scholarly journals Mixtures between Beauveria bassiana and potassium silicate to manage thrips in tomato plants for industrial processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-420
Author(s):  
Alexandre Igor A Pereira ◽  
Cide M da Silva ◽  
Carmen RS Curvêlo ◽  
Nadson de C Pontes ◽  
Jardel L Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrate Pest Management ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Solanaceae Family

ABSTRACT Thysanoptera species can transmit virus to Solanaceae family vegetables, including tomato plants for industrial processing, causing the disease known as Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV). Thrips resistance to insecticides indicate the urgent need of techniques adequate for Integrate Pest Management practices. The objective was to evaluate the control efficiency (CE%) against Frankliniella schultzei (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bb), the resistance inducer potassium silicate (KSil) and the chemical insecticide profenophos + cypermethrin (PC) isolated, or in binary mixtures. The treatments were foliar spraying on tomato plants with Bb (T1), KSil (T2) and PC (T3) isolated or in mixtures of Bb+KSil (T4), PC+KSil (T5) and Bb+PC (T6). Thrips were sampled with white plastic trays at 0, 1, 7, 14 and 21 days after application (daa). The CE% of each product (isolated or in mixtures) differed at all time intervals. The Bb+KSil treatment had highest CE% from 24 hours of application, until the end of the experiment, ranging from 95% (1 daa) to 41.5% (21 daa). The CE% decreased in all treatments with a quadratic curve behavior, throughout time. PC insecticide, isolated, showed a decreased CE% through a linear regression. Grouping analyzes indicated the Bb+KSil effect was more dissimilar than the other evaluated treatments. Synergism between Bb and KSil, in mixture, indicate its potential for Integrated Pest Management programs of F. schultzei in tomato plants for industrial processing.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Perceptions of Mexican Bean Weevil, Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman), and Pest Management Practices in Southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tariku Mesele ◽  
Kumela Dibaba ◽  
Esayas Mendesil
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Bean Weevil ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Zabrotes Subfasciatus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Handling Practices

The common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., is one of the most important sources of protein in Ethiopia and other developing countries. However, the Mexican bean weevil, Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman), is a major constraint of stored common bean that causes qualitative and quantitative losses. This study was conducted to assess farmers’ knowledge and perceptions of Mexican bean weevil, to examine farmers’ pest management practices, and to identify challenges of pest management practices to develop integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. A survey of 148 smallholder common bean farmers was conducted at Mareka and Loma districts in southern Ethiopia. The majority (75%) of the farmers stored common bean in polypropylene bags while less than 10% of the farmers stored beans in ‘Diya’ (a traditional storage structure). Most (60.8%) farmers stored their beans in seed (threshed) form, and the majority (63.5%) of them stored their beans for 3-5 months. The majority of the farmers had knowledge about the Mexican bean weevil; they could identify damaged seeds based on the ‘holes’ on the seed (72.3%) and circular ‘windows’ on the seed (20.0%). About 45% of the farmers mentioned the high amount of loss at the time of storage. In addition, most farmers (53.4%) estimated 26-50% loss in storage. Most farmers reported the use of pesticidal plants for control of Mexican bean weevil, while only a few farmers reported they had applied insecticide in their store. Education level and family size had a positive and statistically significant impact on the use of pesticidal plants for the control of Mexican bean weevil. Furthermore, education level also influences the use of chemical insecticide. Results highlighted the need to use improved storage technology and to train farmers in postharvest handling practices as a component to develop IPM approach in order to minimize losses occurring along the value chains of the common bean.

Occurrence of the Entomogenous Fungus Beauveria bassiana in Pecan Orchard Soils in Georgia

1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Harrison ◽  
Wayne A. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Entomogenous Fungus ◽  
Fungal Propagules ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Orchard Soils

Soils from 19 pecan orchards in ten Georgia counties were sampled for Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin propagules utilizing a selective oatmeal-dodine agar. The 543 soil samples were collected at times corresponding to adult pecan weevil, Curculio caryae (Horn), emergence from the soil and larval penetration into the soil. Fungal propagules were detected in the soils of each of the 19 orchards on both sampling dates. Therefore, soils in pecan orchards in Georgia appear to contain B. bassiana propagules during periods of adult and larval activity of pecan weevils regardless of location, soil type, or pest management practices. Environmental conditions in these orchard soils are apparently conducive for B. bassiana stability and persistence and may enhance efforts to augment the natural inoculum.

