). The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized block design with four replications. The experiments were conducted in the experimental area of the Plant Science Department in Fortaleza, State of Ceará-Brazil and on the Curu Vale Experimental Farm in Pentecoste, State of Ceará-Brazil. Productivity and the following production components were analyzed in the end of the crop cycle: harvested capitula, capitulum diameter, capitulum mass, achene mass per capitulum, mass of 100 achenes, achenes per capitulum, harvest index and oil content in the achenes. The experiments were analyzed jointly in relation to the cropping area and the data submitted to analysis of variance and quantitative factors tested by polynomial regression. The variables, spacing, density and cropping area did not interact with these variables and the spatial arrangement of the plants affected only the components. The cropping area influences the productive behavior of sunflower Embrapa 122. The spatial arrangement of the plants of sunflower of variety Embrapa 122 influences yield components but does not affect productivity.

scholarly journals Doses of limestone, phosphorus and potassium on the initial development of Anacardium humile seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lucas Ferreira de Morais ◽  
Wendy Carniello Ferreira ◽  
Francielly Rodrigues Gomes ◽  
Edésio Fialho dos Reis ◽  
Daniela Pereira Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different doses of limestone, phosphorus, and potassium on the initial development of Anacardium humile (Cajuzinho-do-cerrado) seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. A randomized block design was adopted in a 3x4x4 factorial scheme (liming x phosphorus x potassium doses). The treatments consisted of three liming doses (0; 40; and 70% of base saturation), four doses of potassium chloride with 60% of K2O (0; 60; 120; and 180 kg ha-1), and four doses of triple superphosphate with 46% of P2O5 (0; 80; 160; and 240 kg ha-1), with six replications. The following characteristics were evaluated: stem diameter (SD), plant height (PH), root length (RL), shoot dry matter (SDM), and root dry matter (RDM). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the averages were compared by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). It was concluded that there was no influence of phosphorus doses on the initial development of A. humile seedlings and that there was a response to the association between liming and potassium chloride in vegetative growth.

scholarly journals Interference Periods in Soybean Crop as Affected by Emergence Times of Weeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.R. ZANDONÁ ◽  
D. AGOSTINETTO ◽  
B.M. SILVA ◽  
Q. RUCHEL ◽  
D.S. FRAGA
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Intermediate Time ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Weed Emergence

ABSTRACT: Weeds emergence times modify competition with crops. Thus, the hypothesis was that the increase in weed emergence flow decreases the period prior to interference (PPI) in soybeans and increases the critical period of interference prevention (CPIP). The objective was to determine the PPI and the CPIP of weeds in soybean crops as affected by the preferred time of weeds emergence flow. Three experiments were conducted in the field in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a factorial design with factor A consisting of coexistence or weed control in soybeans and factor B for eight periods (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 135 days after crop emergence (DAE)). The numbers of emerged plants and weed dry mass by genus and crop productivity were evaluated. The weed interference in culture during all the crop cycle reduces the soybean average yield 73, 94 and 89% in the first, second and third sowing times, respectively. Chemical control may be adopted at the end of PPI, which must be done at 14, 15 and 5 DAE crop, for the first, second, third times, respectively. The sowing in advance and intermediate time of recommendation increase the PPI in about 10 days, favoring the weed management in soybean crops.

scholarly journals SUGARCANE CROPS WITH CONTROLLED WATER DEFICIT IN THE SUB-MIDDLE SÃO FRANCISCO VALLEY, BRAZIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 963-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
WELSON LIMA SIMÕES ◽  
MARCELO CALGARO ◽  
MIGUEL JULIO MACHADO GUIMARÃES ◽  
ANDERSON RAMOS DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
MÍRIAN PAULA MEDEIROS ANDRÉ PINHEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Technological Quality

ABSTRACT Sugarcane is one of the most affected crops by water scarcity. The efficient use of the irrigation water is an alternative to minimize this problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate biometric parameters, yield, and technological quality of sugarcane plants subjected to different controlled water deficit regimes in the sub-middle São Francisco Valley, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in two crop cycles, with three replications, with ten treatments consisted of three controlled water deficits (15%, 30%, and 45% of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc), applied at three development stages of the plant - sprouting and tillering (Stage I), grand growth (Stage II), and maturation (Stage III) - and a control with 100% of the ETc throughout the entire crop cycle. The controlled water deficit did not affect the technological quality of the sugarcane in any development stage. The sugarcane yield was higher when using a controlled water deficit of 30% of ETc in the sprouting and tillering stages of the plants. The water deficit of 15% of ETc is recommended for the grand growth, or maturation stages of the sugarcane plants for a greater water use efficiency of the production system.

scholarly journals Nutrient support via fertigation with domestic effluent and growth of cotton

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Francisco Gonçalo Filho ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
Cleyton dos Santos Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Nildo da Silva Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Domestic Effluent ◽  
Semi Arid