scholarly journals Optimizing Pest Management Practices to Conserve Pollinators in Turf Landscapes: Current Practices and Future Research Needs

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Larson ◽  
Adam Dale ◽  
David Held ◽  
Benjamin McGraw ◽  
Douglas S. Richmond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Current Practices

scholarly journals Toxomerus duplicatus Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Syrphidae) preying on Microtheca spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larvae

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
VS Sturza ◽  
STB Dequech ◽  
M Toebe ◽  
TR Silveira ◽  
A Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Integrate Pest Management ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
New Information ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Santa Maria

Microtheca spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are insect pests primarily related to Brassicaceae crops. In the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil, they are found on forage turnip, Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg., which is commonly grown during fall/winter seasons. This work reports the predation of Microtheca spp. larvae by Toxomerus duplicatus Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Syrphidae) larvae, on forage turnip crop, in Santa Maria, RS. This register provides new information about Microtheca spp. natural enemies in Brazil, which might be a new option for integrate pest management of these species.

scholarly journals Demonstrating an integrated pest management strategy in forage- and seed-brassica crops using a collaborative approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abie Horrocks ◽  
Paul A. Horne ◽  
Melanie M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Management Approaches

An integrated pest management (IPM) strategy was compared with farmers’ conventional pest management practices on twelve spring- and autumn-sown seed and forage brassica crops. Demonstration trials were conducted in Canterbury from spring 2015 to autumn 2017 by splitting farmers’ paddocks in half and applying the two management approaches side by side. A farmer participatory approach was used, with management decisions based on monitoring pests and biological-control agents. Farmer and adviser training with a focus on monitoring and identification was carried out. Biological-control agents capable of contributing to pest control were identified in all brassica crops. There was a 35% reduction in the number of insecticides applied under IPM compared with conventional management, negligible crop yield differences, and the type of insecticides applied was different. IPM adoption at these farms was high by the end of the 3-year project with 11 of the 12 farmers implementing IPM across 90—100% of their brassica crops. This project was a starting point for an industry-wide change of practice to IPM, which has become more widespread since its completion.

scholarly journals Selection of Endophytic Beauveria bassiana as a Dual Biocontrol Agent of Tomato Pathogens and Pests

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Martina Sinno ◽  
Marta Ranesi ◽  
Ilaria Di Lelio ◽  
Giuseppina Iacomino ◽  
Andrea Becchimanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Integrate Pest Management ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Commercial Strain ◽  
Selection Of

Endophytic fungi (EF) can enhance both plant growth and defense barriers against pests and pathogens, contributing to the reduction of chemical pesticides and fertilizers use in agriculture. Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus showing endophytism in several crops, often associated with a good capacity to limit the development of pests and disease agents. However, the diversity of the protective efficacy and plant response to different strains can be remarkable and needs to be carefully assessed for the successful and predictable use of these beneficial microorganisms. This study aims to select B. bassiana strains able to colonize tomato plants as endophytes as well as to control two important disease agents, Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata, and the pest aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae. Nine wild-type isolates and one commercial strain were screened for endophytism, then further characterized for plant-growth promotion plus inhibition of disease development and pest infestation. Four isolates proved to have a good control activity against the biotic stressors tested, but only Bb716 was also able to promote plant growth. This work provides a simple workflow for the selection of beneficial EF, paving the way towards more effective use of B. bassiana in Integrate Pest Management (IPM) of tomato.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN JAMUR ENTOMOPATHOGEN (Beauveria bassiana ) UNTUK MENEKAN TINGKAT SERANGAN HAMA PENGGEREK BUAH KAKAO (Conopomorpha cramerella Snell.) DI KEBUN RAKYAT DESA BETUNG KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Hayata Hayata
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Treatment Factor ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Unfavorable Condition ◽  
Condition B

ABSTRACTOne of the barriers in the cacao caltivation is attacking of hama penggerek Buah Kakao (PBK) that caused by conopomorpha cramerella.Inflicted Damage caused by PBK larvae was look like broken and wrinkled seeds, and there was a dark color on its skin that caused the decreasing of products weight and its quality.To control this BPK pests of cocoa could C Cramerella, generally farmers used chemical insecticide. The continously use of this insecticide was feared a bigger trouble such as pest resistance, environmental pollution, and product refusing caused by the pesticide leftover over the standard. Biological control using entomopatogen was one of PHT. Concept. The useness of entomopatogen such as beauveria bassiana fungi as a controller agent is one way to avoid the negative impacts of chemicals toward to the environment .B. bassiana Fungi possess the high reproductive capacity, easily produced and it is able to produce a long surviving spores on a unfavorable condition. B. bassiana has a high potential in controlling various types of pest. Beside, this fungi shows easily obtained, it also easy propagated so that it can be reduces the control cost.The useness of B. bassiana fungi as a cacao pest control that will be conducted in small cocoa plantations in the Kebun Sembilan village will show how its ability in reducing the cacao pest population.The research uses completly randomsed block design which rice media with B. bassiana as a treatment factor. The result should has relation with cacao quality.Key word: Conopomorpha cramerella , beauveria bassiana , attacking intensitas.ABSTRAKSalah satu kendala dalam pengembangan tanaman kakao adalah serangan hama penggerek buah kakao (PBK) yang disebabkan oleh Conopomorpha cramerella. Kerusakan yang ditimbulkan oleh larva PBK berupa rusak dan mengeriputnya biji, timbulnya warna gelap pada kulit biji yang mengakibatkan turunnya berat dan mutu produk. Untuk mengendalikan hama penggerak buah kakao C. cramerella tersebut umumnya petani menggunakan insektisida kimia. Penggunaan insektisida secara terus-menerus dikhawatirkan menimbulkan masalah yang lebih berat, antara lain terjadinya resistensi hama, pencemaran lingkungan, dan ditolaknya produk akibat residu pestisida yang melebihi ambang toleransi.Pengendalian hayati dengan menggunakan entomopatogen merupakan salah satu dari konsep PHT. Penggunaan entomopatogen jamur Beauveria bassiana sebagai agen pengendali merupakan salah satu cara untuk menghindari dampak negatif dari bahan kimia terhadap lingkungan. Jamur B. bassiana mempunyai kapasitas reproduksi yang tinggi, mudah diproduksi dan pada kondisi yang kurang menguntungkan dapat membentuk spora yang mampu bertahan lama di alam. B. bassiana memiliki potensi yang besar dalam mengendalikan berbagai jenis hama. Selain mudah didapat, jamur ini mudah diperbanyak sehingga dapat menurunkan biaya pengendalian. Pengunaan jamur B. bassiana untuk pengendalian penggerek buah kakao yang akan dilakukan di perkebunan kakao rakyat di desa kebun sembilan akan memperlihatkan bagaimana kemampuan jamur tersebut dalam menekan populasi penggerek buah kakao. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan faktor perlakuan berat media beras nasi yang terkandung B. bassiana. hasil akhirnya adalah kualitas buah kakao.Kata kunci : Conopomorpha cramerella, Beauveria bassiana, Intensitas serangan,

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tactics for Management of Thrips-Vectored Tomato spotted wilt virus in Tomato

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 847-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Riley ◽  
H. R. Pappu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Two studies were conducted in Georgia during the spring of 1997 and 1998 to evaluate various management practices for reducing thrips and thrips-vectored Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in tomato. Populations of the two species of thrips responsible for transmitting TSWV in tomato fields, Frankliniella occidentalis and F. fusca, were determined using blossom and sticky trap samples. Management practices evaluated were host plant resistance, insecticide treatments, planting date, and light-reflective mulch. In both years, intensive insecticide treatment had the largest effect in reducing thrips and spotted wilt and increasing marketable yield, compared with host plant resistance and reflective mulch. The effect of planting date was consistent in that the later planting date resulted in higher incidence of TSWV, lower thrips numbers, and lower tomato yields, both in fruit quality and dollar value. Host plant resistance and reflective mulch significantly reduced thrips and TSWV. In both years, early planting on black plastic with an intensive insecticide treatment resulted in the highest yield.

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