Because of climatic problems in the Brazilian semi-arid region, it is of fundamental importance to seek a culture that considers water scarcity and available natural resources. Thus, a randomized block design, with subdivided plots and six replications, was carried out in the experimental area of the treatment and wastewater reuse station of the Milagres Settlement, Apodi, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating cultivation of herbaceous cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum) fertigated with domestic sewage treated in a semi-arid environment. Two cultivation cycles were carried out, and the cotton plants were fed with three different solutions containing treated domestic sewage (TDE) plus supply water (PSW), to supply the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) (100% PSW – control, 50% PSW + 50% TDE and 100% TDE), with and without phosphate fertilization in pre-planting. The contribution of nutrients to the soil and plant growth were analyzed. The results indicated that the wastewater presents potential fertilizer, reaching to the soil amounts of some nutrients exceeding the cotton’s needs, when 100% of the ETc was supplied via fertigation with domestic effluent, resulting in an increase in the growth rates of the plants. There was no interaction between the percentages of wastewater and phosphate fertilization in pre-planting. Phosphorus alone promoted significant variation only in the first cycle, indicating that there is a residual fertigation effect with domestic effluent on the nutrient supply.

scholarly journals Herbage accumulation dynamics in digit grass subjected to defoliation frequencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Natan Teles Cruz ◽  
Braulio Maia de Lana Sousa ◽  
Jailson Lara Fagundes ◽  
Alfredo Acosta Backes ◽  
José Dantas Gusmão Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Defoliation Frequency

This study was undertaken to examine the herbage accumulation dynamics and structural characteristics of digit grass subjected to different defoliation frequencies in the period of January 2015 to February 2016. Four defoliation frequencies [very high (25 cm), high (35 cm), medium (45 cm), and low (55 cm)] were evaluated in two periods of the year [greater insolation (September to March) and lesser insolation (April to August)]. The experiment was set up as a randomized-block design with four replicates. Overall, the decreasing defoliation frequencies increased the cutting interval; leaf area index; total-herbage, stem, and dead-herbage accumulation rates; and percentages of stems and dead herbage. This reduction in defoliation frequency also resulted in a lower leaf accumulation rate and percentage of leaves. In overall terms, digit grass showed higher total-herbage, leaf, and stem accumulation rates; percentages of stems and dead herbage; stem volume density; and tiller density in the period of greater insolation. In the period of lesser insolation, however, digit grass exhibited a lower dead-herbage accumulation rate and a lower percentage of dead herbage. Less frequent defoliations increase the herbage accumulation rates of digit grass, but result in a less desirable morphological composition.

scholarly journals Production and quality of watermelon grown under seaweed extract

2020 ◽  
pp. 1701-1706
Author(s):  
Antonio Francisco de Mendonça Júnior ◽  
Ana Paula Medeiros dos Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Rui Sales Jr. ◽  
Andréia Mitsa Paiva Negreiros ◽  
Marcos Oliveira Bettini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Water Melon ◽  
Productive Development

The use of biofertilizers with macroalgae base has become a viable alternative to conventionally used synthetic fertilizers. Among the advantages of using these extracts is the increase in productivity and improvements in the agronomic performance of the crop. Its use is allowed in organic agriculture as it is a natural product. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of the seaweed extract, Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) to the productive development and quality of watermelon plants. A randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replications was applied. The treatments comprised of full or divided doses (total of 3.0 ml L-1) of seaweed extract (T1: producer standard; T2: (1.0 – 1.0 – 1.0 mL L-1) applied 2 - 16 - 30 days after transplanting (d.a.t.); T3: (1.5 - 1.5 ml L-1) 2 - 30 (d.a.t.); T4: (1.0 – 1.0 – 1.0 mL L-1) 16 - 30 - 44 (d.a.t.); T5: (1.5 - 1.5 mL L-1) 16 - 30 (d.a.t.) T6: (3.0 mL L-1) 2 (d.a.t.). 100 mL of the prepared solution was used for each experiment. The application of Acadian® improved the yield of water melon in the order of 12.69 to 27.76% and at different periods of the crop cycle.

scholarly journals Phosphate fertilization with organomineral fertilizer on corn crops on a Rhodic Khandiudox with a high phosphorus contente

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco André Grohskopf ◽  
Juliano Corulli Corrêa ◽  
Dirceu Maximino Fernandes ◽  
Vinícius de Melo Benites ◽  
Paulo César Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Available P ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
P Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Crop Cycle

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritional content and grain yield of three corn (Zea mays) crops in response to phosphate fertilization with an organomineral fertilizer based on poultry litter or a mineral fertilizer, when cultivated on a Rhodic Khandiudox with a high initial phosphorus content. The experiment was carried out in the field in a randomized complete block design in a 2×4+1 factorial arrangement (organomineral or mineral fertilizer × 20, 40, 60, or 80 kg ha-1 P + control treatment with no phosphate fertilization), with four replicates each. Available P and total organic carbon (TOC) contents in the soil at the end of the crop cycle, plant tissue P contents, and grain yield were determined. The agronomic efficiency index (AEI) was estimated based on corn grain yield. After three harvests, soil available P and TOC contents did not increase significantly due to fertilizer use, but were directly related to P doses. In a Rhodic Khandiudox with a high initial P content, the use of an organomineral fertilizer based on poultry litter promotes higher corn crop yield, with an AEI 20% higher than that of the mineral fertilizer.

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